Dark Matter Limits from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory

Albert, A.; Alfaro, R.; Alvarez, C.; Álvarez, J. D.; Arceo, R.; Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.; Rojas, D. Avila; Solares, H. Ayala; Bautista-Elivar, N.; Becerril, A.; Belmont-Moreno, E.; BenZvi, S. Y.; Bernal, A.; Braun, J.; Brisbois, C.; Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Capistrán, T.; Carramiñana, A.; Casanova, S.; Castillo, M.; Cotti, U.; Cotzomi, J.; León, S. de; León, C. De; Fuente, E. la; Hernandez, R. Diaz; Dingus, B. L.; DuVernois, M. A.; Díaz-Vélez, J. C.; Ellsworth, R. W.; Engel, K.; Fiorino, D. W.; Fraija, N.; García-González, J. A.; Garfias, F.; González, M. M.; Goodman, J. A.; Hampel-Arias, Z.; Harding, J. P.; Hernandez, S.; Hernandez-Almada, A.; Hona, B.; Hüntemeyer, P.; Iriarte, A.; Jardin-Blicq, A.; Joshi, V.; Kaufmann, S.; Kieda, D.; Lauer, R. J.; Lennarz, D.; Vargas, H. León; Linnemann, J. T.; Longinotti, A. L.; Proper, M. Longo; Raya, G. Luis; Luna-García, R.; López-Coto, R.; Malone, K.; Marinelli, S. S.; Martinez-Castellanos, I.; Martínez-Castro, J.; Martínez-Huerta, H.; Matthews, J. A.; Miranda-Romagnoli, P.; Moreno, E.; Mostafá, M.; Nellen, L.; Newbold, M.; Nisa, M. U.; Noriega-Papaqui, R.; Pelayo, R.; Pretz, J.; Pérez-Pérez, E. G.; Ren, Z.; Rho, C. D.; Rivière, C.; Rosa-González, D.; Rosenberg, M.; Ruiz-Velasco, E.; Greus, F. Salesa; Sandoval, A.; Schneider, M.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Sinnis, G.; Smith, A. J.; Springer, R. W.; Surajbali, P.; Taboada, I.; Tibolla, O.; Tollefson, K.; Torres, I.; Vianello, G.; Weisgarber, T.; Westerhoff, S.; Wood, J.; Yapici, T.; Younk, P. W.; Zhou, H.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa6d8

Title: Dark Matter Limits from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory

Abstract

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory is a wide field of view observatory sensitive to 500 GeV–100 TeV gamma-rays and cosmic rays. It can also perform diverse indirect searches for dark matter annihilation and decay. Among the most promising targets for the indirect detection of dark matter are dwarf spheroidal galaxies. These objects are expected to have few astrophysical sources of gamma-rays but high dark matter content, making them ideal candidates for an indirect dark matter detection with gamma-rays. In this paper we present individual limits on the annihilation cross section and decay lifetime for 15 dwarf spheroidal galaxies within the field of view, as well as their combined limit. These are the first limits on the annihilation cross section and decay lifetime using data collected with HAWC. We also present the HAWC flux upper limits of the 15 dwarf spheroidal galaxies in half-decade energy bins.

Authors:

^[1]; Alfaro, R.; Alvarez, C.; Álvarez, J. D.; Arceo, R.; Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.; Rojas, D. Avila;

; Bautista-Elivar, N.; Becerril, A.; Belmont-Moreno, E.; BenZvi, S. Y.; Bernal, A.; Braun, J.; Brisbois, C.; Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Capistrán, T.; Carramiñana, A.; Casanova, S.; Castillo, M. more »

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Collaboration. et al.

