Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM

Baer, Howard A.; Barger, Vernon; Deal, Robert Wiley

doi:10.1007/jhep06(2023)083

Title: Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM

Abstract

The supersymmetrized DFSZ axion model is especially compelling in that it contains 1. the SUSY solution to the gauge hierarchy problem, 2. the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) solution to the strong CP problem and 3. the Kim-Nilles solution to the SUSY μ problem. In a string setting, where a discrete R-symmetry ($$Z$$$^{R}_{24}$$ for example) may emerge from the compactification process, a high-quality accidental axion (accion) can emerge from the accidental, approximate remnant global U(1)_PQ symmetry where the decay constant f_a is linked to the SUSY breaking scale, and is within the cosmological sweet zone. In this setup, one also expects the presence of stringy remnant moduli fields Φ_i. Here, we consider the situation of a single light modulus Φ coupled to the PQMSSM in the early universe, with mixed axion plus higgsino-like WIMP dark matter. We evaluate dark matter and dark radiation production via nine coupled Boltzmann equations and assess the severity of the cosmological moduli problem (CMP) along with dark matter and dark radiation production rates. We find that typically the light modulus mass should be m_Φ ≳ 10⁴ TeV to avoid the moduli-induced dark matter overproduction problem. If one is able to (anthropically) tune the modulus field amplitude, we find a value of Φ₀ ≲ 10^–7m_P would be required to solve the overall CMP.

Authors:

^[1]; Barger, Vernon ^[2]; Deal, Robert Wiley ^[1]

University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2023

Research Org.:: Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1992134

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0009956; SC0017647

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2023; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer Nature

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Dark matter; Early universe; Cosmology of Theories BSM; Models for Dark Matter; Supersymmetry; Early Universe Particle Physics

Citation Formats


                    Baer, Howard A., Barger, Vernon, and Deal, Robert Wiley. Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM.  United States: N. p., 2023. 
Web.  doi:10.1007/jhep06(2023)083.

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                    Baer, Howard A., Barger, Vernon, & Deal, Robert Wiley. Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2023)083

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                    Baer, Howard A., Barger, Vernon, and Deal, Robert Wiley. Thu .  
"Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2023)083.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1992134.

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@article{osti_1992134,

  title        = {Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM},

  author       = {Baer, Howard A. and Barger, Vernon and Deal, Robert Wiley},

  abstractNote = {The supersymmetrized DFSZ axion model is especially compelling in that it contains 1. the SUSY solution to the gauge hierarchy problem, 2. the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) solution to the strong CP problem and 3. the Kim-Nilles solution to the SUSY μ problem. In a string setting, where a discrete R-symmetry ($Z$$^{R}_{24}$ for example) may emerge from the compactification process, a high-quality accidental axion (accion) can emerge from the accidental, approximate remnant global U(1)PQ symmetry where the decay constant fa is linked to the SUSY breaking scale, and is within the cosmological sweet zone. In this setup, one also expects the presence of stringy remnant moduli fields Φi. Here, we consider the situation of a single light modulus Φ coupled to the PQMSSM in the early universe, with mixed axion plus higgsino-like WIMP dark matter. We evaluate dark matter and dark radiation production via nine coupled Boltzmann equations and assess the severity of the cosmological moduli problem (CMP) along with dark matter and dark radiation production rates. We find that typically the light modulus mass should be mΦ ≳ 104 TeV to avoid the moduli-induced dark matter overproduction problem. If one is able to (anthropically) tune the modulus field amplitude, we find a value of Φ0 ≲ 10–7mP would be required to solve the overall CMP.},

  doi          = {10.1007/jhep06(2023)083},

  journal      = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 2023,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2023},

  month        = {Thu Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2023}

}

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journal, March 2018

Baer, Howard; Barger, Vernon; Serce, Hasan
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP03(2018)002

Scanning the landscape of flux compactifications: vacuum structure and soft supersymmetry breaking
journal, December 2007

AbdusSalam, Shehu S.; Conlon, Joseph P.; Quevedo, Fernando
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2007, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/12/036

Constraints on the reheating temperature in gravitino dark matter scenarios
journal, May 2007

Pradler, Josef; Steffen, Frank Daniel
Physics Letters B, Vol. 648, Issue 2-3
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2007.02.072

