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Title: A lipid-accumulating alga maintains growth in outdoor, alkaliphilic raceway pond with mixed microbial communities

Abstract

Algal biofuels and valuable co-products are being produced in both open and closed cultivation systems. Growing algae in open pond systems may be a more economical alternative, but this approach allows environmental microorganisms to colonize the pond and potentially infect or outcompete the algal “crop.” In this study, we monitored the microbial community of an outdoor, open raceway pond inoculated with a high lipid-producing alkaliphilic alga, Chlorella vulgaris BA050. The strain C. vulgaris BA050 was previously isolated from Soap Lake, Washington, a system characterized by a high pH (~9.8). An outdoor raceway pond (200 L) was inoculated with C. vulgaris and monitored for 10 days and then the culture was transferred to a 2,000 L raceway pond and cultivated for an additional 6 days. Community DNA samples were collected over the 16-day period in conjunction with water chemistry analyses and cell counts. Universal primers for the SSU rRNA gene sequences for Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea were used for barcoded pyrosequence determination. The environmental parameters that most closely correlated with C. vulgaris abundance were pH and phosphate. Community analyses indicated that the pond system remained dominated by the Chlorella population (93% of eukaryotic sequences), but was also colonized by other microorganisms.more » Bacterial sequence diversity increased over time while archaeal sequence diversity declined over the same time period. Using SparCC co-occurrence network analysis, a positive correlation was observed between C. vulgaris and Pseudomonas sp. throughout the experiment, which may suggest a symbiotic relationship between the two organisms. The putative relationship coupled with high pH may have contributed to the success of C. vulgaris. As a result, the characterization of the microbial community dynamics of an alkaliphilic open pond system provides significant insight into open pond systems that could be used to control photoautotrophic biomass productivity in an open, non-sterile environment.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1]
  1. Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
  2. The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
  3. Utah State Univ., Logan, UT (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Toledo, OH (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO)
OSTI Identifier:
1239244
Grant/Contract Number:  
EE0005993
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Frontiers in Microbiology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research Foundation
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
09 BIOMASS FUELS; 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; algal biomass; algal biofuel; bio-oil; bio-diesel; phycosphere

Citation Formats

Bell, Tisza A.S., Prithiviraj, Bharath, Wahlen, Brad D., Fields, Matthew W., and Peyton, Brent M. A lipid-accumulating alga maintains growth in outdoor, alkaliphilic raceway pond with mixed microbial communities. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01480.
Bell, Tisza A.S., Prithiviraj, Bharath, Wahlen, Brad D., Fields, Matthew W., & Peyton, Brent M. A lipid-accumulating alga maintains growth in outdoor, alkaliphilic raceway pond with mixed microbial communities. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01480
Bell, Tisza A.S., Prithiviraj, Bharath, Wahlen, Brad D., Fields, Matthew W., and Peyton, Brent M. Thu . "A lipid-accumulating alga maintains growth in outdoor, alkaliphilic raceway pond with mixed microbial communities". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01480. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1239244.
@article{osti_1239244,
title = {A lipid-accumulating alga maintains growth in outdoor, alkaliphilic raceway pond with mixed microbial communities},
author = {Bell, Tisza A.S. and Prithiviraj, Bharath and Wahlen, Brad D. and Fields, Matthew W. and Peyton, Brent M.},
abstractNote = {Algal biofuels and valuable co-products are being produced in both open and closed cultivation systems. Growing algae in open pond systems may be a more economical alternative, but this approach allows environmental microorganisms to colonize the pond and potentially infect or outcompete the algal “crop.” In this study, we monitored the microbial community of an outdoor, open raceway pond inoculated with a high lipid-producing alkaliphilic alga, Chlorella vulgaris BA050. The strain C. vulgaris BA050 was previously isolated from Soap Lake, Washington, a system characterized by a high pH (~9.8). An outdoor raceway pond (200 L) was inoculated with C. vulgaris and monitored for 10 days and then the culture was transferred to a 2,000 L raceway pond and cultivated for an additional 6 days. Community DNA samples were collected over the 16-day period in conjunction with water chemistry analyses and cell counts. Universal primers for the SSU rRNA gene sequences for Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea were used for barcoded pyrosequence determination. The environmental parameters that most closely correlated with C. vulgaris abundance were pH and phosphate. Community analyses indicated that the pond system remained dominated by the Chlorella population (93% of eukaryotic sequences), but was also colonized by other microorganisms. Bacterial sequence diversity increased over time while archaeal sequence diversity declined over the same time period. Using SparCC co-occurrence network analysis, a positive correlation was observed between C. vulgaris and Pseudomonas sp. throughout the experiment, which may suggest a symbiotic relationship between the two organisms. The putative relationship coupled with high pH may have contributed to the success of C. vulgaris. As a result, the characterization of the microbial community dynamics of an alkaliphilic open pond system provides significant insight into open pond systems that could be used to control photoautotrophic biomass productivity in an open, non-sterile environment.},
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2015.01480},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
number = ,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 07 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Thu Jan 07 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}

