High dose neutron irradiations of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations

Perez-Bergquist, Alex G.; Nozawa, Takashi; Shih, Chunghao Phillip; Leonard, Keith J.; Snead, Lance Lewis; Katoh, Yutai

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.038

Title: High dose neutron irradiations of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations

Abstract

Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in the development of silicon carbide (SiC) composites, composed of near-stoichiometric SiC fibers embedded in a crystalline SiC matrix, to the point that such materials can now be considered nuclear grade. Recent neutron irradiation studies of Hi-Nicalon Type S SiC composites showed excellent radiation response at damage levels of 30-40 dpa at temperatures of 300-800 °C. However, more recent studies of these same fiber composites irradiated to damage levels of >70 dpa at similar temperatures showed a marked decrease in ultimate flexural strength, particularly at 300 °C. Here, electron microscopy is used to analyze the microstructural evolution of these irradiated composites in order to investigate the cause of the degradation. While minimal changes were observed in Hi-Nicalon Type S SiC composites irradiated at 800 °C, substantial microstructural evolution is observed in those irradiated at 300° C. Furthermore, carbonaceous particles in the fibers grew by 25% compared to the virgin case, and severe cracking occurred at interphase layers.

Authors:

Perez-Bergquist, Alex G. ^[1]; Nozawa, Takashi ^[2]; Shih, Chunghao Phillip ^[3]; Leonard, Keith J. ^[3]; Snead, Lance Lewis ^[3]; Katoh, Yutai ^[3]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Aomori-ken (Japan)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1195799

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1246580

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Nuclear Materials

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 462; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-3115

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Perez-Bergquist, Alex G., Nozawa, Takashi, Shih, Chunghao Phillip, Leonard, Keith J., Snead, Lance Lewis, and Katoh, Yutai. High dose neutron irradiations of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.038.

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                    Perez-Bergquist, Alex G., Nozawa, Takashi, Shih, Chunghao Phillip, Leonard, Keith J., Snead, Lance Lewis, & Katoh, Yutai. High dose neutron irradiations of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.038

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                    Perez-Bergquist, Alex G., Nozawa, Takashi, Shih, Chunghao Phillip, Leonard, Keith J., Snead, Lance Lewis, and Katoh, Yutai. Tue .  
"High dose neutron irradiations of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.038.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1195799.

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@article{osti_1195799,

  title        = {High dose neutron irradiations of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations},

  author       = {Perez-Bergquist, Alex G. and Nozawa, Takashi and Shih, Chunghao Phillip and Leonard, Keith J. and Snead, Lance Lewis and Katoh, Yutai},

  abstractNote = {Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in the development of silicon carbide (SiC) composites, composed of near-stoichiometric SiC fibers embedded in a crystalline SiC matrix, to the point that such materials can now be considered nuclear grade. Recent neutron irradiation studies of Hi-Nicalon Type S SiC composites showed excellent radiation response at damage levels of 30-40 dpa at temperatures of 300-800 °C. However, more recent studies of these same fiber composites irradiated to damage levels of >70 dpa at similar temperatures showed a marked decrease in ultimate flexural strength, particularly at 300 °C. Here, electron microscopy is used to analyze the microstructural evolution of these irradiated composites in order to investigate the cause of the degradation. While minimal changes were observed in Hi-Nicalon Type S SiC composites irradiated at 800 °C, substantial microstructural evolution is observed in those irradiated at 300° C. Furthermore, carbonaceous particles in the fibers grew by 25% compared to the virgin case, and severe cracking occurred at interphase layers.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.038},

  journal      = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},

  number       = 7,

  volume       = 462,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014},

  month        = {Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014}

}

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Title: High dose neutron irradiations of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations

Abstract

Citation Formats

Current status and critical issues for development of SiC composites for fusion applications journal, August 2007

Status of silicon carbide composites for fusion journal, October 1996

Interactions between fusion materials R&D and other technologies journal, December 2000

Effects of fast-neutron irradiation on pyrolytic silicon carbide journal, October 1969

Properties of Silicon Carbide for Nuclear Fuel Particle Coatings journal, September 1977

Effect of nuclear data and impurities on the evaluation of induced activity of CVI SiCf/SiC composites journal, November 2002

The use of silicon carbide as a tritium permeation barrier journal, April 1995

Current status of SiC/SiC composites R&D journal, October 1998

Silicon carbide composites as fusion power reactor structural materials journal, October 2011

Neutron irradiation effects on high-crystallinity and near-stoichiometry SiC fibers and their composites journal, August 2004

SiC/SiC composites through transient eutectic-phase route for fusion applications journal, August 2004

Effect of neutron irradiation on tensile properties of unidirectional silicon carbide composites journal, August 2007

Property tailorability for advanced CVI silicon carbide composites for fusion journal, February 2006

Stability of SiC and its composites at high neutron fluence journal, October 2011

Tensile, Compressive and In-Plane/Inter-Laminar Shear Failure Behavior of CVI- and NITE-SiC/SiC Composites journal, September 2011

Evaluation of neutron irradiated near-stoichiometric silicon carbide fiber composites journal, December 2000

