This content will become publicly available on Wed Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2024
A spall and diffraction study of nanosecond pressure release across the iron ε-α phase boundary
Abstract
The extreme response of polycrystalline iron at high pressures and high strain rates is revealed by means of high-power laser pulses. The compression portion of the pulse coupled with x-ray diffraction identifies the expected body-centered cubic (α) to hexagonal close packed (ε) displacive transformation. Upon release, observation shows that the complete reverse transformation takes approximately 8 ns and that the structure returns to its initial microstructural configuration, in a reversible transformation path. This is in good agreement with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations which predict an inverse dependence between transformation time and strain rate. The grain size is reduced from μm to nm range during compression and begins increasing back to the original grain size on decompression. The kinetics of the transition is dictated by heterogenous nucleation as it follows the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation with the appropriate time exponent of ~1. This is confirmed by MD simulations which also identify profuse twinning and dislocation generation. Here, the tensile pulse generated upon reflection at the free surface is captured by time-resolved free surface velocity measurements from which a peak tensile stress of 7 GPa is obtained, in stark contrast with its quasi-static value of ~200 MPa. At these strain rates, the strength ofmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[2];
[1];
[3]
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- CONICET and Universidad de Mendoza (Argentina)
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1989430
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1989060
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-845223
Journal ID: ISSN 1359-6454; 1068826
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; NA0003842; NA0003957; AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Acta Materialia
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 257; Journal Issue: na; Journal ID: ISSN 1359-6454
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Iron; High pressure; Spall; X-ray diffraction; Phase transformation; Molecular Dynamics
Citation Formats
Righi, Gaia, Briggs, Richard, Deluigi, Orlando R., Stan, Camelia V., Singh, Saransh, Clarke, Samantha M., Bringa, Eduardo M., Smith, Raymond F., Rudd, Robert E., Park, Hye-Sook, and Meyers, Marc A. A spall and diffraction study of nanosecond pressure release across the iron ε-α phase boundary. United States: N. p., 2023.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119148.
Righi, Gaia, Briggs, Richard, Deluigi, Orlando R., Stan, Camelia V., Singh, Saransh, Clarke, Samantha M., Bringa, Eduardo M., Smith, Raymond F., Rudd, Robert E., Park, Hye-Sook, & Meyers, Marc A. A spall and diffraction study of nanosecond pressure release across the iron ε-α phase boundary. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119148
Righi, Gaia, Briggs, Richard, Deluigi, Orlando R., Stan, Camelia V., Singh, Saransh, Clarke, Samantha M., Bringa, Eduardo M., Smith, Raymond F., Rudd, Robert E., Park, Hye-Sook, and Meyers, Marc A. Mon .
"A spall and diffraction study of nanosecond pressure release across the iron ε-α phase boundary". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119148.
