Dielectron production in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02TeV

Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Aglieri Rinella, G.; Agnello, M.; Agrawal, N.; Ahammed, Z.; Ahmad, S.; Ahn, S. U.; Ahuja, I.; Akindinov, A.; Al-Turany, M.; Aleksandrov, D.; Alessandro, B.; Alfanda, H. M.; Alfaro Molina, R.; Ali, B.; Alici, A.; Alizadehvandchali, N.; Alkin, A.; Alme, J.; Alocco, G.; Alt, T.; Altamura, A. R.; Altsybeev, I.; Alvarado, J. R.; Anaam, M. N.; Andrei, C.; Andreou, N.; Andronic, A.; Anguelov, V.; Antinori, F.; Antonioli, P.; Apadula, N.; Aphecetche, L.; Appelshäuser, H.; Arata, C.; Arcelli, S.; Aresti, M.; Arnaldi, R.; Arneiro, J. G. M. C. A.; Arsene, I. C.; Arslandok, M.; Augustinus, A.; Averbeck, R.; Azmi, M. D.; Baba, H.; Badalà, A.; Bae, J.; Baek, Y. W.; Bai, X.; Bailhache, R.; Bailung, Y.; Balbino, A.; Baldisseri, A.; Balis, B.; Banerjee, D.; Banoo, Z.; Barbera, R.; Barile, F.; Barioglio, L.; Barlou, M.; Barman, B.; Barnaföldi, G. G.; Barnby, L. 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D.; Budnikov, D.; Buesching, H.; Bufalino, S.; Buhler, P.; Burmasov, N.; Buthelezi, Z.; Bylinkin, A.; Bysiak, S. A.; Cai, M.; Caines, H.; Caliva, A.; Calvo Villar, E.; Camacho, J. M. M.; Camerini, P.; Canedo, F. D. M.; Cantway, S. L.; Carabas, M.; Carballo, A. A.; Carnesecchi, F.; Caron, R.; Carvalho, L. A. D.; Castillo Castellanos, J.; Catalano, F.; Ceballos Sanchez, C.; Chakaberia, I.; Chakraborty, P.; Chandra, S.; Chapeland, S.; Chartier, M.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Cheng, T.; Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Chibante Barroso, V.; Chinellato, D. D.; Chizzali, E. S.; Cho, J.; Cho, S.; Chochula, P.; Choudhury, D.; Christakoglou, P.; Christensen, C. H.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Ciacco, M.; Cicalo, C.; Cindolo, F.; Ciupek, M. R.; Clai, G.; Colamaria, F.; Colburn, J. S.; Colella, D.; Colocci, M.; Concas, M.; Conesa Balbastre, G.; Conesa del Valle, Z.; Contin, G.; Contreras, J. G.; Coquet, M. L.; Cortese, P.; Cosentino, M. R.; Costa, F.; Costanza, S.; Cot, C.; Crkovská, J.; Crochet, P.; Cruz-Torres, R.; Cui, P.; Dainese, A.; Danisch, M. C.; Danu, A.; Das, P.; Das, P.; Das, S.; Dash, A. R.; Dash, S.; De Caro, A.; de Cataldo, G.; de Cuveland, J.; De Falco, A.; De Gruttola, D.; De Marco, N.; De Martin, C.; De Pasquale, S.; Deb, R.; Del Grande, R.; Dello Stritto, L.; Deng, W.; Dhankher, P.; Di Bari, D.; Di Mauro, A.; Diab, B.; Diaz, R. A.; Dietel, T.; Ding, Y.; Ditzel, J.; Divià, R.; Dixit, D. U.; Djuvsland, Ø.; Dmitrieva, U.; Dobrin, A.; Dönigus, B.; Dubinski, J. M.; Dubla, A.; Dudi, S.; Dupieux, P.; Durkac, M.; Dzalaiova, N.; Eder, T. M.; Ehlers, R. J.; Eisenhut, F.; Ejima, R.; Elia, D.; Erazmus, B.; Ercolessi, F.; Espagnon, B.; Eulisse, G.; Evans, D.; Evdokimov, S.; Fabbietti, L.; Faggin, M.; Faivre, J.; Fan, F.; Fan, W.; Fantoni, A.; Fasel, M.; Feliciello, A.; Feofilov, G.; Fernández Téllez, A.; Ferrandi, L.; Ferrer, M. B.; Ferrero, A.; Ferrero, C.; Ferretti, A.; Feuillard, V. J. 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doi:10.1103/xl6m-vbqk

Title: Dielectron production in central Pb-Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$$ = 5.02TeV

Journal Article · Tue Nov 18 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Physical Review. C

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/xl6m-vbqk · OSTI ID:3011943