Mixed axion/neutralino dark matter in the SUSY DFSZ axion model
journal, December 2013

Bae, Kyu Jung; Baer, Howard; Chun, Eung Jin
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/12/028

Radiative Natural Supersymmetry with a 125 GeV Higgs Boson
journal, October 2012

Baer, Howard; Barger, Vernon; Huang, Peisi
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 16
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.161802

Planck-scale corrections to axion models
journal, July 1992

Barr, S. M.; Seckel, D.
Physical Review D, Vol. 46, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.46.539

Parametric resonance for complex fields
journal, February 2000

Allahverdi, Rouzbeh; David Shaw, R. H. A.; Campbell, Bruce
Physics Letters B, Vol. 473, Issue 3-4
DOI: 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)01302-7

High quality axion in supersymmetric models
journal, December 2022

Choi, Gongjun; Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2022, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP12(2022)067

Counting Flux Vacua
journal, January 2004

Ashok, Sujay K.; Douglas, Michael R.
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2004, Issue 01
DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/01/060

The dark universe after reheating in string inflation
journal, December 2022

Cicoli, Michele; Sinha, Kuver; Deal, Robert Wiley
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2022, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP12(2022)068

Soft SUSY breaking terms for chiral matter in IIB string compactifications
journal, January 2007

Conlon, Joseph P.; Abdussalam, Shehu S.; Quevedo, Fernando
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2007, Issue 01
DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/01/032

Dark matter production in the early Universe: Beyond the thermal WIMP paradigm
journal, February 2015

Baer, Howard; Choi, Ki-Young; Kim, Jihn E.
Physics Reports, Vol. 555
DOI: 10.1016/j.physrep.2014.10.002

The Early Universe
book, March 2018

Kolb, Edward
CRC Press
DOI: 10.1201/9780429492860

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Title: Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM

Abstract

Citation Formats

SUSY breaking in local string/F-theory models journal, September 2009

Sequestering in string theory journal, October 2007

Confronting the moduli-induced lightest-superpartner problem journal, February 2015

Coupled Boltzmann computation of mixed axion neutralino dark matter in the SUSY DFSZ axion model journal, October 2014

Prospects for axion detection in natural SUSY with mixed axion-higgsino dark matter: back to invisible? journal, June 2017

Supersymmetric relics from the big bang journal, June 1984

The Higgs mass and natural supersymmetric spectrum from the landscape journal, July 2016

Cosmology of the invisible axion journal, January 1983

Explicit de Sitter flux vacua for global string models with chiral matter journal, May 2014

Accions journal, May 2009

Revisiting the SUSY μ problem and its solutions in the LHC era journal, June 2019

The cosmological moduli problem and preheating journal, May 2001

Coupled Boltzmann calculation of mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter production in the early universe journal, January 2012

Gravitino production from heavy moduli decay and cosmological moduli problem revived journal, July 2006

Naturalness, String Landscape and Multiverse book, March 2021

A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion journal, August 1981

Production and dilution of gravitinos by modulus decay journal, August 2004

Stringy Origin of Discrete R-symmetries conference, October 2017

Dimensionless constants, cosmology, and other dark matters journal, January 2006

Radiative natural supersymmetry emergent from the string landscape journal, March 2022

Direct, indirect and collider detection of neutralino dark matter in SUSY models with non-universal Higgs masses journal, July 2005

Moduli-Induced Gravitino Problem journal, June 2006

Cosmological problems for the polonyi potential journal, November 1983

Big-bang nucleosynthesis with unstable gravitino and upper bound on the reheating temperature journal, June 2006

Soft supersymmetry breaking in KKLT flux compactification journal, July 2005

Weak Scale Supersymmetry book, January 2006

Bounds on scalar masses in theories of moduli stabilization journal, April 2014

Explaining the electroweak scale and stabilizing moduli in M theory journal, December 2007

Baryogenesis from flat directions of the supersymmetric standard model journal, January 1996

Moduli decays and gravitinos journal, June 2006

Inflation and eternal inflation journal, August 2000

Supersymmetry Breaking in the Anthropic Landscape book, February 2005

Gravitinos from heavy scalar decay journal, July 2006

Inflationary predictions and moduli masses journal, December 2015

Axions in string theory journal, June 2006

Inflation and String Theory book, May 2015

Radiative natural supersymmetry: Reconciling electroweak fine-tuning and the Higgs boson mass journal, June 2013

