Effects of Incorporating High-Volume Fly Ash into Tricalcium Silicate on the Degree of Silicate Polymerization and Aluminum Substitution for Silicon in Calcium Silicate Hydrate
Abstract
This study assesses the quantitative effects of incorporating high-volume fly ash (HVFA) into tricalcium silicate (C3S) paste on the hydration, degree of silicate polymerization, and Al substitution for Si in calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H). Thermogravimetric analysis and isothermal conduction calorimetry showed that, although the induction period of C3S hydration was significantly extended, the degree of hydration of C3S after the deceleration period increased due to HVFA incorporation. Synchrotron-sourced soft X-ray spectromicroscopy further showed that most of the C3S in the C3S-HVFA paste was fully hydrated after 28 days of hydration, while that in the pure C3S paste was not. The chemical shifts of the Si K edge peaks in the near-edge X-ray fine structure of C–S–H in the C3S-HVFA paste directly indicate that Al substitutes for Si in C–S–H and that the additional silicate provided by the HVFA induces an enhanced degree of silicate polymerization. This new spectromicroscopic approach, supplemented with 27Al and 29Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, turned out to be a powerful characterization tool for studying a local atomic binding structure of C–S–H in C3S-HVFA system and presented results consistent with previous literature.
- Authors:
-
- Hanyang Univ., Seoul (Korea)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- National Univ. of Singapore (Singapore)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1413716
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1996-1944
- Publisher:
- MDPI
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; calcium silicate hydrate; tricalcium silicate; fly ash; hydration products; X-ray microscopy
Citation Formats
Bae, Sungchul, Taylor, Rae, Kilcoyne, David, Moon, Juhyuk, and Monteiro, Paulo J. M. Effects of Incorporating High-Volume Fly Ash into Tricalcium Silicate on the Degree of Silicate Polymerization and Aluminum Substitution for Silicon in Calcium Silicate Hydrate. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.3390/ma10020131.
Bae, Sungchul, Taylor, Rae, Kilcoyne, David, Moon, Juhyuk, & Monteiro, Paulo J. M. Effects of Incorporating High-Volume Fly Ash into Tricalcium Silicate on the Degree of Silicate Polymerization and Aluminum Substitution for Silicon in Calcium Silicate Hydrate. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020131
Bae, Sungchul, Taylor, Rae, Kilcoyne, David, Moon, Juhyuk, and Monteiro, Paulo J. M. Sat .
"Effects of Incorporating High-Volume Fly Ash into Tricalcium Silicate on the Degree of Silicate Polymerization and Aluminum Substitution for Silicon in Calcium Silicate Hydrate". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020131. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1413716.
@article{osti_1413716,
title = {Effects of Incorporating High-Volume Fly Ash into Tricalcium Silicate on the Degree of Silicate Polymerization and Aluminum Substitution for Silicon in Calcium Silicate Hydrate},
author = {Bae, Sungchul and Taylor, Rae and Kilcoyne, David and Moon, Juhyuk and Monteiro, Paulo J. M.},
abstractNote = {This study assesses the quantitative effects of incorporating high-volume fly ash (HVFA) into tricalcium silicate (C3S) paste on the hydration, degree of silicate polymerization, and Al substitution for Si in calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H). Thermogravimetric analysis and isothermal conduction calorimetry showed that, although the induction period of C3S hydration was significantly extended, the degree of hydration of C3S after the deceleration period increased due to HVFA incorporation. Synchrotron-sourced soft X-ray spectromicroscopy further showed that most of the C3S in the C3S-HVFA paste was fully hydrated after 28 days of hydration, while that in the pure C3S paste was not. The chemical shifts of the Si K edge peaks in the near-edge X-ray fine structure of C–S–H in the C3S-HVFA paste directly indicate that Al substitutes for Si in C–S–H and that the additional silicate provided by the HVFA induces an enhanced degree of silicate polymerization. This new spectromicroscopic approach, supplemented with 27Al and 29Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, turned out to be a powerful characterization tool for studying a local atomic binding structure of C–S–H in C3S-HVFA system and presented results consistent with previous literature.},
doi = {10.3390/ma10020131},
journal = {Materials},
number = 2,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Feb 04 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Sat Feb 04 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 15 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Analytical Electron Microscopy of Cement Pastes: I, Tricalcium Silicate Pastes
journal, May 1980
- Card, J. A.; Mohan, K.; Taylor, H. F. W.
