DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Tuning dispersity of linear polymers and polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles by atom transfer radical polymerization

Abstract

Molecular weight distribution imposes considerable influence on the properties of polymers, making it an important parameter, impacting morphology and structural behavior of polymeric materials. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has established itself as a powerful tool to prepare polymers with predetermined molecular weight, preserved chain-end functionality, and low dispersity. More recently, ATRP has also been shown to provide a means to deliberately broaden molecular weight distributions, and, via retaining living chain-ends, to enable the formation of block copolymers with designed block dispersity, featuring new microstructures and potentially attractive properties. Here, similar methodologies have been developed to facilitate tuning of the dispersity of polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles thus resulting in hybrid materials with enhanced fracture toughness and high inorganic content. Recent advances have given access to brush architectures comprised of uni- and bimodal block copolymers with unique morphologies along with interesting mechanical, thermal, and optical properties.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1978818
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1825783
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0018784
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Polymer Chemistry
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 42; Journal ID: ISSN 1759-9954
Publisher:
Royal Society of Chemistry
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; Polymer Science

Citation Formats

Yin, Rongguan, Wang, Zongyu, Bockstaller, Michael R., and Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. Tuning dispersity of linear polymers and polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles by atom transfer radical polymerization. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1039/d1py01178b.
Yin, Rongguan, Wang, Zongyu, Bockstaller, Michael R., & Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. Tuning dispersity of linear polymers and polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles by atom transfer radical polymerization. United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1py01178b
Yin, Rongguan, Wang, Zongyu, Bockstaller, Michael R., and Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. Wed . "Tuning dispersity of linear polymers and polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles by atom transfer radical polymerization". United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1py01178b. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1978818.
@article{osti_1978818,
title = {Tuning dispersity of linear polymers and polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles by atom transfer radical polymerization},
author = {Yin, Rongguan and Wang, Zongyu and Bockstaller, Michael R. and Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof},
abstractNote = {Molecular weight distribution imposes considerable influence on the properties of polymers, making it an important parameter, impacting morphology and structural behavior of polymeric materials. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has established itself as a powerful tool to prepare polymers with predetermined molecular weight, preserved chain-end functionality, and low dispersity. More recently, ATRP has also been shown to provide a means to deliberately broaden molecular weight distributions, and, via retaining living chain-ends, to enable the formation of block copolymers with designed block dispersity, featuring new microstructures and potentially attractive properties. Here, similar methodologies have been developed to facilitate tuning of the dispersity of polymeric brushes grown from nanoparticles thus resulting in hybrid materials with enhanced fracture toughness and high inorganic content. Recent advances have given access to brush architectures comprised of uni- and bimodal block copolymers with unique morphologies along with interesting mechanical, thermal, and optical properties.},
doi = {10.1039/d1py01178b},
journal = {Polymer Chemistry},
number = 42,
volume = 12,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Oct 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Wed Oct 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}

Works referenced in this record:

Polymer Brush/Metal Nanoparticle Hybrids for Optical Sensor Applications: from Self-Assembly to Tailored Functions and Nanoengineering
journal, January 2015

  • Christau, Stephanie; Genzer, Jan; von Klitzing, Regine
  • Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Vol. 229, Issue 7-8
  • DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2014-0573

Externally controlled atom transfer radical polymerization
journal, January 2018

  • Pan, Xiangcheng; Fantin, Marco; Yuan, Fang
  • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 47, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1039/C8CS00259B

Fluctuation Effects on the Brush Structure of Mixed Brush Nanoparticles in Solution
journal, January 2018


Advanced Materials by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, March 2018


Activators Regenerated by Electron Transfer for Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization of (Meth)acrylates and Related Block Copolymers
journal, July 2006

  • Jakubowski, Wojciech; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 45, Issue 27
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600272

A Fatty Acid-Inspired Tetherable Initiator for Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, May 2017


Beyond Dispersity: Deterministic Control of Polymer Molecular Weight Distribution
journal, February 2016

  • Gentekos, Dillon T.; Dupuis, Lauren N.; Fors, Brett P.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13565