Publication Date:: Thu Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Contributing Org.:: Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1514958

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-26138
Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: The Astrophysical Journal

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 853; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: IOP Publishing

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; dark matter; galaxies; dwarf; gamma rays

Citation Formats


                    Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Álvarez, J. D., Arceo, R., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. Ayala, Bautista-Elivar, N., Becerril, A., Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Bernal, A., Braun, J., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Castillo, M., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., León, S. de, León, C. De, Fuente, E. la, Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Ellsworth, R. W., Engel, K., Fiorino, D. W., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Hampel-Arias, Z., Harding, J. P., Hernandez, S., Hernandez-Almada, A., Hona, B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lauer, R. J., Lennarz, D., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Proper, M. Longo, Raya, G. Luis, Luna-García, R., López-Coto, R., Malone, K., Marinelli, S. S., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Martínez-Huerta, H., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Pelayo, R., Pretz, J., Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Ren, Z., Rho, C. D., Rivière, C., Rosa-González, D., Rosenberg, M., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Sinnis, G., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Surajbali, P., Taboada, I., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Vianello, G., Weisgarber, T., Westerhoff, S., Wood, J., Yapici, T., Younk, P. W., and Zhou, H. Dark Matter Limits from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa6d8.

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                    Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Álvarez, J. D., Arceo, R., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. Ayala, Bautista-Elivar, N., Becerril, A., Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Bernal, A., Braun, J., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Castillo, M., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., León, S. de, León, C. De, Fuente, E. la, Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Ellsworth, R. W., Engel, K., Fiorino, D. W., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Hampel-Arias, Z., Harding, J. P., Hernandez, S., Hernandez-Almada, A., Hona, B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lauer, R. J., Lennarz, D., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Proper, M. Longo, Raya, G. Luis, Luna-García, R., López-Coto, R., Malone, K., Marinelli, S. S., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Martínez-Huerta, H., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Pelayo, R., Pretz, J., Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Ren, Z., Rho, C. D., Rivière, C., Rosa-González, D., Rosenberg, M., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Sinnis, G., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Surajbali, P., Taboada, I., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Vianello, G., Weisgarber, T., Westerhoff, S., Wood, J., Yapici, T., Younk, P. W., & Zhou, H. Dark Matter Limits from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa6d8

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                    Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Álvarez, J. D., Arceo, R., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. Ayala, Bautista-Elivar, N., Becerril, A., Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Bernal, A., Braun, J., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Castillo, M., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., León, S. de, León, C. De, Fuente, E. la, Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Ellsworth, R. W., Engel, K., Fiorino, D. W., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Hampel-Arias, Z., Harding, J. P., Hernandez, S., Hernandez-Almada, A., Hona, B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lauer, R. J., Lennarz, D., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Proper, M. Longo, Raya, G. Luis, Luna-García, R., López-Coto, R., Malone, K., Marinelli, S. S., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Martínez-Huerta, H., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Pelayo, R., Pretz, J., Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Ren, Z., Rho, C. D., Rivière, C., Rosa-González, D., Rosenberg, M., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Sinnis, G., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Surajbali, P., Taboada, I., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Vianello, G., Weisgarber, T., Westerhoff, S., Wood, J., Yapici, T., Younk, P. W., and Zhou, H. Thu .  
"Dark Matter Limits from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa6d8.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1514958.

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@article{osti_1514958,

  title        = {Dark Matter Limits from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory},

  author       = {Albert, A. and Alfaro, R. and Alvarez, C. and Álvarez, J. D. and Arceo, R. and Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. and Rojas, D. Avila and Solares, H. Ayala and Bautista-Elivar, N. and Becerril, A. and Belmont-Moreno, E. and BenZvi, S. Y. and Bernal, A. and Braun, J. and Brisbois, C. and Caballero-Mora, K. S. and Capistrán, T. and Carramiñana, A. and Casanova, S. and Castillo, M. and Cotti, U. and Cotzomi, J. and León, S. de and León, C. De and Fuente, E. la and Hernandez, R. Diaz and Dingus, B. L. and DuVernois, M. A. and Díaz-Vélez, J. C. and Ellsworth, R. W. and Engel, K. and Fiorino, D. W. and Fraija, N. and García-González, J. A. and Garfias, F. and González, M. M. and Goodman, J. A. and Hampel-Arias, Z. and Harding, J. P. and Hernandez, S. and Hernandez-Almada, A. and Hona, B. and Hüntemeyer, P. and Iriarte, A. and Jardin-Blicq, A. and Joshi, V. and Kaufmann, S. and Kieda, D. and Lauer, R. J. and Lennarz, D. and Vargas, H. León and Linnemann, J. T. and Longinotti, A. L. and Proper, M. Longo and Raya, G. Luis and Luna-García, R. and López-Coto, R. and Malone, K. and Marinelli, S. S. and Martinez-Castellanos, I. and Martínez-Castro, J. and Martínez-Huerta, H. and Matthews, J. A. and Miranda-Romagnoli, P. and Moreno, E. and Mostafá, M. and Nellen, L. and Newbold, M. and Nisa, M. U. and Noriega-Papaqui, R. and Pelayo, R. and Pretz, J. and Pérez-Pérez, E. G. and Ren, Z. and Rho, C. D. and Rivière, C. and Rosa-González, D. and Rosenberg, M. and Ruiz-Velasco, E. and Greus, F. Salesa and Sandoval, A. and Schneider, M. and Schoorlemmer, H. and Sinnis, G. and Smith, A. J. and Springer, R. W. and Surajbali, P. and Taboada, I. and Tibolla, O. and Tollefson, K. and Torres, I. and Vianello, G. and Weisgarber, T. and Westerhoff, S. and Wood, J. and Yapici, T. and Younk, P. W. and Zhou, H.},

