Quench protection study of the updated MQXF for the LHC luminosity upgrade (HiLumi LHC)

Marinozzi, Vittorio; Ambrosio, Giorgio; Ferracin, Paolo; Izquierdo Bermudez, Susana; Rysti, Juho; Salmi, Tiina; Sorbi, Massimo; Todesco, Ezio

doi:10.1109/TASC.2016.2523548

Title: Quench protection study of the updated MQXF for the LHC luminosity upgrade (HiLumi LHC)

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Abstract

In 2023, the LHC luminosity will be increased, aiming at reaching 3000 fb-1 integrated over ten years. To obtain this target, new Nb₃Sn low-β quadrupoles (MQXF) have been designed for the interaction regions. These magnets present a very large aperture (150 mm, to be compared with the 70 mm of the present NbTi quadrupoles) and a very large stored energy density (120 MJ/m³). For these reasons, quench protection is one of the most challenging aspects of the design of these magnets. In fact, protection studies of a previous design showed that the simulated hot spot temperature was very close to the maximum allowed limit of 350 K; this challenge motivated improvements in the current discharge modeling, taking into account the so-called dynamic effects on the apparent magnet inductance. Moreover, quench heaters design has been studied to be going into more details. In this study, a protection study of the updated MQXF is presented, benefiting from the experience gained by studying the previous design. As a result, a study of the voltages between turns in the magnet is also presented during both normal operation and most important failure scenarios.

Authors:

Marinozzi, Vittorio ^[1]; Ambrosio, Giorgio ^[2]; Ferracin, Paolo ^[3]; Izquierdo Bermudez, Susana ^[3]; Rysti, Juho ^[3]; Salmi, Tiina ^[4]; Sorbi, Massimo ^[5]; Todesco, Ezio ^[3]

Univ. of Milano, Milano (Italy)
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
Tampere Univ. of Technology, Tampere (Finland)
Univ. of Milano, Milan (Italy)

Publication Date:: Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1327418

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-16-396-TD
Journal ID: ISSN 1051-8223; 1479356

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 26; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1051-8223

Publisher:: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; niobium compounds; quench protection; superconducting accelerators; heating; superconducting magnets; magnetic separation; delays; Large Hadron Collider; coils; temperature

Citation Formats


                    Marinozzi, Vittorio, Ambrosio, Giorgio, Ferracin, Paolo, Izquierdo Bermudez, Susana, Rysti, Juho, Salmi, Tiina, Sorbi, Massimo, and Todesco, Ezio. Quench protection study of the updated MQXF for the LHC luminosity upgrade (HiLumi LHC).  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1109/TASC.2016.2523548.

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                    Marinozzi, Vittorio, Ambrosio, Giorgio, Ferracin, Paolo, Izquierdo Bermudez, Susana, Rysti, Juho, Salmi, Tiina, Sorbi, Massimo, & Todesco, Ezio. Quench protection study of the updated MQXF for the LHC luminosity upgrade (HiLumi LHC).  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2016.2523548

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                    Marinozzi, Vittorio, Ambrosio, Giorgio, Ferracin, Paolo, Izquierdo Bermudez, Susana, Rysti, Juho, Salmi, Tiina, Sorbi, Massimo, and Todesco, Ezio. Wed .  
"Quench protection study of the updated MQXF for the LHC luminosity upgrade (HiLumi LHC)".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2016.2523548.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1327418.

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@article{osti_1327418,

  title        = {Quench protection study of the updated MQXF for the LHC luminosity upgrade (HiLumi LHC)},

  author       = {Marinozzi, Vittorio and Ambrosio, Giorgio and Ferracin, Paolo and Izquierdo Bermudez, Susana and Rysti, Juho and Salmi, Tiina and Sorbi, Massimo and Todesco, Ezio},

  abstractNote = {In 2023, the LHC luminosity will be increased, aiming at reaching 3000 fb-1 integrated over ten years. To obtain this target, new Nb3Sn low-β quadrupoles (MQXF) have been designed for the interaction regions. These magnets present a very large aperture (150 mm, to be compared with the 70 mm of the present NbTi quadrupoles) and a very large stored energy density (120 MJ/m3). For these reasons, quench protection is one of the most challenging aspects of the design of these magnets. In fact, protection studies of a previous design showed that the simulated hot spot temperature was very close to the maximum allowed limit of 350 K; this challenge motivated improvements in the current discharge modeling, taking into account the so-called dynamic effects on the apparent magnet inductance. Moreover, quench heaters design has been studied to be going into more details. In this study, a protection study of the updated MQXF is presented, benefiting from the experience gained by studying the previous design. As a result, a study of the voltages between turns in the magnet is also presented during both normal operation and most important failure scenarios.},

  doi          = {10.1109/TASC.2016.2523548},

  journal      = {IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 26,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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