The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 power spectra, likelihoods and ΛCDM parameters

Louis, Thibaut; La Posta, Adrien; Atkins, Zachary; Jense, Hidde T.; Abril-Cabezas, Irene; Addison, Graeme E.; Ade, Peter A.R.; Aiola, Simone; Alford, Tommy; Alonso, David; Amiri, Mandana; An, Rui; Austermann, Jason E.; Barbavara, Eleonora; Battaglia, Nicholas; Battistelli, Elia Stefano; Beall, James A.; Bean, Rachel; Beheshti, Ali; Beringue, Benjamin; Bhandarkar, Tanay; Biermann, Emily; Bolliet, Boris; Bond, J Richard; Calabrese, Erminia; Capalbo, Valentina; Carrero, Felipe; Chen, Shi-Fan; Chesmore, Grace; Cho, Hsiao-mei; Choi, Steve K.; Clark, Susan E.; Cothard, Nicholas F.; Coughlin, Kevin; Coulton, William; Crichton, Devin; Crowley, Kevin T.; Darwish, Omar; Devlin, Mark J.; Dicker, Simon; Duell, Cody J.; Duff, Shannon M.; Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J.; Dunkley, Jo; Dunner, Rolando; Embil Villagra, Carmen; Fankhanel, Max; Farren, Gerrit S.; Ferraro, Simone; Foster, Allen; Freundt, Rodrigo; Fuzia, Brittany; Gallardo, Patricio A.; Garrido, Xavier; Gerbino, Martina; Giardiello, Serena; Gill, Ajay; Givans, Jahmour; Gluscevic, Vera; Goldstein, Samuel; Golec, Joseph E.; Gong, Yulin; Guan, Yilun; Halpern, Mark; Harrison, Ian; Hasselfield, Matthew; Healy, Erin; Henderson, Shawn; Hensley, Brandon; Hervías-Caimapo, Carlos; Hill, J. Colin; Hilton, Gene C.; Hilton, Matt; Hincks, Adam D.; Hložek, Renée; Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty; Hood, John; Hornecker, Erika; Huber, Zachary B.; Hubmayr, Johannes; Huffenberger, Kevin M.; Hughes, John P.; Ikape, Margaret; Irwin, Kent; Isopi, Giovanni; Joshi, Neha; Keller, Ben; Kim, Joshua; Knowles, Kenda; Koopman, Brian J.; Kosowsky, Arthur; Kramer, Darby; Kusiak, Aleksandra; Laguë, Alex; Lakey, Victoria; Lee, Eunseong; Li, Yaqiong; Li, Zack; Limon, Michele; Lokken, Martine; Lungu, Marius; MacCrann, Niall; MacInnis, Amanda; Madhavacheril, Mathew S.; Maldonado, Diego; Maldonado, Felipe; Mallaby-Kay, Maya; Marques, Gabriela A.; van Marrewijk, Joshiwa; McCarthy, Fiona; McMahon, Jeff; Mehta, Yogesh; Menanteau, Felipe; Moodley, Kavilan; Morris, Thomas W.; Mroczkowski, Tony; Naess, Sigurd; Namikawa, Toshiya; Nati, Federico; Nerval, Simran K.; Newburgh, Laura; Nicola, Andrina; Niemack, Michael D.; Nolta, Michael R.; Orlowski-Scherer, John; Pagano, Luca; Page, Lyman A.; Pandey, Shivam; Partridge, Bruce; Perez Sarmiento, Karen; Prince, Heather; Puddu, Roberto; Qu, Frank J.; Ragavan, Damien C.; Ried Guachalla, Bernardita; Rogers, Keir K.; Rojas, Felipe; Sakuma, Tai; Schaan, Emmanuel; Schmitt, Benjamin L.; Sehgal, Neelima; Shaikh, Shabbir; Sherwin, Blake D.; Sierra, Carlos; Sievers, Jon; Sifón, Cristóbal; Simon, Sara; Sonka, Rita; Spergel, David N.; Staggs, Suzanne T.; Storer, Emilie; Surrao, Kristen; Switzer, Eric R.; Tampier, Niklas; Thornton, Robert; Trac, Hy; Tucker, Carole; Ullom, Joel; Vale, Leila R.; Van Engelen, Alexander; Van Lanen, Jeff; Vargas, Cristian; Vavagiakis, Eve M.; Wagoner, Kasey; Wang, Yuhan; Wenzl, Lukas; Wollack, Edward J.; Zheng, Kaiwen