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 63, Issue 5-6
Experimental study of Si–Al substitution in calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) prepared under equilibrium conditions
journal, August 2009
- Pardal, Xiaolin; Pochard, Isabelle; Nonat, André
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 39, Issue 8
Hydration of water- and alkali-activated white Portland cement pastes and blends with low-calcium pulverized fuel ash
journal, May 2016
- Richardson, I. G.; Girão, A. V.; Taylor, R.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 83
In situ solid-state NMR studies of Ca3SiO5: hydration at room temperature and at elevated temperatures using 29Si enrichment
journal, August 1994
- Brough, A. R.; Dobson, C. M.; Richardson, I. G.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 29, Issue 15
Degree of hydration and gel/space ratio of high-volume fly ash/cement systems
journal, May 2000
- Lam, L.; Wong, Y. L.; Poon, C. S.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 30, Issue 5
In Situ Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy of Early Tricalcium Silicate Hydration
journal, December 2016
- Bae, Sungchul; Kanematsu, Manabu; Hernández-Cruz, Daniel
- Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 12
Aluminum Incorporation to Dreierketten Silicate Chains
journal, March 2009
- Manzano, H.; Dolado, J. S.; Ayuela, A.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 113, Issue 9
Soft X‐ray Spectromicroscopic Investigation of Synthetic C‐S‐H and C 3 S Hydration Products
journal, June 2015
- Bae, Sungchul; Taylor, Rae; Hernández‐Cruz, Daniel
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 98, Issue 9
Characterization of morphology and hydration products of high-volume fly ash paste by monochromatic scanning x-ray micro-diffraction (μ-SXRD)
journal, May 2014
- Bae, Sungchul; Meral, Cagla; Oh, Jae-eun
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 59
Location of Aluminum in Substituted Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H) Gels as Determined by 29Si and 27Al NMR and EELS
journal, September 1993
- Richardson, Ian G.; Brough, Adrian R.; Brydson, Rik
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 76, Issue 9
Influence of calcium to silica ratio on aluminium uptake in calcium silicate hydrate
journal, July 2016
- L’Hôpital, E.; Lothenbach, B.; Kulik, D. A.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 85
Aluminium-27 solid state NMR spectroscopic studies of chloride binding in Portland cement and blends
journal, January 2000
- Chudek, J. A.; Hunter, G.; Jones, M. R.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 35, Issue 17, p. 4275-4288
Supplementary cementitious materials
journal, December 2011
- Lothenbach, Barbara; Scrivener, Karen; Hooton, R. D.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 41, Issue 12
2 p x-ray absorption of 3 d transition-metal compounds: An atomic multiplet description including the crystal field
journal, September 1990
- de Groot, F. M. F.; Fuggle, J. C.; Thole, B. T.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 42, Issue 9
Chemical Shifts of Silicon X-ray Photoelectron Spectra by Polymerization Structures of Silicates
journal, July 1998
- Okada, Kiyoshi; Kameshima, Yoshikazu; Yasumori, Atsuo
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 81, Issue 7
Transmission Electron Microscopy and Microanalytical Studies of Ion-Beam-Thinned Sections of Tricalcium Silicate Paste
journal, April 1986
- Groves, G. W.; Sueur, P. J.; Sinclair, W.
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 69, Issue 4
Incorporation of Aluminum in the Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C−S−H) of Hydrated Portland Cements: A High-Field 27 Al and 29 Si MAS NMR Investigation
journal, April 2003
- Andersen, Morten Daugaard; Jakobsen, Hans J.; Skibsted, Jørgen
- Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 7
Incorporation of aluminium in calcium-silicate-hydrates
journal, September 2015
- L’Hôpital, E.; Lothenbach, B.; Le Saout, G.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 75
Composition, morphology and nanostructure of C–S–H in white Portland cement pastes hydrated at 55 °C
journal, December 2007
- Girão, A. V.; Richardson, I. G.; Porteneuve, C. B.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 37, Issue 12
27 Al and 29 Si Solid-State NMR Characterization of Calcium-Aluminosilicate-Hydrate
journal, January 2012
- Pardal, Xiaolin; Brunet, Francine; Charpentier, Thibault
- Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 51, Issue 3
Effect of polymers on the nanostructure and on the carbonation of calcium silicate hydrates: a scanning transmission X-ray microscopy study
journal, September 2011
- Ha, J.; Chae, S.; Chou, K. W.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 47, Issue 2
Adiabatically cured, alkali-activated cement-based wasteforms containing high levels of fly ash
journal, October 2001
- Brough, A. R.; Katz, A.; Sun, G. -K
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 31, Issue 10
Octahedral versus tetrahedral coordination of Al in synthetic micas determined by XANES
journal, June 1997
- Mottana, Annibale; Robert, Jean-Louis; Marcelli, Augusto
- American Mineralogist, Vol. 82, Issue 5-6
Early-age strength properties, and freezing and thawing resistance of concrete incorporating high volumes of ASTM class F fly ash
journal, February 1989
- Malhotra, V. M.; Painter, K. E.