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Billion Times More Active Catalysts and New Initiation Systems
journal, October 2018

  • Ribelli, Thomas G.; Lorandi, Francesca; Fantin, Marco
  • Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 40, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800616

Effect of Poly(acrylic acid) Block Length Distribution on Polystyrene- b -Poly(acrylic acid) Aggregates in Solution. 1. Vesicles
journal, July 2003

  • Terreau, Owen; Luo, Laibin; Eisenberg, Adi
  • Langmuir, Vol. 19, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1021/la0269715

Influence of Polydispersity on the Self-Assembly of Diblock Copolymers
journal, October 2005

  • Lynd, Nathaniel A.; Hillmyer, Marc A.
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 38, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma051025r

Linear-Free Energy Relationships for Modeling Structure–Reactivity Trends in Controlled Radical Polymerization
journal, October 2011

  • Lin, Ching Yeh; Marque, Sylvain R. A.; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 44, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma2014996

Synthesis of well-defined polyacrylonitrile by ICARATRP with low concentrations of catalyst
journal, February 2016

  • Lamson, Melissa; Kopeć, Maciej; Ding, Hangjun
  • Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 54, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1002/pola.28055

Effects of the Polydispersity on Rheological Properties of Entangled Polystyrene Solutions
journal, March 2005


Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization of n-butyl acrylate on non-platinum cathodes
journal, January 2016

  • Lorandi, Francesca; Fantin, Marco; Isse, Abdirisak A.
  • Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 7, Issue 34
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6PY01032F

Diminishing catalyst concentration in atom transfer radical polymerization with reducing agents
journal, October 2006

  • Matyjaszewski, K.; Jakubowski, W.; Min, K.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 103, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0602675103

Copper(II)/Tertiary Amine Synergy in Photoinduced Living Radical Polymerization: Accelerated Synthesis of ω-Functional and α,ω-Heterofunctional Poly(acrylates)
journal, January 2014

  • Anastasaki, Athina; Nikolaou, Vasiliki; Zhang, Qiang
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja411780m

Theory of correlations in partly labelled homopolymer melts
journal, February 1981


Continuity through dispersity
journal, March 2012


Synthesis of Uniform Protein−Polymer Conjugates
journal, November 2005

  • Lele, Bhalchandra S.; Murata, Hironobu; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Biomacromolecules, Vol. 6, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/bm050428w

p ‐Substituted Tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amines as Ligands for Highly Active ATRP Catalysts: Facile Synthesis and Characterization
journal, June 2020

  • Enciso, Alan E.; Lorandi, Francesca; Mehmood, Arshad
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 59, Issue 35
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004724

Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerizations
journal, April 2011


Living Free-Radical Polymerization by Reversible Addition−Fragmentation Chain Transfer:  The RAFT Process
journal, August 1998

  • Chiefari, John; Chong, Y. K. (Bill); Ercole, Frances
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 31, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma9804951

New Polymer Synthesis by Nitroxide Mediated Living Radical Polymerizations
journal, December 2001

  • Hawker, Craig J.; Bosman, Anton W.; Harth, Eva
  • Chemical Reviews, Vol. 101, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1021/cr990119u

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Driven by Near-Infrared Light with Recyclable Upconversion Nanoparticles
journal, June 2020


Surface-Initiated Photoinduced ATRP: Mechanism, Oxygen Tolerance, and Temporal Control during the Synthesis of Polymer Brushes
journal, April 2020


Dispersity control in atom transfer radical polymerizations through addition of phenylhydrazine
journal, January 2018

  • Yadav, Vivek; Hashmi, Nairah; Ding, Wenyue
  • Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 9, Issue 33
  • DOI: 10.1039/C8PY00033F

Sequence-definition from controlled polymerization: the next generation of materials
journal, January 2018

  • De Neve, Jeroen; Haven, Joris J.; Maes, Lowie
  • Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 9, Issue 38
  • DOI: 10.1039/C8PY01190G