  abstractNote = {The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory is a wide field of view observatory sensitive to 500 GeV–100 TeV gamma-rays and cosmic rays. It can also perform diverse indirect searches for dark matter annihilation and decay. Among the most promising targets for the indirect detection of dark matter are dwarf spheroidal galaxies. These objects are expected to have few astrophysical sources of gamma-rays but high dark matter content, making them ideal candidates for an indirect dark matter detection with gamma-rays. In this paper we present individual limits on the annihilation cross section and decay lifetime for 15 dwarf spheroidal galaxies within the field of view, as well as their combined limit. These are the first limits on the annihilation cross section and decay lifetime using data collected with HAWC. We also present the HAWC flux upper limits of the 15 dwarf spheroidal galaxies in half-decade energy bins.},

  doi          = {10.3847/1538-4357/aaa6d8},

  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 853,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Thu Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

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Indirect dark matter searches with ground-based gamma-ray observatories provide an alternative for identifying the particle nature of dark matter that is complementary to that of direct search or accelerator production experiments. We present the results of observations of the dwarf spheroidal galaxies Draco, Ursa Minor, Bootes 1, and Willman 1 conducted by the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). These galaxies are nearby dark matter dominated objects located at a typical distance of several tens of kiloparsecs for which there are good measurements of the dark matter density profile from stellar velocity measurements. Since the conventional astrophysical backgroundmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/720/2/1174
Searching for dark matter sub-structure with HAWC

Journal Article Abeysekara, A. U. ; Albert, A. ; Alfaro, R. ; ... - Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Numerical simulations show that the dark matter halos surrounding galaxies are expected to contain many over-densities or sub-halos. The most massive of these sub-halos can be optically observed in the form of dwarf galaxies. However, most lower mass sub-halos are predicted to exist as dark dwarf galaxies: sub-halos like dwarf galaxies with no luminous counterpart. It may be possible to detect these unseen sub-halos from gamma-ray signals originating from dark matter annihilation. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) is a very high energy (500 GeV to >100 TeV) gamma ray detector with a wide field-of-view and near continuous dutymore »« less
Cited by 6
https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/07/022

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Title: Dark Matter Limits from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory

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Search for dark matter annihilation signatures in H.E.S.S. observations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies journal, December 2014

Dark matter constraints from observations of 25 Milky Way satellite galaxies with the Fermi Large Area Telescope journal, February 2014

Limits to dark matter annihilation cross-section from a combined analysis of MAGIC and Fermi-LAT observations of dwarf satellite galaxies journal, February 2016

VERITAS deep observations of the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Segue 1 journal, March 2012

Effects of bound states on dark matter annihilation journal, June 2016

Dark matter constraints from a joint analysis of dwarf Spheroidal galaxy observations with VERITAS journal, April 2017

Geometric compatibility of IceCube TeV-PeV neutrino excess and its galactic dark matter origin journal, January 2016

New limits on the dark matter lifetime from dwarf spheroidal galaxies using Fermi-LAT journal, May 2016