Scales and hierarchies in warped compactifications and brane worlds journal, March 2003

Mainly axion cold dark matter from natural supersymmetry journal, February 2014

Neutralino dark matter from heavy axino decay journal, June 2008

Mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter in supersymmetric models journal, June 2011

Big-bang nucleosynthesis and gravitinos journal, September 2008

Dark radiation and dark matter in large volume compactifications journal, November 2012

Model-independent properties and cosmological implications of the dilaton and moduli sectors of 4D strings journal, December 1993

Cosmological moduli and the post-inflationary universe: A critical review journal, July 2015

Gravity safe, electroweak natural axionic solution to strong CP and SUSY μ problems journal, March 2019

Gravitino Overproduction through Moduli Decay journal, August 1998

Cosmology of the DFSZ axino journal, March 2012

A cosmological bound on the invisible axion journal, January 1983

Sequestered de Sitter string scenarios: soft-terms journal, November 2014

The type IIB string axiverse and its low-energy phenomenology journal, October 2012

Sequestering in string compactifications journal, June 2011

SUSY under siege from direct and indirect WIMP detection experiments journal, December 2016

Constraints on string vacua with spacetime supersymmetry journal, September 1988

Gaugino condensation with a doubly suppressed gravitino mass journal, August 2008

Neutralino relic density in minimal supergravity with co-annihilations journal, March 2002

Gamma Rays from SN 1987A due to Pseudoscalar Conversion journal, September 1996

High-quality axions in solutions to the μ problem journal, September 2021

Wino cold dark matter from anomaly mediated SUSY breaking journal, March 2000

On the evolution of global strings in the early universe journal, September 1987

Supersymmetry Breaking in the Early Universe journal, July 1995

The not-so-harmless axion journal, January 1983

Anthropic Bound on the Cosmological Constant journal, November 1987

Hierarchies from fluxes in string compactifications journal, November 2002

Cosmological implications of dynamical supersymmetry breaking journal, January 1994

The μ-problem and the strong CP-problem journal, April 1984

Axino mass in supergravity models journal, August 1995

Was the Universe actually radiation dominated prior to nucleosynthesis? journal, August 2017

A brief history of the multiverse journal, January 2017

Constraint on the Photino Mass from Cosmology journal, May 1983

SN 1987A gamma-ray limits on the conversion of pseudoscalars journal, September 1996

Dark radiation constraints on mixed Axion/Neutralino dark matter journal, April 2013

Out of this world supersymmetry breaking journal, September 1999

Axion cosmology and the energy scale of inflation journal, October 2008

Discrete Abelian gauge symmetries and axions journal, July 2015

The stochastic gravitational wave background from turbulence and magnetic fields generated by a first-order phase transition journal, December 2009

Dilaton destabilization at high temperature journal, November 2004

SUSY breaking in local string/F-theory models
journal, September 2009

Sequestering in string theory
journal, October 2007

Confronting the moduli-induced lightest-superpartner problem
journal, February 2015

Coupled Boltzmann computation of mixed axion neutralino dark matter in the SUSY DFSZ axion model
journal, October 2014

Prospects for axion detection in natural SUSY with mixed axion-higgsino dark matter: back to invisible?
journal, June 2017

Supersymmetric relics from the big bang
journal, June 1984

The Higgs mass and natural supersymmetric spectrum from the landscape
journal, July 2016

Cosmology of the invisible axion
journal, January 1983

Explicit de Sitter flux vacua for global string models with chiral matter
journal, May 2014

Accions
journal, May 2009

Revisiting the SUSY $μ$ problem and its solutions in the LHC era
journal, June 2019

The cosmological moduli problem and preheating
journal, May 2001

Coupled Boltzmann calculation of mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter production in the early universe
journal, January 2012

Gravitino production from heavy moduli decay and cosmological moduli problem revived
journal, July 2006

Naturalness, String Landscape and Multiverse
book, March 2021

A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion
journal, August 1981

Production and dilution of gravitinos by modulus decay
journal, August 2004

Stringy Origin of Discrete R-symmetries
conference, October 2017

Dimensionless constants, cosmology, and other dark matters
journal, January 2006

Radiative natural supersymmetry emergent from the string landscape
journal, March 2022