Polystyrene with Designed Molecular Weight Distribution by Atom Transfer Radical Coupling
journal, April 2004

  • Sarbu, Traian; Lin, Koon-Yee; Ell, John
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 37, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma035901h

Ligand Engineering of Polymer Nanocomposites: From the Simple to the Complex
journal, February 2014

  • Li, Ying; Krentz, Timothy M.; Wang, Lei
  • ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 6, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1021/am405332a

Nitroxide-Mediated Radical Polymerization: Limitations and Versatility
journal, April 2011


Effect of Symmetry of Molecular Weight Distribution in Block Copolymers on Formation of “Metastable” Morphologies
journal, August 2008

  • Listak, Jessica; Jakubowski, Wojciech; Mueller, Laura
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 41, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma800816j

Phenyl Benzo[ b ]phenothiazine as a Visible Light Photoredox Catalyst for Metal‐Free Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, February 2017

  • Dadashi‐Silab, Sajjad; Pan, Xiangcheng; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Chemistry – A European Journal, Vol. 23, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605574

Low ppm CuBr-Triggered Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization under Mild Conditions
journal, March 2021


Control of Dispersity and Grafting Density of Particle Brushes by Variation of ATRP Catalyst Concentration
journal, June 2019


Conjugated Cross-linked Phenothiazines as Green or Red Light Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Copper-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, June 2021

  • Dadashi-Silab, Sajjad; Lorandi, Francesca; DiTucci, Matthew J.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 143, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04428

Synthesis of Gradient Copolymer Grafted Particle Brushes by ATRP
journal, December 2019


Activators Regenerated by Electron Transfer for Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Styrene
journal, January 2006

  • Jakubowski, Wojciech; Min, Ke; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 39, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma0522716

Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization in the Presence of Metallic Copper. A Critical Assessment of the SARA ATRP and SET-LRP Mechanisms
journal, September 2013

  • Konkolewicz, Dominik; Wang, Yu; Zhong, Mingjiang
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 46, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma401243k

Controlled/"living" radical polymerization. atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence of transition-metal complexes
journal, May 1995

  • Wang, Jin-Shan; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 117, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja00125a035

Copolymers with Controlled Molecular Weight Distributions and Compositional Gradients through Flow Polymerization
journal, June 2018


Polydispersity for Tuning the Potential of Mean Force between Polymer Grafted Nanoparticles in a Polymer Matrix
journal, January 2013


Complex Macromolecular Architectures by Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Chemistry: Theory and Practice
journal, March 2007

  • Barner, Leonie; Davis, Thomas P.; Stenzel, Martina H.
  • Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 28, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/marc.200600805

Why Do We Need More Active ATRP Catalysts?
journal, October 2019

  • Lorandi, Francesca; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Israel Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 60, Issue 1-2
  • DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900079

Relation between Overall Rate of ATRP and Rates of Activation of Dormant Species
journal, March 2016


Ultrasonication-Induced Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, February 2018


Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Methacrylic Acid: A Won Challenge
journal, May 2016

  • Fantin, Marco; Isse, Abdirisak A.; Venzo, Alfonso
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01935

Tailoring Polymer Dispersity by RAFT Polymerization: A Versatile Approach
journal, June 2020


Tailoring polymer dispersity by mixing chain transfer agents in PET-RAFT polymerization
journal, January 2020

  • Parkatzidis, Kostas; Truong, Nghia P.; Antonopoulou, Maria Nefeli
  • Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 11, Issue 31
  • DOI: 10.1039/D0PY00823K

Living Polymer Chains with Predictable Molecular Weight and Dispersity via Carbanionic Polymerization in Continuous Flow: Mixing Rate as a Key Parameter
journal, July 2016


Polydopamine Surface Chemistry: A Decade of Discovery
journal, February 2018

  • Ryu, Ji Hyun; Messersmith, Phillip B.; Lee, Haeshin
  • ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 10, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19865

Visible Light and Sunlight Photoinduced ATRP with ppm of Cu Catalyst
journal, September 2012

  • Konkolewicz, Dominik; Schröder, Kristin; Buback, Johannes
  • ACS Macro Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1021/mz300457e

