Experimental Setup to Investigate Hydrogen Isotope Retention on Powder Samples as Slag/Dust Proxies for Advanced Fusion Reactors

Abe, Shota; Sawford, Sara; Gan, Kaifu; Jaramillo-Correa, Camilo; Kuang, Adam; Chrobak, Christopher; Bortolon, Alessandro

doi:10.1080/15361055.2025.2556626

Title: Experimental Setup to Investigate Hydrogen Isotope Retention on Powder Samples as Slag/Dust Proxies for Advanced Fusion Reactors

Journal Article · Wed Oct 22 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Fusion Science and Technology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2025.2556626 · OSTI ID:3001050

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Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Commonwealth Fusion Systems, Cambridge, MA (United States)

Slag/dust formation is one of the critical issues regarding tritium retention in advanced fusion reactors. We upgraded an ultrahigh vacuum device, the sample exposure station (SES), to perform temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), also known as thermal desorption spectroscopy, to investigate deuterium (D) retention in powder samples that are utilized as proxies for slag/dust particles formed in fusion reactors. TPD analysis, calibrated for the desorption rate, was successfully performed on commercially available crystalline/amorphous boron (B) powder after D₂ neutral gas or D⁺ ion exposure. We calibrated the B powder temperature measurement for TPD analysis utilizing a D₂ desorption peak from B-D bonding known for its desorption temperature ~700 K. We introduce a separation procedure of observed D TPD signals, convoluted for corresponding D retention pathways, that was necessary for TPD analysis. This is the first report on the retention of D₂ neutral gas to B, and this observation was enabled by utilizing the B powder sample, which has a larger surface area than films commonly used in laboratory experiments. In conclusion, the upgraded SES system will enable us to investigate hydrogen isotope behaviors for powder/dust samples of various elemental compositions, including metals.

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Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; SC0008309

OSTI ID:: 3001050

Journal Information:: Fusion Science and Technology, Journal Name: Fusion Science and Technology; ISSN 1943-7641; ISSN 1536-1055

Publisher:: Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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