Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in U235

Ponce, F.; Swanberg, E.; Burke, J.; Henderson, R.; Friedrich, S.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054310

Title: Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in ${}^{235}U$

Abstract

In this paper, we have used superconducting high-resolution radiation detectors to measure the energy level of metastable $$^{235m}\mathrm{U}$$ as 76.737 ± 0.018 eV. The $$^{235m}\mathrm{U}$$ isomer is created from the α decay of $$^{239}\mathrm{Pu}$$ and embedded directly into the detector. When the $$^{235m}\mathrm{U}$$ subsequently decays, the energy is fully contained within the detector and is independent of the decay mode or the chemical state of the uranium. The detector is calibrated using an energy comb from a pulsed UV laser. Finally, a comparable measurement of the metastable $$^{229m}\mathrm{Th}$$ nucleus would enable a laser search for the exact transition energy in $$^{229}\mathrm{Th}{-}^{229m}\mathrm{Th}$$ as a step towards developing the first ever nuclear (baryonic) clock.

Authors:

Ponce, F. ^[1]; Swanberg, E. ^[1]; Burke, J. ^[1]; Henderson, R. ^[1]; Friedrich, S. ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); STAR Cryoelectronics LLC, Santa Fe, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

OSTI Identifier:: 1436587

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1436821

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0004359; SC0006214; AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 97; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; isomer decays; lifetimes & widths; spectrometers & spectroscopic techniques

Citation Formats


                    Ponce, F., Swanberg, E., Burke, J., Henderson, R., and Friedrich, S. Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in U235.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054310.

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                    Ponce, F., Swanberg, E., Burke, J., Henderson, R., & Friedrich, S. Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in U235.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054310

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                    Ponce, F., Swanberg, E., Burke, J., Henderson, R., and Friedrich, S. Thu .  
"Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in U235".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054310.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1436587.

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@article{osti_1436587,

  title        = {Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in U235},

  author       = {Ponce, F. and Swanberg, E. and Burke, J. and Henderson, R. and Friedrich, S.},

  abstractNote = {In this paper, we have used superconducting high-resolution radiation detectors to measure the energy level of metastable $^{235m}\mathrm{U}$ as 76.737 ± 0.018 eV. The $^{235m}\mathrm{U}$ isomer is created from the α decay of $^{239}\mathrm{Pu}$ and embedded directly into the detector. When the $^{235m}\mathrm{U}$ subsequently decays, the energy is fully contained within the detector and is independent of the decay mode or the chemical state of the uranium. The detector is calibrated using an energy comb from a pulsed UV laser. Finally, a comparable measurement of the metastable $^{229m}\mathrm{Th}$ nucleus would enable a laser search for the exact transition energy in $^{229}\mathrm{Th}{-}^{229m}\mathrm{Th}$ as a step towards developing the first ever nuclear (baryonic) clock.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054310},

  journal      = {Physical Review C},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 97,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Thu May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Performance of Tantalum STJ X-ray Detectors at Elevated Count Rates
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Title: Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in U 235

Abstract

Citation Formats

Results of a Direct Search Using Synchrotron Radiation for the Low-Energy Th 229 Nuclear Isomeric Transition journal, June 2015

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 235 journal, November 2014

Reexamination of the Optical Gamma Ray Decay in T 229 h journal, January 1999

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Spontaneous Ultraviolet Emission from 233 Uranium / T 229 horium Samples journal, February 1999

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Observation of Electromagnetic Radiation from Deexcitation of the 229 Th Isomer journal, August 1997

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On the factors governing the energy resolution of Ta-based superconducting tunnel junctions journal, December 1999

Comment on “Observation of the Deexcitation of the Th 229 m Nuclear Isomer” journal, July 2013

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Temperature dependence of the emission cross section of Nd:YVO_4 around 1064 nm and consequences on laser operation journal, January 2011

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Constraining the Evolution of the Fundamental Constants with a Solid-State Optical Frequency Reference Based on the Th 229 Nucleus journal, May 2010

Nuclear laser spectroscopy of the 3.5 eV transition in Th-229 journal, January 2003

Search for decay of the 3.5-eV level in 229 Th journal, June 2001

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Superconducting tunnel junction detectors for extreme ultraviolet applications journal, June 2003

Observation of the Deexcitation of the Th 229 m Nuclear Isomer journal, October 2012

The potential of continuous, local atomic clock measurements for earthquake prediction and volcanology text, January 2015

A Single-Ion Nuclear Clock for Metrology at the 19th Decimal Place text, January 2011

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Direct detection of the 229Th nuclear clock transition text, January 2017

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Title: Accurate measurement of the first excited nuclear state in ${}^{235}U$

Results of a Direct Search Using Synchrotron Radiation for the Low-Energy ${}^{229}{Th}$ Nuclear Isomeric Transition
journal, June 2015

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 235
journal, November 2014

Reexamination of the Optical Gamma Ray Decay in ${}^{229}T h$
journal, January 1999

High density processing electronics for superconducting tunnel junction x-ray detector arrays
journal, June 2015

Spontaneous Ultraviolet Emission from $^{233} Uranium / {}^{229}T horium$ Samples
journal, February 1999

Energy Splitting of the Ground-State Doublet in the Nucleus ${}^{229}{Th}$
journal, April 2007

Direct detection of the 229Th nuclear clock transition
journal, May 2016

Hunting for topological dark matter with atomic clocks
journal, November 2014

Observation of Electromagnetic Radiation from Deexcitation of the $^{229}$ Th Isomer
journal, August 1997

Ultraviolet Photon Emission Observed in the Search for the Decay of the $^{229} Th$ Isomer
journal, April 1998

On the factors governing the energy resolution of Ta-based superconducting tunnel junctions
journal, December 1999

Comment on “Observation of the Deexcitation of the ${}^{229 m}{Th}$ Nuclear Isomer”
journal, July 2013

Radioactive Origin of Emissions Observed from Uranium Compounds and Their Silica Cells
journal, November 1999

Development of Ta-Based Superconducting Tunnel Junction X-Ray Detector Arrays
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Superconducting Tunnel Junctions for High-Precision EUV Spectroscopy
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ROOT — An object oriented data analysis framework
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The potential of continuous, local atomic clock measurements for earthquake prediction and volcanology
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Temperature dependence of the emission cross section of Nd:YVO_4 around 1064 nm and consequences on laser operation
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Wavelengths of spectral lines in mercury pencil lamps
journal, January 1996

Lifetime Measurement of the ${}^{229}{Th}$ nuclear isomer
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Reevaluation of X-Ray Atomic Energy Levels
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Gravitational wave detection with optical lattice atomic clocks
journal, December 2016

Constraining the Evolution of the Fundamental Constants with a Solid-State Optical Frequency Reference Based on the ${}^{229}{Th}$ Nucleus
journal, May 2010

Nuclear laser spectroscopy of the 3.5 eV transition in Th-229
journal, January 2003

Search for decay of the 3.5-eV level in $^{229} Th$
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Noise mechanisms in superconducting tunnel-junction detectors
journal, June 2000

Single-Ion Nuclear Clock for Metrology at the 19th Decimal Place
journal, March 2012

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Observation of the Deexcitation of the ${}^{229 m}{Th}$ Nuclear Isomer
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Gravitational wave detection with optical lattice atomic clocks
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Direct detection of the 229Th nuclear clock transition
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Performance of Tantalum STJ X-ray Detectors at Elevated Count Rates
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