@article{osti_1989430,
title = {A spall and diffraction study of nanosecond pressure release across the iron ε-α phase boundary},
author = {Righi, Gaia and Briggs, Richard and Deluigi, Orlando R. and Stan, Camelia V. and Singh, Saransh and Clarke, Samantha M. and Bringa, Eduardo M. and Smith, Raymond F. and Rudd, Robert E. and Park, Hye-Sook and Meyers, Marc A.},
abstractNote = {The extreme response of polycrystalline iron at high pressures and high strain rates is revealed by means of high-power laser pulses. The compression portion of the pulse coupled with x-ray diffraction identifies the expected body-centered cubic (α) to hexagonal close packed (ε) displacive transformation. Upon release, observation shows that the complete reverse transformation takes approximately 8 ns and that the structure returns to its initial microstructural configuration, in a reversible transformation path. This is in good agreement with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations which predict an inverse dependence between transformation time and strain rate. The grain size is reduced from μm to nm range during compression and begins increasing back to the original grain size on decompression. The kinetics of the transition is dictated by heterogenous nucleation as it follows the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation with the appropriate time exponent of ~1. This is confirmed by MD simulations which also identify profuse twinning and dislocation generation. Here, the tensile pulse generated upon reflection at the free surface is captured by time-resolved free surface velocity measurements from which a peak tensile stress of 7 GPa is obtained, in stark contrast with its quasi-static value of ~200 MPa. At these strain rates, the strength of grain interiors, which is determined by twinning and slip exceeds the strength of the boundaries, and failure initiates preferentially in the latter.},
doi = {10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119148},
journal = {Acta Materialia},
number = na,
volume = 257,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023},
month = {Mon Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
This content will become publicly available on July 10, 2024
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Role of $${\varvec{\alpha}} \to {\varvec{\varepsilon}} \to {\varvec{\alpha}}$$ phase transformation on the spall behavior of iron at atomic scales
journal, June 2022
- Ma, Ke; Dongare, Avinash M.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 57, Issue 26
Direct Observation of the Transition in Shock-Compressed Iron via Nanosecond X-Ray Diffraction
journal, August 2005
- Kalantar, D. H.; Belak, J. F.; Collins, G. W.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 7
Yield stress, polymorphic transformation, and spall fracture of shock-loaded iron in various structural states and at various temperatures
journal, May 2015
- Zaretsky, E. B.; Kanel, G. I.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 19
Line-imaging velocimeter for shock diagnostics at the OMEGA laser facility
journal, November 2004
- Celliers, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Collins, G. W.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 75, Issue 11
Influence of the reversible α–ε phase transition and preliminary shock compression on the spall strength of armco iron
journal, January 2016
- Garkushin, G. V.; Naumova, N. S.; Atroshenko, S. A.
- Technical Physics, Vol. 61, Issue 1
Polymorphism of Iron at High Pressure
journal, March 1956
- Bancroft, Dennison; Peterson, Eric L.; Minshall, Stanley
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 27, Issue 3
Atomistic simulations of shock-induced transformations and their orientation dependence in bcc Fe single crystals
journal, August 2005
- Kadau, Kai; Germann, Timothy C.; Lomdahl, Peter S.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 6
Atomsk: A tool for manipulating and converting atomic data files
journal, December 2015
- Hirel, Pierre
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 197
Compression Freezing Kinetics of Water to Ice VII
journal, July 2017
- Gleason, A. E.; Bolme, C. A.; Galtier, E.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 2
Shock-induced plasticity in nanocrystalline iron: Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations
journal, July 2020
- Luu, Hoang-Thien; Ravelo, Ramon J.; Rudolph, Martin
- Physical Review B, Vol. 102, Issue 2
Atomistic Study of the Role of Defects on α → ϵ Phase Transformations in Iron under Hydrostatic Compression
journal, September 2019
- Luu, Hoang-Thien; Veiga, Roberto G. A.; Gunkelmann, Nina
- Metals, Vol. 9, Issue 10
Microstructural effects and mechanism of bcc-hcp-bcc transformations in polycrystalline iron
journal, September 2020
- Merkel, Sébastien; Lincot, Ainhoa; Petitgirard, Sylvain
- Physical Review B, Vol. 102, Issue 10
Nonisentropic Release of a Shocked Solid
journal, December 2019
- Heighway, P. G.; Sliwa, M.; McGonegle, D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 24
GSAS-II : the genesis of a modern open-source all purpose crystallography software package
journal, March 2013
- Toby, Brian H.; Von Dreele, Robert B.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 46, Issue 2
Rare twin linked to high-pressure phase transition in iron
journal, May 2009
- Dougherty, L. M.; Gray III, G. T.; Cerreta, E. K.
