Membrane crystallinity and fuel crossover in direct ethanol fuel cells with Nafion composite membranes containing phosphotungstic acid
Abstract
Interest has been growing in direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) due to their non-toxicity, low cost and potential contribution to energy issues in third world countries. A reduction in fuel cross-over is of key importance to enhance the performance of DEFCs that operate at low temperatures (<100 °C). We report on the effect of the addition of phosphotungstic acid (PWA) in Nafion membrane on the ethanol-crossover for DEFC application. A set of PWANafion composite membranes (PWA 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 wt%) was prepared by solution casting and their microstructures, diffraction patterns and permeability were systematically characterized. The significant reduction in ethanol-crossover was observed with increasing PWA concentration in PWA-Nafion membranes, which was mainly attributed to an improvement in crystallinity of the membrane. PWA provides additional nucleation sites during solidification leading to higher crystallinity, which is supported by the membrane permeability tests. These PWA-Nafion composites were implemented in proto-type DEFC devices as a membrane and the maximum power density achieved was 22% higher than that of commercial Nafion-117 device.
- Authors:
-
- Korea Advanced Inst. Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon (Korea, Republic of). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Baylor Univ., Waco, TX (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
- Nelson Mandela African Inst. of Science and Technology, Arusha (Tanzania)
- Korea Advanced Inst. Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon (Korea, Republic of). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1340207
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Materials Science
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 52; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-2461
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Nafion; composite membrane; direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC); ethanol-crossover; phosphotungstic acid
Citation Formats
Kim, Hongjun, Lee, Sunghwan, Kim, Suran, Oh, Chungik, Ryu, Jeongjae, Kim, Jaegyu, Park, Eugene, Hong, Seungbum, and No, Kwangsoo. Membrane crystallinity and fuel crossover in direct ethanol fuel cells with Nafion composite membranes containing phosphotungstic acid. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1007/s10853-016-0534-z.
Kim, Hongjun, Lee, Sunghwan, Kim, Suran, Oh, Chungik, Ryu, Jeongjae, Kim, Jaegyu, Park, Eugene, Hong, Seungbum, & No, Kwangsoo. Membrane crystallinity and fuel crossover in direct ethanol fuel cells with Nafion composite membranes containing phosphotungstic acid. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0534-z
Kim, Hongjun, Lee, Sunghwan, Kim, Suran, Oh, Chungik, Ryu, Jeongjae, Kim, Jaegyu, Park, Eugene, Hong, Seungbum, and No, Kwangsoo. Tue .
"Membrane crystallinity and fuel crossover in direct ethanol fuel cells with Nafion composite membranes containing phosphotungstic acid". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0534-z. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1340207.
@article{osti_1340207,
title = {Membrane crystallinity and fuel crossover in direct ethanol fuel cells with Nafion composite membranes containing phosphotungstic acid},
author = {Kim, Hongjun and Lee, Sunghwan and Kim, Suran and Oh, Chungik and Ryu, Jeongjae and Kim, Jaegyu and Park, Eugene and Hong, Seungbum and No, Kwangsoo},
abstractNote = {Interest has been growing in direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) due to their non-toxicity, low cost and potential contribution to energy issues in third world countries. A reduction in fuel cross-over is of key importance to enhance the performance of DEFCs that operate at low temperatures (<100 °C). We report on the effect of the addition of phosphotungstic acid (PWA) in Nafion membrane on the ethanol-crossover for DEFC application. A set of PWANafion composite membranes (PWA 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 wt%) was prepared by solution casting and their microstructures, diffraction patterns and permeability were systematically characterized. The significant reduction in ethanol-crossover was observed with increasing PWA concentration in PWA-Nafion membranes, which was mainly attributed to an improvement in crystallinity of the membrane. PWA provides additional nucleation sites during solidification leading to higher crystallinity, which is supported by the membrane permeability tests. These PWA-Nafion composites were implemented in proto-type DEFC devices as a membrane and the maximum power density achieved was 22% higher than that of commercial Nafion-117 device.},
doi = {10.1007/s10853-016-0534-z},
journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
number = 5,
volume = 52,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Tue Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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