Direct, indirect and collider detection of neutralino dark matter in SUSY models with non-universal Higgs masses
journal, July 2005

Moduli-Induced Gravitino Problem
journal, June 2006

Cosmological problems for the polonyi potential
journal, November 1983

Big-bang nucleosynthesis with unstable gravitino and upper bound on the reheating temperature
journal, June 2006

Soft supersymmetry breaking in KKLT flux compactification
journal, July 2005

Weak Scale Supersymmetry
book, January 2006

Bounds on scalar masses in theories of moduli stabilization
journal, April 2014

Explaining the electroweak scale and stabilizing moduli in $M$ theory
journal, December 2007

Baryogenesis from flat directions of the supersymmetric standard model
journal, January 1996

Moduli decays and gravitinos
journal, June 2006

Inflation and eternal inflation
journal, August 2000

Supersymmetry Breaking in the Anthropic Landscape
book, February 2005

Gravitinos from heavy scalar decay
journal, July 2006

Inflationary predictions and moduli masses
journal, December 2015

Axions in string theory
journal, June 2006

Inflation and String Theory
book, May 2015

Radiative natural supersymmetry: Reconciling electroweak fine-tuning and the Higgs boson mass
journal, June 2013

Scales and hierarchies in warped compactifications and brane worlds
journal, March 2003

Mainly axion cold dark matter from natural supersymmetry
journal, February 2014

Neutralino dark matter from heavy axino decay
journal, June 2008

Mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter in supersymmetric models
journal, June 2011

Big-bang nucleosynthesis and gravitinos
journal, September 2008

Dark radiation and dark matter in large volume compactifications
journal, November 2012

Model-independent properties and cosmological implications of the dilaton and moduli sectors of 4D strings
journal, December 1993

Cosmological moduli and the post-inflationary universe: A critical review
journal, July 2015

Gravity safe, electroweak natural axionic solution to strong CP and SUSY μ problems
journal, March 2019

Gravitino Overproduction through Moduli Decay
journal, August 1998

Cosmology of the DFSZ axino
journal, March 2012

A cosmological bound on the invisible axion
journal, January 1983

Sequestered de Sitter string scenarios: soft-terms
journal, November 2014

The type IIB string axiverse and its low-energy phenomenology
journal, October 2012

Sequestering in string compactifications
journal, June 2011

SUSY under siege from direct and indirect WIMP detection experiments
journal, December 2016

Constraints on string vacua with spacetime supersymmetry
journal, September 1988

Gaugino condensation with a doubly suppressed gravitino mass
journal, August 2008

Neutralino relic density in minimal supergravity with co-annihilations
journal, March 2002

Gamma Rays from SN 1987A due to Pseudoscalar Conversion
journal, September 1996

High-quality axions in solutions to the μ problem
journal, September 2021

Wino cold dark matter from anomaly mediated SUSY breaking
journal, March 2000

On the evolution of global strings in the early universe
journal, September 1987

Supersymmetry Breaking in the Early Universe
journal, July 1995

The not-so-harmless axion
journal, January 1983

Anthropic Bound on the Cosmological Constant
journal, November 1987

Hierarchies from fluxes in string compactifications
journal, November 2002

Cosmological implications of dynamical supersymmetry breaking
journal, January 1994

The μ-problem and the strong CP-problem
journal, April 1984

Axino mass in supergravity models
journal, August 1995

Was the Universe actually radiation dominated prior to nucleosynthesis?
journal, August 2017

A brief history of the multiverse
journal, January 2017

Constraint on the Photino Mass from Cosmology
journal, May 1983

SN 1987A gamma-ray limits on the conversion of pseudoscalars
journal, September 1996

Dark radiation constraints on mixed Axion/Neutralino dark matter
journal, April 2013

Out of this world supersymmetry breaking
journal, September 1999

Axion cosmology and the energy scale of inflation
journal, October 2008

Discrete Abelian gauge symmetries and axions
journal, July 2015

The stochastic gravitational wave background from turbulence and magnetic fields generated by a first-order phase transition
journal, December 2009

Dilaton destabilization at high temperature
journal, November 2004

Reheating after Inflation
journal, December 1994

de Sitter vacua in string theory
journal, August 2003

Axion cold dark matter in nonstandard cosmologies
journal, March 2010