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Cited by: 26 works
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Works referenced in this record:

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journal, May 2014


Ecologically meaningful transformations for ordination of species data
journal, October 2001


Temperature and pH optima of extremely halophilic archaea: a mini-review
journal, February 2011


Life in extreme environments: microbial diversity in Great Salt Lake, Utah
journal, March 2014


Ecosystem Responses to Nitrogen Deposition in the Colorado Front Range
journal, July 2000

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  • DOI: 10.1007/s100210000032

Consuming algal products: trophic interactions of bacteria and a diatom species determined by RNA stable isotope probing
journal, March 2008


Lipid productivity as a key characteristic for choosing algal species for biodiesel production
journal, January 2009


Lipid productivity, settling potential and fatty acid profile of 11 microalgal species grown under nitrogen replete and limited conditions
journal, October 2011

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Applying ecological principles of crop cultivation in large-scale algal biomass production
journal, April 2014


Molecular diagnostics for monitoring contaminants in algal cultivation
journal, April 2014


The contamination and control of biological pollutants in mass cultivation of microalgae
journal, January 2013


Evaluation of a thermo-tolerant acidophilic alga, Galdieria sulphuraria, for nutrient removal from urban wastewaters
journal, March 2014


Investigation of coal-associated bacterial and archaeal populations from a diffusive microbial sampler (DMS)
journal, August 2013

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journal, June 2008

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  • DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2008.05.007

Biodiesel from algae: challenges and prospects
journal, June 2010


A conceptual framework: Redefining forest soil's critical acid loads under a changing climate
journal, June 2010


Synthetic ecology – A way forward for sustainable algal biofuel production?
journal, November 2012


Constraints to commercialization of algal fuels
journal, September 2013


Review and re-analysis of domain-specific 16S primers
journal, December 2003


Halorubellus salinus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Halorubellus litoreus sp. nov., novel halophilic archaea isolated from a marine solar saltern
journal, February 2012


The effect of changes in salinity on the energy yielding processes of Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella maritima cells
journal, June 2007


The ecology of algal biodiesel production
journal, May 2010

  • Smith, Val H.; Sturm, Belinda S. M.; deNoyelles, Frank J.
  • Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 25, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2009.11.007

Microbial community structure across the tree of life in the extreme Río Tinto
journal, July 2010

  • Amaral-Zettler, Linda A.; Zettler, Erik R.; Theroux, Susanna M.
  • The ISME Journal, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2010.101

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii thermal tolerance enhancement mediated by a mutualistic interaction with vitamin B12-producing bacteria
journal, March 2013


Algae acquire vitamin B12 through a symbiotic relationship with bacteria
journal, November 2005

  • Croft, Martin T.; Lawrence, Andrew D.; Raux-Deery, Evelyne
  • Nature, Vol. 438, Issue 7064
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature04056

Exploiting diversity and synthetic biology for the production of algal biofuels
journal, August 2012

  • Georgianna, D. Ryan; Mayfield, Stephen P.
  • Nature, Vol. 488, Issue 7411
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature11479