- International Journal of Cement Composites and Lightweight Concrete, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Hydration of C3S thin films
journal, April 2012
- Rheinheimer, Vanessa; Casanova, Ignasi
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 42, Issue 4
Hydration of tricalcium silicate in the presence of synthetic calcium–silicate–hydrate
journal, January 2009
- Alizadeh, Rouhollah; Raki, Laila; Makar, Jon M.
- Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 19, Issue 42
Characterisation of crystalline C-S-H phases by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, June 2003
- Black, Leon; Garbev, Krassimir; Stemmermann, Peter
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 33, Issue 6
29Si MAS NMR study of the structure of calcium silicate hydrate
journal, April 1996
- Cong, Xiandong; Kirkpatrick, R. James
- Advanced Cement Based Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 3-4
Calcium L -edge XANES study of some calcium compounds
journal, March 2001
- Naftel, S. J.; Sham, T. K.; Yiu, Y. M.
- Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Hydration of Portland cement with high replacement by siliceous fly ash
journal, October 2012
- Deschner, Florian; Winnefeld, Frank; Lothenbach, Barbara
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 42, Issue 10
Effect of particle size distribution of fly ash–cement system on the fluidity of cement pastes
journal, May 2003
- Lee, Seung Heun; Kim, Hong Joo; Sakai, Etsuo
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 33, Issue 5
Aluminum Incorporation in Calcium Silicate Hydrates (C−S−H) Depending on Their Ca/Si Ratio
journal, September 1999
- Faucon, P.; Delagrave, A.; Richet, C.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 103, Issue 37
Soft X‐ray Ptychographic Imaging and Morphological Quantification of Calcium Silicate Hydrates (C–S–H)
journal, August 2015
- Bae, Sungchul; Taylor, Rae; Shapiro, David
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 98, Issue 12
Silicon K-edge XANES spectra of silicate minerals
journal, March 1995
- Li, Dien; Bancroft, G. M.; Fleet, M. E.
- Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 22, Issue 2
Model structures for C-(A)-S-H(I)
journal, November 2014
- Richardson, Ian G.
- Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials, Vol. 70, Issue 6, p. 903-923
Influence of Nucleation Seeding on the Hydration Mechanisms of Tricalcium Silicate and Cement
journal, February 2009
- Thomas, Jeffrey J.; Jennings, Hamlin M.; Chen, Jeffrey J.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 113, Issue 11
Structure of Portland Cement Pastes Blended with Sonicated Silica Fume
journal, October 2012
- Rodríguez, Erich D.; Bernal, Susan A.; Provis, John L.
- Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, Vol. 24, Issue 10
The role of Al in C–S–H: NMR, XRD, and compositional results for precipitated samples
journal, January 2006
- Sun, G. K.; Young, J. Francis; Kirkpatrick, R. James
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 36, Issue 1
The incorporation of minor and trace elements into calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel in hardened cement pastes
journal, January 1993
- Richardson, I. G.; Groves, G. W.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 23, Issue 1
The nature of C-S-H in hardened cements
journal, August 1999
- Richardson, I. G.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, Issue 8
A trimethylsilylation study of tricalcium silicate pastes
journal, January 1982
- Mohan, K.; Taylor, H. F. W.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Hydration of Portland cement followed by29Si solid-state NMR spectroscopy
journal, October 1985
- Barnes, J. R.; Clague, A. D. H.; Clayden, N. J.
- Journal of Materials Science Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 10
The calcium silicate hydrates
journal, February 2008
- Richardson, I. G.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 38, Issue 2
The mechanism of the hydration in the system C3S-pozzolana
journal, September 1980
- Ogawa, K.; Uchikawa, H.; Takemoto, K.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 10, Issue 5
Optimization of cement and fly ash particle sizes to produce sustainable concretes
journal, September 2011
- Bentz, Dale P.; Hansen, Andrew S.; Guynn, John M.
- Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 33, Issue 8
Composition, morphology and nanostructure of C–S–H in 70% white Portland cement–30% fly ash blends hydrated at 55°C.
journal, September 2010
- Girão, A. V.; Richardson, I. G.; Taylor, R.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 40, Issue 9
A beamline for high-pressure studies at the Advanced Light Source with a superconducting bending magnet as the source
journal, August 2005
- Kunz, Martin; MacDowell, Alastair A.; Caldwell, Wendel A.
- Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 12, Issue 5
Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopic Study of Carbonated Calcium Silicate Hydrate
journal, January 2010
- Ha, J.; Chae, S.; Chou, K. W.
- Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 2142, Issue 1
Direct observation of aluminium guest ions in the silicate phases of cement minerals by 27 Al MAS NMR spectroscopy
journal, January 1994
- Skibsted, J�rgen; Jakobsen, Hans J.; Hall, Christopher
- Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, Vol. 90, Issue 14
Characterization of calcium aluminate phases in cements by aluminum-27 MAS NMR spectroscopy
journal, March 1993
- Skibsted, Joergen; Henderson, Eric; Jakobsen, Hans J.
- Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 32, Issue 6
The characterization of hardened alkali-activated blast-furnace slag pastes and the nature of the calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) phase
journal, January 1994
- Richardson, I. G.; Brough, A. R.; Groves, G. W.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 24, Issue 5
The contribution of class-F fly ash to the strength of cementitious mixtures
journal, June 2005
- Malek, R. I.; Khalil, Z. H.; Imbaby, S. S.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 35, Issue 6
A new aluminium-hydrate species in hydrated Portland cements characterized by 27Al and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy
journal, January 2006
- Andersen, Morten Daugaard; Jakobsen, Hans J.; Skibsted, Jørgen
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 36, Issue 1
Hydration of tricalcium silicate followed by solid-state 29Si n.m.r. spectroscopy
journal, January 1984
- Clayden, Nigel J.; Dobson, Christopher M.; Hayes, Catherine J.
- Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, Issue 21
Characterization by solid-state NMR and selective dissolution techniques of anhydrous and hydrated CEM V cement pastes
journal, February 2010
- Brunet, F.; Charpentier, T.; Chao, C. N.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 40, Issue 2
Supplementary Cementitious Materials
journal, January 2012
- Snellings, R.; Mertens, G.; Elsen, J.
- Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Vol. 74, Issue 1
Effect of polymers on the nanostructure and on the carbonation of calcium silicate hydrates: a scanning transmission X-ray microscopy study
journal, September 2011
- Ha, J.; Chae, S.; Chou, K. W.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 47, Issue 2
The mechanism of the hydration in the system C3S-pozzolana
journal, September 1980
- Ogawa, K.; Uchikawa, H.; Takemoto, K.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 10, Issue 5
The characterization of hardened alkali-activated blast-furnace slag pastes and the nature of the calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) phase
journal, January 1994
- Richardson, I. G.; Brough, A. R.; Groves, G. W.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 24, Issue 5
Early-age strength properties, and freezing and thawing resistance of concrete incorporating high volumes of ASTM class F fly ash
journal, February 1989
- Malhotra, V. M.; Painter, K. E.
- International Journal of Cement Composites and Lightweight Concrete, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Optimization of cement and fly ash particle sizes to produce sustainable concretes
journal, September 2011
- Bentz, Dale P.; Hansen, Andrew S.; Guynn, John M.
- Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 33, Issue 8
The contribution of class-F fly ash to the strength of cementitious mixtures
journal, June 2005
- Malek, R. I.; Khalil, Z. H.; Imbaby, S. S.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 35, Issue 6
A new aluminium-hydrate species in hydrated Portland cements characterized by 27Al and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy
journal, January 2006
- Andersen, Morten Daugaard; Jakobsen, Hans J.; Skibsted, Jørgen
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 36, Issue 1
Composition, morphology and nanostructure of C–S–H in white Portland cement pastes hydrated at 55 °C
journal, December 2007
- Girão, A. V.; Richardson, I. G.; Porteneuve, C. B.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 37, Issue 12
Supplementary cementitious materials
journal, December 2011
- Lothenbach, Barbara; Scrivener, Karen; Hooton, R. D.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 41, Issue 12
Hydration of C3S thin films
journal, April 2012
- Rheinheimer, Vanessa; Casanova, Ignasi
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 42, Issue 4
Hydration of Portland cement with high replacement by siliceous fly ash
journal, October 2012
- Deschner, Florian; Winnefeld, Frank; Lothenbach, Barbara
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 42, Issue 10
Characterization of morphology and hydration products of high-volume fly ash paste by monochromatic scanning x-ray micro-diffraction (μ-SXRD)
journal, May 2014
- Bae, Sungchul; Meral, Cagla; Oh, Jae-eun
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 59
Hydration of water- and alkali-activated white Portland cement pastes and blends with low-calcium pulverized fuel ash
journal, May 2016
- Richardson, I. G.; Girão, A. V.; Taylor, R.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 83
Characterization of calcium aluminate phases in cements by aluminum-27 MAS NMR spectroscopy
journal, March 1993
- Skibsted, Joergen; Henderson, Eric; Jakobsen, Hans J.
- Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 32, Issue 6
Incorporation of Aluminum in the Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C−S−H) of Hydrated Portland Cements: A High-Field 27 Al and 29 Si MAS NMR Investigation
journal, April 2003
- Andersen, Morten Daugaard; Jakobsen, Hans J.; Skibsted, Jørgen
- Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 7
27 Al and 29 Si Solid-State NMR Characterization of Calcium-Aluminosilicate-Hydrate
journal, January 2012
- Pardal, Xiaolin; Brunet, Francine; Charpentier, Thibault
- Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 51, Issue 3
Aluminum Incorporation to Dreierketten Silicate Chains
journal, March 2009
- Manzano, H.; Dolado, J. S.; Ayuela, A.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 113, Issue 9
Aluminum Incorporation in Calcium Silicate Hydrates (C−S−H) Depending on Their Ca/Si Ratio
journal, September 1999
- Faucon, P.; Delagrave, A.; Richet, C.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 103, Issue 37
Hydration of tricalcium silicate in the presence of synthetic calcium–silicate–hydrate
journal, January 2009
- Alizadeh, Rouhollah; Raki, Laila; Makar, Jon M.
- Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 19, Issue 42
Hydration of tricalcium silicate followed by solid-state 29Si n.m.r. spectroscopy
journal, January 1984
- Clayden, Nigel J.; Dobson, Christopher M.; Hayes, Catherine J.
- Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, Issue 21
Direct observation of aluminium guest ions in the silicate phases of cement minerals by 27 Al MAS NMR spectroscopy
journal, January 1994
- Skibsted, J�rgen; Jakobsen, Hans J.; Hall, Christopher
- Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, Vol. 90, Issue 14
Transmission Electron Microscopy and Microanalytical Studies of Ion-Beam-Thinned Sections of Tricalcium Silicate Paste
journal, April 1986
- Groves, G. W.; Sueur, P. J.; Sinclair, W.
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 69, Issue 4
Chemical Shifts of Silicon X-ray Photoelectron Spectra by Polymerization Structures of Silicates
journal, July 1998
- Okada, Kiyoshi; Kameshima, Yoshikazu; Yasumori, Atsuo
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 81, Issue 7
Soft X‐ray Spectromicroscopic Investigation of Synthetic C‐S‐H and C 3 S Hydration Products
journal, June 2015
- Bae, Sungchul; Taylor, Rae; Hernández‐Cruz, Daniel
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 98, Issue 9
In Situ Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy of Early Tricalcium Silicate Hydration
journal, December 2016
- Bae, Sungchul; Kanematsu, Manabu; Hernández-Cruz, Daniel
- Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 12
Works referencing / citing this record:
Characterization of Titanium Nanotube Reinforced Cementitious Composites: Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, and Hydration
journal, May 2019
- Jee, Hyeonseok; Park, Jaeyeon; Zalnezhad, Erfan
- Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 10
Nanotechnology in Cement-Based Materials: A Review of Durability, Modeling, and Advanced Characterization
journal, August 2019
- Du, Sen; Wu, Junliang; AlShareedah, Othman
- Nanomaterials, Vol. 9, Issue 9
Synthesis, Characterization and Hexavalent Chromium Adsorption Characteristics of Aluminum- and Sucrose-Incorporated Tobermorite
journal, May 2017
- Zhao, Zhiguang; Wei, Jiangxiong; Li, Fangxian
- Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 6
Removal of Hexavalent Chromium in Portland Cement Using Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag Powder
journal, December 2017
- Bae, Sungchul; Hikaru, Fumino; Kanematsu, Manabu
- Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Characterization of Titanium Nanotube Reinforced Cementitious Composites: Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, and Hydration
journal, May 2019
- Jee, Hyeonseok; Park, Jaeyeon; Zalnezhad, Erfan
- Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 10
Nanotechnology in Cement-Based Materials: A Review of Durability, Modeling, and Advanced Characterization
journal, August 2019
- Du, Sen; Wu, Junliang; AlShareedah, Othman
- Nanomaterials, Vol. 9, Issue 9