Sifting for Sapphires: Systematic Selection of Tidal Disruption Events in iPTF
Abstract
We present results from a systematic selection of tidal disruption events (TDEs) in a wide-area (4800~deg2), g+R band, Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) experiment. Our selection targets typical optically-selected TDEs: bright (>60\% flux increase) and blue transients residing in the center of red galaxies. Using photometric selection criteria to down-select from a total of 493 nuclear transients to a sample of 26 sources, we then use follow-up UV imaging with the Neil Gehrels Swift Telescope, ground-based optical spectroscopy, and light curve fitting to classify them as 14 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), 9 highly variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs), 2 confirmed TDEs, and 1 potential core-collapse supernova. We find it possible to filter AGNs by employing a more stringent transient color cut (g-r< -0.2 mag); further, UV imaging is the best discriminator for filtering SNe, since SNe Ia can appear as blue, optically, as TDEs in their early phases. However, when UV-optical color is unavailable, higher precision astrometry can also effectively reduce SNe contamination in the optical. Our most stringent optical photometric selection criteria yields a 4.5:1 contamination rate, allowing for a manageable number of TDE candidates for complete spectroscopic follow-up and real-time classification in the ZTF era. We measure a TDE per galaxy rate of $$1.7^{+2.9}_{-1.3}$$ ×10-4 gal-1 yr-1 (90% CL in Poisson statistics). This does not account for TDEs outside our selection criteria, thus may not reflect the total TDE population, which is yet to be fully mapped.
- Authors:
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[1];
[1];
[2];
[3];
[4];
[4];
[4];
[5];
[4];
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- Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
- Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)
- Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); New York Univ. (NYU), NY (United States)
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)
- Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). The Niels Bohr Inst.
- National Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu (Taiwan)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1479447
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal. Supplement Series (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Supplement Series (Online); Journal Volume: 238; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4365
- Publisher:
- American Astronomical Society/IOP
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Citation Formats
Hung, T., Gezari, S., Cenko, S. B., Velzen, S. van, Blagorodnova, N., Yan, Lin, Kulkarni, S. R., Lunnan, R., Kupfer, T., Leloudas, G., Kong, A. K. H., Nugent, P. E., Fremling, C., Laher, Russ R., Masci, F. J., Cao, Y., Roy, R., and Petrushevska, T. Sifting for Sapphires: Systematic Selection of Tidal Disruption Events in iPTF. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aad8b1.
Hung, T., Gezari, S., Cenko, S. B., Velzen, S. van, Blagorodnova, N., Yan, Lin, Kulkarni, S. R., Lunnan, R., Kupfer, T., Leloudas, G., Kong, A. K. H., Nugent, P. E., Fremling, C., Laher, Russ R., Masci, F. J., Cao, Y., Roy, R., & Petrushevska, T. Sifting for Sapphires: Systematic Selection of Tidal Disruption Events in iPTF. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aad8b1
Hung, T., Gezari, S., Cenko, S. B., Velzen, S. van, Blagorodnova, N., Yan, Lin, Kulkarni, S. R., Lunnan, R., Kupfer, T., Leloudas, G., Kong, A. K. H., Nugent, P. E., Fremling, C., Laher, Russ R., Masci, F. J., Cao, Y., Roy, R., and Petrushevska, T. Thu .
"Sifting for Sapphires: Systematic Selection of Tidal Disruption Events in iPTF". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aad8b1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1479447.
@article{osti_1479447,
title = {Sifting for Sapphires: Systematic Selection of Tidal Disruption Events in iPTF},
author = {Hung, T. and Gezari, S. and Cenko, S. B. and Velzen, S. van and Blagorodnova, N. and Yan, Lin and Kulkarni, S. R. and Lunnan, R. and Kupfer, T. and Leloudas, G. and Kong, A. K. H. and Nugent, P. E. and Fremling, C. and Laher, Russ R. and Masci, F. J. and Cao, Y. and Roy, R. and Petrushevska, T.},
abstractNote = {We present results from a systematic selection of tidal disruption events (TDEs) in a wide-area (4800~deg2), g+R band, Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) experiment. Our selection targets typical optically-selected TDEs: bright (>60\% flux increase) and blue transients residing in the center of red galaxies. Using photometric selection criteria to down-select from a total of 493 nuclear transients to a sample of 26 sources, we then use follow-up UV imaging with the Neil Gehrels Swift Telescope, ground-based optical spectroscopy, and light curve fitting to classify them as 14 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), 9 highly variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs), 2 confirmed TDEs, and 1 potential core-collapse supernova. We find it possible to filter AGNs by employing a more stringent transient color cut (g-r< -0.2 mag); further, UV imaging is the best discriminator for filtering SNe, since SNe Ia can appear as blue, optically, as TDEs in their early phases. However, when UV-optical color is unavailable, higher precision astrometry can also effectively reduce SNe contamination in the optical. Our most stringent optical photometric selection criteria yields a 4.5:1 contamination rate, allowing for a manageable number of TDE candidates for complete spectroscopic follow-up and real-time classification in the ZTF era. We measure a TDE per galaxy rate of $1.7^{+2.9}_{-1.3}$ ×10-4 gal-1 yr-1 (90% CL in Poisson statistics). This does not account for TDEs outside our selection criteria, thus may not reflect the total TDE population, which is yet to be fully mapped.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4365/aad8b1},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal. Supplement Series (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 238,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Thu Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 879, Issue 2
A New Class of Changing-look LINERs
journal, September 2019
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Implications from Late-time X-Ray Detections of Optically Selected Tidal Disruption Events: State Changes, Unification, and Detection Rates
journal, February 2020
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- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2
Late-time UV observations of tidal disruption flares reveal unobscured, compact accretion disks
text, January 2018
- van Velzen, Sjoert; Stone, Nicholas C.; Metzger, Brian D.
- arXiv
Discovery of Highly Blueshifted Broad Balmer and Metastable Helium Absorption Lines in a Tidal Disruption Event
text, January 2019
- Hung, T.; Cenko, S. B.; Roth, Nathaniel
- arXiv
Polarimetry of relativistic tidal disruption event Swift J2058+0516
text, January 2019
- Wiersema, K.; Higgins, A. B.; Levan, A. J.
- arXiv
Radio Properties of Tidal Disruption Events
journal, June 2020
- Alexander, Kate D.; van Velzen, Sjoert; Horesh, Assaf
- Space Science Reviews, Vol. 216, Issue 5
Atmospheric Pollution Mapping of the Yangtze River Basin: An AQI-Based Weighted Co-Word Analysis
journal, January 2020
- Song, Yu; Liu, Bingrui; Chen, Xiaohong
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 17, Issue 3
Radiative Emission Mechanisms of Tidal Disruption Events
text, January 2020
- Roth, Nathaniel; Rossi, Elena M.; Krolik, Julian H.
- arXiv