Taxis Toward Hydrogen Gas by Methanococcus maripaludis
journal, November 2013

  • Brileya, Kristen A.; Connolly, James M.; Downey, Carey
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 3, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep03140

Limnology of the Green Lakes Valley: phytoplankton ecology and dissolved organic matter biogeochemistry at a long-term ecological research site
journal, December 2012


An Engineered Community Approach for Industrial Cultivation of Microalgae
journal, June 2014

  • Kazamia, Elena; Riseley, Anthony S.; Howe, Christopher J.
  • Industrial Biotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1089/ind.2013.0041

Innovations in Open Pond Algae Agriculture for Biofuel Production
journal, June 2014

  • McBride, Robert C.; Merrick, Delaney S.
  • Industrial Biotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1089/ind.2013.1614

PyNAST: a flexible tool for aligning sequences to a template alignment
journal, November 2009


Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST
journal, August 2010


The Relation between the Synthesis of Inorganic Polyphosphate and Phosphate Uptake by Chlorella vulgaris
journal, January 1973

  • Aitchison, P. A.; Butt, V. S.
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 24, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/24.3.497

Phylogenetic diversity measures based on Hill numbers
journal, November 2010

  • Chao, Anne; Chiu, Chun-Huo; Jost, Lou
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 365, Issue 1558
  • DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0272

Chimeric 16S rRNA sequence formation and detection in Sanger and 454-pyrosequenced PCR amplicons
journal, January 2011


Mutualistic interactions between vitamin B12-dependent algae and heterotrophic bacteria exhibit regulation: Algal-bacterial interactions for delivery of vitamin B12
journal, March 2012


The ecology of the extremely halophilic archaea
journal, April 1994


Significance of microalgal-bacterial interactions for aquaculture
journal, May 2013

  • Natrah, Fatin M. I.; Bossier, Peter; Sorgeloos, Patrick
  • Reviews in Aquaculture, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1111/raq.12024

Shifts in Lake N:P Stoichiometry and Nutrient Limitation Driven by Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition
journal, November 2009


Spatial and Temporal Patterns in the Microbial Diversity of a Meromictic Soda Lake in Washington State
journal, June 2008

  • Dimitriu, P. A.; Pinkart, H. C.; Peyton, B. M.
  • Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 74, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1128/aem.00455-08

Association with an Ammonium-Excreting Bacterium Allows Diazotrophic Culture of Oil-Rich Eukaryotic Microalgae
journal, January 2012

  • Ortiz-Marquez, Juan Cesar Federico; Do Nascimento, Mauro; Dublan, Maria de los Angeles
  • Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 78, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1128/aem.06260-11

DNA recovery from soils of diverse composition.
journal, January 1996


Inferring Correlation Networks from Genomic Survey Data
journal, September 2012


Algae as an important environment for bacteria – phylogenetic relationships among new bacterial species isolated from algae
journal, January 2013

  • Goecke, Franz; Thiel, Vera; Wiese, Jutta
  • Phycologia, Vol. 52, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.2216/12-24.1

Chemotactic and Growth Responses of Marine Bacteria to Algal Extracellular Products
journal, October 1972

  • Bell, Wayne; Mitchell, Ralph
  • The Biological Bulletin, Vol. 143, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.2307/1540052

Effects of Marinobacter adhaerens HP15 on polymer exudation by Thalassiosira weissflogii at different N:P ratios
journal, August 2012

  • Gärdes, A.; Ramaye, Y.; Grossart, Hp
  • Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol. 461
  • DOI: 10.3354/meps09894

Deciphering microbial interactions and detecting keystone species with co-occurrence networks
journal, May 2014


Photosynthetic rates of phytoplankton in East African alkaline, saline lakes1: Photosynthesis in East African lakes
journal, September 1974


Works referencing / citing this record:

Microalgae-bacteria symbiosis in microalgal growth and biofuel production: a review
journal, October 2018

  • Yao, S.; Lyu, S.; An, Y.
  • Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol. 126, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1111/jam.14095