Comparison of simulated and reconstructed variations in East African hydroclimate over the last millennium
Abstract
The multi-decadal to centennial hydroclimate changes in East Africa over the last millennium are studied by comparing the results of forced transient simulations by six general circulation models (GCMs) with published hydroclimate reconstructions from four lakes: Challa and Naivasha in equatorial East Africa, and Masoko and Malawi in southeastern inter-tropical Africa. All GCMs simulate fairly well the unimodal seasonal cycle of precipitation in the Masoko–Malawi region, while the bimodal seasonal cycle characterizing the Challa–Naivasha region is generally less well captured by most models. Model results and lake-based hydroclimate reconstructions display very different temporal patterns over the last millennium. Additionally, there is no common signal among the model time series, at least until 1850. This suggests that simulated hydroclimate fluctuations are mostly driven by internal variability rather than by common external forcing. After 1850, half of the models simulate a relatively clear response to forcing, but this response is different between the models. Overall, the link between precipitation and tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the pre-industrial portion of the last millennium is stronger and more robust for the Challa–Naivasha region than for the Masoko–Malawi region. At the inter-annual timescale, last-millennium Challa–Naivasha precipitation is positively (negatively) correlated with western (eastern) Indianmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. catholique de Louvaine (UCL) (Belgium)
- Hydrologic Research Center, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Ghent Univ. (Belgium)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. catholique de Louvain (UCL) (Belgium). Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research (TECLIM), Earth and Life Institute
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1375428
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Climate of the Past (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Climate of the Past (Online); Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1814-9332
- Publisher:
- European Geophysical Union - Copernicus
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Klein, Francois, Goosse, Hugues, Graham, Nicholas E., and Verschuren, Dirk. Comparison of simulated and reconstructed variations in East African hydroclimate over the last millennium. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1499-2016.
Klein, Francois, Goosse, Hugues, Graham, Nicholas E., & Verschuren, Dirk. Comparison of simulated and reconstructed variations in East African hydroclimate over the last millennium. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1499-2016
Klein, Francois, Goosse, Hugues, Graham, Nicholas E., and Verschuren, Dirk. Wed .
"Comparison of simulated and reconstructed variations in East African hydroclimate over the last millennium". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1499-2016. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1375428.
@article{osti_1375428,
title = {Comparison of simulated and reconstructed variations in East African hydroclimate over the last millennium},
author = {Klein, Francois and Goosse, Hugues and Graham, Nicholas E. and Verschuren, Dirk},
abstractNote = {The multi-decadal to centennial hydroclimate changes in East Africa over the last millennium are studied by comparing the results of forced transient simulations by six general circulation models (GCMs) with published hydroclimate reconstructions from four lakes: Challa and Naivasha in equatorial East Africa, and Masoko and Malawi in southeastern inter-tropical Africa. All GCMs simulate fairly well the unimodal seasonal cycle of precipitation in the Masoko–Malawi region, while the bimodal seasonal cycle characterizing the Challa–Naivasha region is generally less well captured by most models. Model results and lake-based hydroclimate reconstructions display very different temporal patterns over the last millennium. Additionally, there is no common signal among the model time series, at least until 1850. This suggests that simulated hydroclimate fluctuations are mostly driven by internal variability rather than by common external forcing. After 1850, half of the models simulate a relatively clear response to forcing, but this response is different between the models. Overall, the link between precipitation and tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the pre-industrial portion of the last millennium is stronger and more robust for the Challa–Naivasha region than for the Masoko–Malawi region. At the inter-annual timescale, last-millennium Challa–Naivasha precipitation is positively (negatively) correlated with western (eastern) Indian Ocean SST, while the influence of the Pacific Ocean appears weak and unclear. Although most often not significant, the same pattern of correlations between East African rainfall and the Indian Ocean SST is still visible when using the last-millennium time series smoothed to highlight centennial variability, but only in fixed-forcing simulations. Furthermore, this means that, at the centennial timescale, the effect of (natural) climate forcing can mask the imprint of internal climate variability in large-scale teleconnections.},
doi = {10.5194/cp-12-1499-2016},
journal = {Climate of the Past (Online)},
number = 7,
volume = 12,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jul 13 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Wed Jul 13 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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