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 60, Issue 9
Coupling between plasticity and phase transition in shock- and ramp-compressed single-crystal iron
journal, July 2018
- Amadou, N.; de Resseguier, T.; Dragon, A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 2
Hysteresis in the high pressure transformation of bcc‐ to hcp‐iron
journal, April 1991
- Taylor, R. D.; Pasternak, M. P.; Jeanloz, R.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 69, Issue 8
Towards the ultimate strength of iron: spalling through laser shock
journal, August 2021
- Righi, Gaia; Ruestes, Carlos J.; Stan, Camelia V.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 215
Plastic behavior of steel and iron in high strain rate regime
journal, March 2017
- Shu, Hua; Huang, Xiuguang; Pan, Hao
- International Journal of Fracture, Vol. 206, Issue 1
DIOPTAS : a program for reduction of two-dimensional X-ray diffraction data and data exploration
journal, May 2015
- Prescher, Clemens; Prakapenka, Vitali B.
- High Pressure Research, Vol. 35, Issue 3
Grain-Size and Alloying Effects on the Pressure-Induced bcc-to-hcp Transition in Nanocrystalline Iron
journal, January 2001
- Jiang, Jianzhong; Olsen, Janus Staun; Gerward, Leif
- MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS, Vol. 42, Issue 8
Shock wave study of the α ⇄ ε phase transition in iron
journal, November 1974
- Barker, L. M.; Hollenbach, R. E.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, Issue 11
Deformation resistance and fracture of iron over a wide strain rate range
journal, August 2014
- Kanel, G. I.; Razorenov, S. V.; Garkushin, G. V.
- Physics of the Solid State, Vol. 56, Issue 8
Kinetics of Phase Change. I General Theory
journal, December 1939
- Avrami, Melvin
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 12, p. 1103-1112
Experimental and atomic observations of phase transformations in shock-compressed single-crystal Fe
journal, December 2021
- Hu, Jianian; Liu, Xun; Mashimo, Tsutomu
- Materialia, Vol. 20
High-pressure nanocrystalline structure of a shock-compressed single crystal of iron
journal, December 2008
- Hawreliak, James A.; Kalantar, Daniel H.; Stölken, James S.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 78, Issue 22
Effect of Pressure on Crystal Structure and Lattice Parameters of Iron up to 300 kbar
journal, January 1967
- Mao, Ho‐Kwang; Bassett, William A.; Takahashi, Taro
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 38, Issue 1
Analysis of the x-ray diffraction signal for the transition in shock-compressed iron: Simulation and experiment
journal, November 2006
- Hawreliak, J.; Colvin, J. D.; Eggert, J. H.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 74, Issue 18
Microstructural fingerprints of phase transitions in shock-loaded iron
journal, January 2013
- Wang, S. J.; Sui, M. L.; Chen, Y. T.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Time-dependence of the alpha to epsilon phase transformation in iron
journal, December 2013
- Smith, R. F.; Eggert, J. H.; Swift, D. C.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 114, Issue 22
Metastability and dynamics of the shock-induced phase transition in iron
journal, February 1997
- Boettger, Jonathan C.; Wallace, Duane C.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 55, Issue 5
Probing the lattice structure of dynamically compressed and released single crystal iron through the alpha to epsilon phase transition
journal, April 2021
- Hawreliak, James A.; Turneaure, Stefan J.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 129, Issue 13
In situ x-ray diffraction of fast compressed iron: Analysis of strains and stress under non-hydrostatic pressure
journal, April 2015
- Konôpková, Zuzana; Rothkirch, André; Singh, Anil K.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 14
Laser shock-induced spalling and fragmentation in vanadium
journal, August 2010
- Jarmakani, H.; Maddox, B.; Wei, C. T.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 58, Issue 14
Morphological changes in polycrystalline Fe after compression and release
journal, February 2015
- Gunkelmann, Nina; Tramontina, Diego R.; Bringa, Eduardo M.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 8
Iron bcc-hcp transition: Local structure from x-ray-absorption fine structure
journal, March 1998
- Wang, F. M.; Ingalls, R.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 57, Issue 10
Robust structural identification via polyhedral template matching
journal, May 2016
- Larsen, Peter Mahler; Schmidt, Søren; Schiøtz, Jakob
- Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 24, Issue 5
Femtosecond Visualization of hcp-Iron Strength and Plasticity under Shock Compression
journal, November 2021
- Merkel, Sébastien; Hok, Sovanndara; Bolme, Cynthia
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 127, Issue 20
High‐Pressure α⇄ε Martensitic Transformation in Iron
journal, October 1971
- Giles, P. M.; Longenbach, M. H.; Marder, A. R.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 42, Issue 11
Spall strength dependence on grain size and strain rate in tantalum
journal, October 2018
- Remington, T. P.; Hahn, E. N.; Zhao, S.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 158
Polycrystalline iron under compression: Plasticity and phase transitions
journal, October 2012
- Gunkelmann, Nina; Bringa, Eduardo M.; Kang, Keonwook
- Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 14
Effects of the phase transition on wave propagation and spallation in laser shock-loaded iron
journal, May 2008
- de Rességuier, Thibaut; Hallouin, Martine
- Physical Review B, Vol. 77, Issue 17
Subnanosecond phase transition dynamics in laser-shocked iron
journal, June 2020
- Hwang, H.; Galtier, E.; Cynn, H.
- Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 23
Direct measurements of the α-ϵ transition stress and kinetics for shocked iron
journal, May 2009
- Jensen, B. J.; Gray, G. T.; Hixson, R. S.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 105, Issue 10
Visualization and analysis of atomistic simulation data with OVITO–the Open Visualization Tool
journal, December 2009
- Stukowski, Alexander
- Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 18, Issue 1
Reversibility of the structural transition in single crystal iron driven by uniaxial and triaxial strains: Atomistic study
journal, February 2021
- Guo, Xiu-Xia; Shao, Jian-Li; Lu, Guo
- International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 191
Kinetics of the iron phase transition at high-strain rates: Experiment and model
journal, June 2016
- Amadou, N.; de Resseguier, T.; Brambrink, E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 21
Kinetics of Phase Change. II Transformation‐Time Relations for Random Distribution of Nuclei
journal, February 1940
- Avrami, Melvin
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Shock Waves in Polycrystalline Iron
journal, March 2007
- Kadau, Kai; Germann, Timothy C.; Lomdahl, Peter S.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 13
Deformation of polycrystalline iron up to 30GPa and 1000K
journal, July 2004
- Merkel, Sébastien; Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Gillet, Philippe
- Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 145, Issue 1-4
Influence of phase transition on shock-induced spallation in nanocrystalline iron
journal, November 2015
- Gunkelmann, Nina; Bringa, Eduardo M.; Urbassek, Herbert M.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 118, Issue 18
LAMMPS - a flexible simulation tool for particle-based materials modeling at the atomic, meso, and continuum scales
journal, February 2022
- Thompson, Aidan P.; Aktulga, H. Metin; Berger, Richard
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 271
Recovery of a high-pressure phase formed under laser-driven compression
journal, July 2020
- Gorman, M. G.; McGonegle, D.; Tracy, S. J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 102, Issue 2
Iron at high negative pressures
journal, September 2004
- Razorenov, S. V.; Kanel, G. I.; Fortov, V. E.
- Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters, Vol. 80, Issue 5
A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures
journal, June 1969
- Rietveld, H. M.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 2, Issue 2, p. 65-71
`Pink'-beam X-ray powder diffraction profile and its use in Rietveld refinement
journal, February 2021
- Von Dreele, Robert B.; Clarke, Samantha M.; Walsh, James P. S.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 54, Issue 1
Mechanism of the phase transformation in iron
journal, May 2015
- Dewaele, A.; Denoual, C.; Anzellini, S.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 17
Mechanism of the Body-Centered Cubic--Hexagonal Close-Packed Phase Transition in Iron
journal, November 1987
- Bassett, W. A.; Huang, E.
- Science, Vol. 238, Issue 4828
Dynamic strength properties and alpha-phase shock Hugoniot of iron and steel
journal, May 2018
- Thomas, S. A.; Hawkins, M. C.; Matthes, M. K.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 123, Issue 17