Mechanical properties of advanced SiC fiber composites irradiated at very high temperatures journal, October 2011

Evaluation of neutron irradiated silicon carbide and silicon carbide composites journal, September 2007

X-ray Diffraction Study of the Effect of High-Temperature Heat Treatment on the Microstructural Stability of Third-Generation SiC Fibers journal, February 2013

Tensile Creep Behavior of SiC-Based Fibers With a Low Oxygen Content journal, April 2007

Swelling of SiC at intermediate and high irradiation temperatures journal, August 2007

The effect of high-dose neutron irradiation on the properties of graphite and silicon carbide journal, January 1994

Swelling of nuclear graphite and high quality carbon fiber composite under very high irradiation temperature journal, October 2008

Effects of Dual-Ion Irradiation on the Swelling of SiC/SiC Composites journal, January 2005

The investigation of crack mechanism for Tyranno-SA SiC/SiC composites with ESI method journal, August 2004

Neutron irradiation induced amorphization of silicon carbide journal, July 1999

Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling journal, September 2007

Effect of damage cascades on the irradiation-induced amorphization in graphite journal, May 1997

A ballistic mixing model for the amorphization of precipitates in Zircaloy under neutron irradiation journal, November 1992

The physics and mechanics of fibre-reinforced brittle matrix composites journal, August 1994

Transmutation of silicon carbide in fusion nuclear environment journal, November 2013

Electronic and atomic structure of diamond-like carbon journal, February 2003

Preparation and characterization of near-stoichiometric silicon carbon fibres journal, January 2018

Irradiation-induced β to α SiC transformation at low temperature journal, April 2017

Microstructure of SiC fibers by swift heavy ion beam irradiation journal, July 2019

Irradiation-induced β to α SiC transformation at low temperature journal, April 2017

Current status and critical issues for development of SiC composites for fusion applications
journal, August 2007

Status of silicon carbide composites for fusion
journal, October 1996

Interactions between fusion materials R&D and other technologies
journal, December 2000

Effects of fast-neutron irradiation on pyrolytic silicon carbide
journal, October 1969

Properties of Silicon Carbide for Nuclear Fuel Particle Coatings
journal, September 1977

Effect of nuclear data and impurities on the evaluation of induced activity of CVI SiCf/SiC composites
journal, November 2002

The use of silicon carbide as a tritium permeation barrier
journal, April 1995

Current status of SiC/SiC composites R&D
journal, October 1998

Silicon carbide composites as fusion power reactor structural materials
journal, October 2011

Neutron irradiation effects on high-crystallinity and near-stoichiometry SiC fibers and their composites
journal, August 2004

SiC/SiC composites through transient eutectic-phase route for fusion applications
journal, August 2004

Effect of neutron irradiation on tensile properties of unidirectional silicon carbide composites
journal, August 2007

Property tailorability for advanced CVI silicon carbide composites for fusion
journal, February 2006

Stability of SiC and its composites at high neutron fluence
journal, October 2011

Tensile, Compressive and In-Plane/Inter-Laminar Shear Failure Behavior of CVI- and NITE-SiC/SiC Composites
journal, September 2011

Evaluation of neutron irradiated near-stoichiometric silicon carbide fiber composites
journal, December 2000

Mechanical properties of advanced SiC fiber composites irradiated at very high temperatures
journal, October 2011

Evaluation of neutron irradiated silicon carbide and silicon carbide composites
journal, September 2007

X-ray Diffraction Study of the Effect of High-Temperature Heat Treatment on the Microstructural Stability of Third-Generation SiC Fibers
journal, February 2013

Tensile Creep Behavior of SiC-Based Fibers With a Low Oxygen Content
journal, April 2007

Swelling of SiC at intermediate and high irradiation temperatures
journal, August 2007

The effect of high-dose neutron irradiation on the properties of graphite and silicon carbide
journal, January 1994

Swelling of nuclear graphite and high quality carbon fiber composite under very high irradiation temperature
journal, October 2008

Effects of Dual-Ion Irradiation on the Swelling of SiC/SiC Composites
journal, January 2005

The investigation of crack mechanism for Tyranno-SA SiC/SiC composites with ESI method
journal, August 2004

Neutron irradiation induced amorphization of silicon carbide
journal, July 1999

Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling
journal, September 2007

Effect of damage cascades on the irradiation-induced amorphization in graphite
journal, May 1997

A ballistic mixing model for the amorphization of precipitates in Zircaloy under neutron irradiation
journal, November 1992

The physics and mechanics of fibre-reinforced brittle matrix composites
journal, August 1994

Transmutation of silicon carbide in fusion nuclear environment
journal, November 2013

Electronic and atomic structure of diamond-like carbon
journal, February 2003

Preparation and characterization of near-stoichiometric silicon carbon fibres
journal, January 2018

Irradiation-induced β to α SiC transformation at low temperature
journal, April 2017

Microstructure of SiC fibers by swift heavy ion beam irradiation
journal, July 2019

Irradiation-induced β to α SiC transformation at low temperature
journal, April 2017