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Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC
Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN
INFN, Sezione di Bologna
Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute
Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University
Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
INFN, Sezione di Torino
Central China Normal University
Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università
University of Houston
Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen
INFN, Sezione di Cagliari
Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt
INFN, Sezione di Bari
Technische Universität München
High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering
University of Derby
Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik
Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
INFN, Sezione di Padova
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3
Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Department of Physics, University of Oslo
Yale University
University of Tokyo
INFN, Sezione di Catania
Sungkyunkwan University
Gangneung-Wonju National University
University of Science and Technology of China
Indian Institute of Technology Indore
Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN)
AGH University of Krakow
Bose Institute, Department of Physics
Physics Department, University of Jammu
Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin'
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics
Gauhati University, Department of Physics
HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics
Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory
University of Liverpool
Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics
Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT)
Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
Institute of Space Science (ISS)
INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati
Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague
The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
The University of Texas at Austin
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia; INFN, Sezione di Pavia
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Inha University
Università di Brescia; INFN, Sezione di Pavia
Politecnico di Bari; Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin'
Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI)
iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation; University of the Witwatersrand
Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell'Università
Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa
Universitatea Nationala de Stiinta si Tehnologie Politehnica Bucuresti
Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute
Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; Central China Normal University
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics
University of Tsukuba
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab
Università del Piemonte Orientale; INFN, Sezione di Torino
Universidade Federal do ABC
National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute
Università di Brescia
Department of Physics, University of California
Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN; Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN)
University of Cape Town
Warsaw University of Technology
Physics Department, Panjab University
Technical University of Košice
Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics
Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University
iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation
INFN, Sezione di Trieste
Saga University
Chicago State University
University of Kansas
Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; INFN, Sezione di Torino
University of Tennessee
Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science
Wayne State University
University of Split
Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef
Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN; A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation
Yonsei University
University of Jyväskylä
Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV)
Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik
Ohio State University
COMSATS University Islamabad
Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics; Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN
Department of Physics, Pusan National University
China Institute of Atomic Energy
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
Suranaree University of Technology
Slovak Academy of Sciences
KTO Karatay University
Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Warsaw University of Technology
Zentrum für Technologie und Transfer (ZTT)
Jeonbuk National University
Department of Physics, Sejong University
California Polytechnic State University
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European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham; Slovak Academy of Sciences
National Centre for Nuclear Research
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3; University of Derby
University of South-Eastern Norway
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Technische Universität München
Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN)
Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH; University of Science and Technology of China
Fudan University
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab; National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute
Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina; INFN, Sezione di Catania
Università degli Studi di Foggia; INFN, Sezione di Bari
University of the Witwatersrand
Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP)
University of Cape Town; iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation
Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN; Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Chungbuk National University
China University of Geosciences
SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3; Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
INFN, Sezione di Bologna; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
Creighton University
Oak Ridge National Laboratory; University of Tennessee
National Nuclear Research Center
Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute
Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen
Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Inha University
Nara Women's University (NWU)
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina; INFN, Sezione di Catania
Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia
Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
INFN, Sezione di Padova; Central China Normal University

The first measurement of the 𝑒⁺⁢𝑒⁻ pair production at midrapidity and low invariant mass in central Pb-Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$$ = 5.02 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. The yield of 𝑒⁺⁢𝑒⁻ pairs is compared with a cocktail of expected hadronic decay contributions in the invariant mass (𝑚𝑒⁢𝑒) and pair transverse momentum (𝑝_{T,𝑒⁢𝑒}) ranges 𝑚_𝑒⁢𝑒 < 3.5 GeV/𝑐² and 𝑝_{T,𝑒⁢𝑒} < 8 GeV/𝑐. For 0.18 < 𝑚_𝑒⁢𝑒 < 0.5 GeV/𝑐² the ratio of data to the cocktail of hadronic contributions amounts to 1.40 ± 0.11⁢(stat.) ± 0.23 ⁢(syst.) ± 0.16⁢ (cocktail) and 1.42 ± 0.11⁢ (stat.) ± 0.23 (syst.)$$^{+0.24}_{−0.29}$$ ⁢(cocktail), including or not including medium effects in the estimation of the heavy-flavor background, respectively. It is consistent with predictions from two different models for an additional contribution of thermal 𝑒+⁢𝑒− pairs from the hadronic and partonic phases. In the intermediate-mass range (1.2 < 𝑚_𝑒⁢𝑒 < 2.6 GeV/𝑐²), the pair transverse impact parameter of the 𝑒⁺⁢𝑒⁻ pairs (DCA𝑒⁢𝑒, where “DCA” denotes “distance of closest approach”) is used for the first time in Pb-Pb collisions to separate displaced dielectrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays from a possible (thermal) contribution produced at the interaction point. The data are consistent with a suppression of 𝑒⁺⁢𝑒⁻ pairs from $$𝑐\bar{𝑐}$$ and an additional prompt component. Finally, the first direct-photon measurement in the 10% most central Pb-Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$$ = 5.02 TeV is reported via the study of virtual direct photons in the transverse momentum range 1 < 𝑝_T < 5 GeV/𝑐. A model including prompt photons, as well as photons from the preequilibrium and fluid-dynamic phases, can reproduce the result, while being at the upper edge of the data uncertainties.

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Research Organization:: Academy of Finland; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Yale University, New Haven, CT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Academy of Finland; Czech Science Foundation; European Research Council; USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP) (SC-26)

Contributing Organization:: ALICE Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0004168

OSTI ID:: 3011943

Journal Information:: Physical Review. C, Journal Name: Physical Review. C Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 112; ISSN 2469-9985; ISSN 2469-9993

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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