Reverse engineering nuclear properties from rare earth abundances in the r process
Abstract
The bulk of the rare earth elements are believed to be synthesized in the rapid neutron capture process or r process of nucleosynthesis. The solar r-process residuals show a small peak in the rare earths around $$A\sim 160$$, which is proposed to be formed dynamically during the end phase of the r process by a pileup of material. This abundance feature is of particular importance as it is sensitive to both the nuclear physics inputs and the astrophysical conditions of the main r process. We explore the formation of the rare earth peak from the perspective of an inverse problem, using Monte Carlo studies of nuclear masses to investigate the unknown nuclear properties required to best match rare earth abundance sector of the solar isotopic residuals. When nuclear masses are changed, we recalculate the relevant β-decay properties and neutron capture rates in the rare earth region. The feedback provided by this observational constraint allows for the reverse engineering of nuclear properties far from stability where no experimental information exists. We investigate a range of astrophysical conditions with this method and show how these lead to different predictions in the nuclear properties influential to the formation of the rare earth peak. We conclude that targeted experimental campaigns in this region will help to resolve the type of conditions responsible for the production of the rare earth nuclei, and will provide new insights into the longstanding problem of the astrophysical site(s) of the r process.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[4]
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States). Dept. of Physics
- Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States). Dept. of Physics
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Physics Division
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1419747
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1460177
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-16-27225
Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899; TRN: US1801383
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396; SC0013039; FG02-02ER41216; PHY1554876; PHY0822648; PHY1419765
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 44; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Atomic and Nuclear Physics; Astronomy and Astrophysics; nuclear masses; r-process
Citation Formats
Mumpower, Matthew Ryan, McLaughlin, G. C., Surman, R., and Steiner, A. W. Reverse engineering nuclear properties from rare earth abundances in the r process. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1088/1361-6471/44/3/034003.
Mumpower, Matthew Ryan, McLaughlin, G. C., Surman, R., & Steiner, A. W. Reverse engineering nuclear properties from rare earth abundances in the r process. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/44/3/034003
Mumpower, Matthew Ryan, McLaughlin, G. C., Surman, R., and Steiner, A. W. Wed .
"Reverse engineering nuclear properties from rare earth abundances in the r process". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/44/3/034003. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1419747.
@article{osti_1419747,
title = {Reverse engineering nuclear properties from rare earth abundances in the r process},
author = {Mumpower, Matthew Ryan and McLaughlin, G. C. and Surman, R. and Steiner, A. W.},
abstractNote = {The bulk of the rare earth elements are believed to be synthesized in the rapid neutron capture process or r process of nucleosynthesis. The solar r-process residuals show a small peak in the rare earths around $A\sim 160$, which is proposed to be formed dynamically during the end phase of the r process by a pileup of material. This abundance feature is of particular importance as it is sensitive to both the nuclear physics inputs and the astrophysical conditions of the main r process. We explore the formation of the rare earth peak from the perspective of an inverse problem, using Monte Carlo studies of nuclear masses to investigate the unknown nuclear properties required to best match rare earth abundance sector of the solar isotopic residuals. When nuclear masses are changed, we recalculate the relevant β-decay properties and neutron capture rates in the rare earth region. The feedback provided by this observational constraint allows for the reverse engineering of nuclear properties far from stability where no experimental information exists. We investigate a range of astrophysical conditions with this method and show how these lead to different predictions in the nuclear properties influential to the formation of the rare earth peak. We conclude that targeted experimental campaigns in this region will help to resolve the type of conditions responsible for the production of the rare earth nuclei, and will provide new insights into the longstanding problem of the astrophysical site(s) of the r process.},
doi = {10.1088/1361-6471/44/3/034003},
journal = {Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics},
number = 3,
volume = 44,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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Recent direct reaction experimental studies with radioactive tin beams
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Impact of nuclear mass uncertainties on the $r$-process
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The link between rare earth peak formation and the astrophysical site of the $r$ process
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