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2025/11/062

Title: The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 power spectra, likelihoods and ΛCDM parameters

Journal Article · Wed Nov 19 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/11/062 · OSTI ID:3008494

;

; Alford, Tommy;

;

; An, Rui;

; Barbavara, Eleonora;

;

We present power spectra of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy in temperature and polarization, measured from the Data Release 6 maps made from Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) data. These cover 19,000 deg² of sky in bands centered at 98, 150 and 220 GHz, with white noise levels three times lower than Planck in polarization. We find that the ACT angular power spectra estimated over 10,000 deg², and measured to arcminute scales in TT, TE and EE, are well fit by the sum of CMB and foregrounds, where the CMB spectra are described by the ΛCDM model. Combining ACT with larger-scale Planck data, the joint P-ACT dataset provides tight limits on the ingredients, expansion rate, and initial conditions of the universe. We find similar constraining power, and consistent results, from either the Planck power spectra or from ACT combined with WMAP data, as well as from either temperature or polarization in the joint P-ACT dataset. When combined with CMB lensing from ACT and Planck, and baryon acoustic oscillation data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI DR1), we measure a baryon density of Ω_bh² = 0.0226 ± 0.0001, a cold dark matter density of Ω_ch² = 0.118 ± 0.001, a Hubble constant of H₀ = 68.22 ± 0.36 km/s/Mpc, a spectral index of n_s = 0.974 ± 0.003, and an amplitude of density fluctuations of σ₈ = 0.813 ± 0.005. Including the DESI DR2 data tightens the Hubble constant to H₀ = 68.43 ± 0.27 km/s/Mpc; ΛCDM parameters agree between the P-ACT and DESI DR2 data at the 1.6σ level. We find no evidence for excess lensing in the power spectrum, and no departure from spatial flatness. The contribution from Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) anisotropy is detected at high significance; we find evidence for a tilt with suppressed small-scale power compared to our baseline SZ template spectrum, consistent with hydrodynamical simulations with feedback.

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Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Stony Brook University, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Contributing Organization:: The Atacama Cosmology Telescope collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: 89243024CSC000002; AC02-05CH11231; SC0025309

OSTI ID:: 3008494

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB--25-0071-PPD

Journal Information:: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 2025; ISSN 1475-7516

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The Power Spectra of Polarized, Dusty Filaments Huffenberger, Kevin M.; Rotti, Aditya; Collins, David C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 899, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab9df9	journal	August 2020
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The Pantheon+ Analysis: Cosmological Constraints Brout, Dillon; Scolnic, Dan; Popovic, Brodie The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 938, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8e04	journal	October 2022
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Systematic Transient Search of 3 Day Maps Li, Yaqiong; Biermann, Emily; Naess, Sigurd The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 956, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace599	journal	October 2023
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the DR6 CMB Lensing Power Spectrum and Its Implications for Structure Growth Qu, Frank J.; Sherwin, Blake D.; Madhavacheril, Mathew S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 962, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfe06	journal	February 2024
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters Madhavacheril, Mathew S.; Qu, Frank J.; Sherwin, Blake D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 962, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acff5f	journal	February 2024
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Galactic Dust Structure and the Cosmic PAH Background in Cross-correlation with WISE Córdova Rosado, Rodrigo; Hensley, Brandon S.; Clark, Susan E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 960, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad05cd	journal	January 2024
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Mitigating the Impact of Extragalactic Foregrounds for the DR6 Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing Analysis MacCrann, Niall; Sherwin, Blake D.; Qu, Frank J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 966, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2610	journal	April 2024
Small Magellanic Cloud Cepheids Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope Provide a New Anchor for the SH0ES Distance Ladder Breuval, Louise; Riess, Adam G.; Casertano, Stefano The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 973, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad630e	journal	September 2024
Status Report on the Chicago-Carnegie Hubble Program (CCHP): Measurement of the Hubble Constant Using the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes Freedman, Wendy L.; Madore, Barry F.; Hoyt, Taylor J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 985, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adce78	journal	May 2025
A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹ Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team Riess, Adam G.; Yuan, Wenlong; Macri, Lucas M. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 934, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac5c5b	journal	July 2022

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