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Case for a 700 + GeV WIMP: Cosmic ray spectra from PAMELA, Fermi, and ATIC journal, December 2009

Are IceCube neutrinos unveiling PeV-scale decaying dark matter? journal, November 2013

Sommerfeld enhancements for thermal relic dark matter journal, October 2010

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Supersymmetric dark matter journal, March 1996

Boosted dark matter in IceCube and at the galactic center journal, April 2015

A NEW FAINT MILKY WAY SATELLITE DISCOVERED IN THE PAN-STARRS1 3 π SURVEY journal, March 2015

Can the WIMP annihilation boost factor be boosted by the Sommerfeld enhancement? journal, April 2009

A Universal Density Profile from Hierarchical Clustering journal, December 1997

On the Problem of the Most Efficient Tests of Statistical Hypotheses journal, January 1933

Review of Particle Physics journal, October 2016

Statistics, Handle with Care: Detecting Multiple Model Components with the Likelihood Ratio Test journal, May 2002

An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2 journal, June 2015

PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual journal, May 2006

The Large-Sample Distribution of the Likelihood Ratio for Testing Composite Hypotheses journal, March 1938

Search for neutrinos from decaying dark matter with IceCube text, January 2018

Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector
journal, November 2013

First Observation of PeV-Energy Neutrinos with IceCube
journal, July 2013

Multiwavelength follow-up of a rare IceCube neutrino multiplet
journal, November 2017

Observation and Spectral Measurements of the crab Nebula with Milagro
journal, April 2012

Observation of the Crab Nebula with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory
journal, June 2017

Sensitivity of HAWC to high-mass dark matter annihilations
journal, December 2014

Search for dark matter annihilation signatures in H.E.S.S. observations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies
journal, December 2014

Dark matter constraints from observations of 25 Milky Way satellite galaxies with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
journal, February 2014

Limits to dark matter annihilation cross-section from a combined analysis of MAGIC and Fermi-LAT observations of dwarf satellite galaxies
journal, February 2016

VERITAS deep observations of the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Segue 1
journal, March 2012

Effects of bound states on dark matter annihilation
journal, June 2016

Dark matter constraints from a joint analysis of dwarf Spheroidal galaxy observations with VERITAS
journal, April 2017

Geometric compatibility of IceCube TeV-PeV neutrino excess and its galactic dark matter origin
journal, January 2016

New limits on the dark matter lifetime from dwarf spheroidal galaxies using Fermi-LAT
journal, May 2016

PeV-scale dark matter as a thermal relic of a decoupled sector
journal, September 2016

CLUMPY : Jeans analysis, $γ$ -ray and $ν$ fluxes from dark matter (sub-)structures
journal, March 2016

Decaying leptophilic dark matter at IceCube
journal, December 2015

Case for a $700 + GeV$ WIMP: Cosmic ray spectra from PAMELA, Fermi, and ATIC
journal, December 2009

Are IceCube neutrinos unveiling PeV-scale decaying dark matter?
journal, November 2013

Sommerfeld enhancements for thermal relic dark matter
journal, October 2010

Dwarf Galaxy Annihilation and Decay Emission Profiles for dark Matter Experiments
journal, March 2015

Dark matter annihilation and decay from non-spherical dark halos in galactic dwarf satellites
journal, June 2016

Supersymmetric dark matter
journal, March 1996

Boosted dark matter in IceCube and at the galactic center
journal, April 2015

A NEW FAINT MILKY WAY SATELLITE DISCOVERED IN THE PAN-STARRS1 3 π SURVEY
journal, March 2015

Can the WIMP annihilation boost factor be boosted by the Sommerfeld enhancement?
journal, April 2009

A Universal Density Profile from Hierarchical Clustering
journal, December 1997

On the Problem of the Most Efficient Tests of Statistical Hypotheses
journal, January 1933

Review of Particle Physics
journal, October 2016

Statistics, Handle with Care: Detecting Multiple Model Components with the Likelihood Ratio Test
journal, May 2002

An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2
journal, June 2015

PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual
journal, May 2006

The Large-Sample Distribution of the Likelihood Ratio for Testing Composite Hypotheses
journal, March 1938

Search for neutrinos from decaying dark matter with IceCube
text, January 2018