Predicting the mineral composition of dust aerosols – Part 1: Representing key processes
Abstract
Soil dust aerosols created by wind erosion are typically assigned globally uniform physical and chemical properties within Earth system models, despite known regional variations in the mineral content of the parent soil. Mineral composition of the aerosol particles is important to their interaction with climate, including shortwave absorption and radiative forcing, nucleation of cloud droplets and ice crystals, heterogeneous formation of sulfates and nitrates, and atmospheric processing of iron into bioavailable forms that increase the productivity of marine phytoplankton. Here, aerosol mineral composition is derived by extending a method that provides the composition of a wet-sieved soil. The extension accounts for measurements showing significant differences between the mineral fractions of the wet-sieved soil and the emitted aerosol concentration. For example, some phyllosilicate aerosols are more prevalent at silt sizes, even though they are nearly absent at these diameters in a soil whose aggregates are dispersed by wet sieving. We calculate the emitted mass of each mineral with respect to size by accounting for the disintegration of soil aggregates during wet sieving. These aggregates are emitted during mobilization and fragmentation of the original undispersed soil that is subject to wind erosion. The emitted aggregates are carried far downwind from their parentmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics; NASA Goddard Inst. for Space Studies (GISS), New York, NY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1441392
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0006713
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 20; Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
- Publisher:
- European Geosciences Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Perlwitz, J. P., Perez Garcia-Pando, C., and Miller, R. L. Predicting the mineral composition of dust aerosols – Part 1: Representing key processes. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.5194/acp-15-11593-2015.
Perlwitz, J. P., Perez Garcia-Pando, C., & Miller, R. L. Predicting the mineral composition of dust aerosols – Part 1: Representing key processes. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11593-2015
Perlwitz, J. P., Perez Garcia-Pando, C., and Miller, R. L. Wed .
"Predicting the mineral composition of dust aerosols – Part 1: Representing key processes". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11593-2015. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1441392.
@article{osti_1441392,
title = {Predicting the mineral composition of dust aerosols – Part 1: Representing key processes},
author = {Perlwitz, J. P. and Perez Garcia-Pando, C. and Miller, R. L.},
abstractNote = {Soil dust aerosols created by wind erosion are typically assigned globally uniform physical and chemical properties within Earth system models, despite known regional variations in the mineral content of the parent soil. Mineral composition of the aerosol particles is important to their interaction with climate, including shortwave absorption and radiative forcing, nucleation of cloud droplets and ice crystals, heterogeneous formation of sulfates and nitrates, and atmospheric processing of iron into bioavailable forms that increase the productivity of marine phytoplankton. Here, aerosol mineral composition is derived by extending a method that provides the composition of a wet-sieved soil. The extension accounts for measurements showing significant differences between the mineral fractions of the wet-sieved soil and the emitted aerosol concentration. For example, some phyllosilicate aerosols are more prevalent at silt sizes, even though they are nearly absent at these diameters in a soil whose aggregates are dispersed by wet sieving. We calculate the emitted mass of each mineral with respect to size by accounting for the disintegration of soil aggregates during wet sieving. These aggregates are emitted during mobilization and fragmentation of the original undispersed soil that is subject to wind erosion. The emitted aggregates are carried far downwind from their parent soil. The soil mineral fractions used to calculate the aggregates also include larger particles that are suspended only in the vicinity of the source. We calculate the emitted size distribution of these particles using a normalized distribution derived from aerosol measurements. In addition, a method is proposed for mixing minerals with small impurities composed of iron oxides. These mixtures are important for transporting iron far from the dust source, because pure iron oxides are more dense and vulnerable to gravitational removal than most minerals comprising dust aerosols. Finally, a limited comparison to measurements from North Africa shows that the model extensions result in better agreement, consistent with a more extensive comparison to global observations as well as measurements of elemental composition downwind of the Sahara, as described in companion articles.},
doi = {10.5194/acp-15-11593-2015},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)},
number = 20,
volume = 15,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Oct 21 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Wed Oct 21 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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