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Title: 4-twist helix snake to maintain polarization in multi-GeV proton rings

Abstract

Solenoid Siberian snakes have successfully maintained polarization in particle rings below 1 GeV, but never in multi-GeV rings, because the spin rotation by a solenoid is inversely proportional to the beam momentum. High energy rings, such as Brookhaven’s 255 GeV Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), use only odd multiples of pairs of transverse B-field Siberian snakes directly opposite each other. When it became impractical to use a pair of Siberian Snakes in Fermilab’s 120 GeV/c Main Injector, we searched for a new type of single Siberian snake that could overcome all depolarizing resonances in the 8.9–120 GeV/c range. We found that a snake made of one 4-twist helix and 2 dipoles could maintain the polarization. Here, this snake design could solve the long-standing problem of significant polarization loss during acceleration of polarized protons from a few GeV to tens of GeV, such as in the AGS, before injecting them into multi-hundred GeV rings, such as RHIC.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2] more »;  [3] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
  2. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  3. Science and Technique Lab "Zaryad", Novosibirsk (Russia)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1402426
Report Number(s):
JLAB-ACP-13-1722; DOE/OR/23177-2789; arXiv:1309.1063
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888; PRABCJ; TRN: US1703238
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-06OR23177
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 20; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Citation Formats

Antoulinakis, F., Chen, Y., Dutton, A., Rossi De La Fuente, E., Haupert, S., Ljungman, E. A., Myers, P. D., Thompson, J. K., Tai, A., Aidala, C. A., Courant, E. D., Krisch, A. D., Leonova, M. A., Lorenzon, W., Raymond, R. S., Sivers, D. W., Wong, V. K., Yang, T., Derbenev, Y. S., Morozov, V. S., and Kondratenko, A. M. 4-twist helix snake to maintain polarization in multi-GeV proton rings. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.091003.
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Antoulinakis, F., Chen, Y., Dutton, A., Rossi De La Fuente, E., Haupert, S., Ljungman, E. A., Myers, P. D., Thompson, J. K., Tai, A., Aidala, C. A., Courant, E. D., Krisch, A. D., Leonova, M. A., Lorenzon, W., Raymond, R. S., Sivers, D. W., Wong, V. K., Yang, T., Derbenev, Y. S., Morozov, V. S., & Kondratenko, A. M. 4-twist helix snake to maintain polarization in multi-GeV proton rings. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.091003
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Antoulinakis, F., Chen, Y., Dutton, A., Rossi De La Fuente, E., Haupert, S., Ljungman, E. A., Myers, P. D., Thompson, J. K., Tai, A., Aidala, C. A., Courant, E. D., Krisch, A. D., Leonova, M. A., Lorenzon, W., Raymond, R. S., Sivers, D. W., Wong, V. K., Yang, T., Derbenev, Y. S., Morozov, V. S., and Kondratenko, A. M. Wed . "4-twist helix snake to maintain polarization in multi-GeV proton rings". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.091003. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1402426.
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@article{osti_1402426,
title = {4-twist helix snake to maintain polarization in multi-GeV proton rings},
author = {Antoulinakis, F. and Chen, Y. and Dutton, A. and Rossi De La Fuente, E. and Haupert, S. and Ljungman, E. A. and Myers, P. D. and Thompson, J. K. and Tai, A. and Aidala, C. A. and Courant, E. D. and Krisch, A. D. and Leonova, M. A. and Lorenzon, W. and Raymond, R. S. and Sivers, D. W. and Wong, V. K. and Yang, T. and Derbenev, Y. S. and Morozov, V. S. and Kondratenko, A. M.},
abstractNote = {Solenoid Siberian snakes have successfully maintained polarization in particle rings below 1 GeV, but never in multi-GeV rings, because the spin rotation by a solenoid is inversely proportional to the beam momentum. High energy rings, such as Brookhaven’s 255 GeV Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), use only odd multiples of pairs of transverse B-field Siberian snakes directly opposite each other. When it became impractical to use a pair of Siberian Snakes in Fermilab’s 120 GeV/c Main Injector, we searched for a new type of single Siberian snake that could overcome all depolarizing resonances in the 8.9–120 GeV/c range. We found that a snake made of one 4-twist helix and 2 dipoles could maintain the polarization. Here, this snake design could solve the long-standing problem of significant polarization loss during acceleration of polarized protons from a few GeV to tens of GeV, such as in the AGS, before injecting them into multi-hundred GeV rings, such as RHIC.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.091003},
journal = {Physical Review Accelerators and Beams},
number = 9,
volume = 20,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.091003
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Works referenced in this record:

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Acceleration of polarized protons to 22 GeV/ c and the measurement of spin-spin effects in p ↑ + p ↑ →p+ p
journal, January 1989

Spin Dependence of High- P ⊥ 2 Elastic p − p Scattering
journal, November 1978

I. The kinematics of an electron with an axis
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  • The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Vol. 3, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1080/14786440108564170

Spin Dynamics and Snakes in Synchrotrons
book, June 1997

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