Transport-based initial conditions for heavy-ion collisions at finite densities

Roch, H.; Pihan, G.; Monnai, A.; Ryu, S.; Senthilkumar, N.; Staudenmaier, J.; Elfner, H.; Schenke, B.; Putschke, J. H.; Shen, C.; Bass, S. A.; Chartier, M.; Chen, Y.; Datta, R.; Dolan, R.; Du, L.; Ehlers, R.; Fries, R. J.; Gale, C.; Hangal, D. A.; Jacak, B. V.; Jacobs, P. M.; Jeon, S.; Ji, Y.; Jonas, F.; Kordell, M.; Kumar, A.; Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, R.; Latessa, J.; Lee, Y.-J.; Luzum, M.; Majumder, A.; Mak, S.; Mankolli, A.; Martin, C.; Mehryar, H.; Mengel, T.; Nattrass, C.; Norman, J.; Ockleton, M.; Parker, C.; Paquet, J.-F.; Roland, G.; Schwiebert, L.; Sengupta, A.; Singh, M.; Sirimanna, C.; Soltz, R. A.; Soudi, I.; Tachibana, Y.; Velkovska, J.; Vujanovic, G.; Wang, X.-N.; Wu, X.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, W.

doi:10.1103/nvyy-kxhd

Title: Transport-based initial conditions for heavy-ion collisions at finite densities

Journal Article · Fri Feb 13 00:00:00 UTC 2026 · Physical Review. C

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/nvyy-kxhd · OSTI ID:3021091

^[1]; Pihan, G. ^[2]; Monnai, A. ^[3]; Ryu, S. ^[4]; Senthilkumar, N. ^[4]; Staudenmaier, J. ^[5]; Elfner, H. ^[6];

^[7]; Putschke, J. H. ^[4]; Shen, C. ^[4]; Bass, S. A. ^[8]; Chartier, M. ^[9]; Chen, Y. ^[10]; Datta, R. ^[4]; Dolan, R. ^[4]; Du, L. ^[11]; Ehlers, R. ^[12]; Fries, R. J. ^[13]; Gale, C. ^[14]; Hangal, D. A. ^[15] more »

Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI (United States); JETSCAPE Collaboration; et al.
University of Houston
Osaka Institute of Technology
Wayne State University
Goethe University
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung; Goethe University; Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies
Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory
Duke University
University of Liverpool
Vanderbilt University
University of California; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; McGill University
University of California; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Texas A&M University; Texas A&M University
McGill University
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Wayne State University
University of Regina
Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Universidade de São Paulo
University of Tennessee
University of Jyväskylä; FI-00014 University of Helsinki
Akita International University
Central China Normal University; University of California; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Here, we employ the SMASH transport model to provide event-by-event initial conditions for the energy-momentum tensor and conserved charge currents in hydrodynamic simulations of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We study the fluctuations and dynamical evolution of three conserved charge currents (net baryon, net electric charges, and net strangeness) with a four-dimensional lattice-QCD-based equation of state, NEOS-4D, in the hydrodynamic phase. Out-of-equilibrium corrections at the particlization are generalized to finite densities to ensure the conservation of energy, momentum, and the three types of charges. These theoretical developments are integrated within the X-SCAPE code as a unified framework for studying the nuclear matter properties in the Beam Energy Scan program.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC52-07NA27344; FG02-05ER41367; FG02-92ER40713; SC0012704; SC0013460; SC0021969; SC0024232; SC0024347; SC0024660

OSTI ID:: 3021091

Report Number(s):: BNL--229510-2026-JAAM

Journal Information:: Physical Review. C, Journal Name: Physical Review. C Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 113; ISSN 2469-9985; ISSN 2469-9993

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Intraatomic correlation correction in the FORS model

Journal Article · Thu May 23 04:00:00 UTC 1985 · J. Phys. Chem.; (United States) · OSTI ID:5133773

Lam, B; Schmidt, M W; Ruedenberg, K

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73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
relativistic heavy-ion collisions
relativistic hydrodynamics
transport in heavy-ion collisions

Title: Transport-based initial conditions for heavy-ion collisions at finite densities

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