ICAR ATRP with ppm Cu Catalyst in Water
journal, May 2012

  • Konkolewicz, Dominik; Magenau, Andrew J. D.; Averick, Saadyah E.
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 45, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma300887r

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, September 2001

  • Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof; Xia, Jianhui
  • Chemical Reviews, Vol. 101, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1021/cr940534g

Successful Chain Extension of Polyacrylate and Polystyrene Macroinitiators with Methacrylates in an ARGET and ICAR ATRP
journal, September 2007

  • Mueller, Laura; Jakubowski, Wojciech; Tang, Wei
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 40, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma071130w

Use of Ascorbic Acid as Reducing Agent for Synthesis of Well-Defined Polymers by ARGET ATRP
journal, March 2007

  • Min, Ke; Gao, Haifeng; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 40, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma0702041

Electrochemically Mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, March 2011


Reversible Addition−Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization:  End Group Modification for Functionalized Polymers and Chain Transfer Agent Recovery
journal, March 2005

  • Perrier, Sébastien; Takolpuckdee, Pittaya; Mars, Craig A.
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 38, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma047611m

Deactivation Efficiency and Degree of Control over Polymerization in ATRP in Protic Solvents
journal, December 2004

  • Tsarevsky, Nicolay V.; Pintauer, Tomislav; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 37, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma048438x

Synthesis of Nanocomposite Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials Using Controlled/“Living” Radical Polymerization
journal, October 2001

  • Pyun, Jeffrey; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm011065j

Reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (Controlled/living radical polymerization): From discovery to materials design and applications
journal, December 2020


Aqueous SARA ATRP using inorganic sulfites
journal, January 2017

  • Abreu, Carlos M. R.; Fu, Liye; Carmali, Sheiliza
  • Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 8, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6PY01779G

Catalyst separation in atom transfer radical polymerization
journal, October 2004


Controlled/living radical polymerization: Features, developments, and perspectives
journal, January 2007


Effect of block molecular weight distribution on the structure formation in block copolymer/homopolymer blends
journal, August 2011

  • Listak, Jessica; Jia, Xiaolong; Plichta, Andrzej
  • Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/polb.22339

Effects of polydispersity in the end-grafted polymer brush
journal, March 1989

  • Milner, S. T.; Witten, T. A.; Cates, M. E.
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 22, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma00192a057

Manipulation of Molecular Weight Distribution Shape as a New Strategy to Control Processing Parameters
journal, August 2017

  • Nadgorny, Milena; Gentekos, Dillon T.; Xiao, Zeyun
  • Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 38, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700352

Making ATRP More Practical: Oxygen Tolerance
journal, March 2021


Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with ppm-Level Cu Catalyst by Visible Light in Aqueous Media
journal, December 2015

  • Pan, Xiangcheng; Malhotra, Nikhil; Simakova, Antonina
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 137, Issue 49
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11599

Tunable Assembly of Block Copolymer Tethered Particle Brushes by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, May 2020


Polymer/inorganic nanohybrids: An attractive materials for analysis and sensing
journal, July 2021


Tuning Dispersity by Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerisation: Monomodal Distributions with ppm Copper Concentration
journal, September 2019

  • Whitfield, Richard; Parkatzidis, Kostas; Rolland, Manon
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 38
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906471

Reducing Copper Concentration in Polymers Prepared via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Reducing Copper Concentration in Polymers Prepared via Atom …
journal, March 2010

  • Mueller, Laura; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecular Reaction Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 3-4
  • DOI: 10.1002/mren.200900067

Aqueous ARGET ATRP
journal, July 2012

  • Simakova, Antonina; Averick, Saadyah E.; Konkolewicz, Dominik
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 45, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma301303b

Glossary of basic terms in polymer science (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)
journal, January 1996

  • Jenkins, A. D.; Kratochvíl, P.; Stepto, R. F. T.
  • Pure and Applied Chemistry, Vol. 68, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1351/pac199668122287

?Living? and controlled radical polymerization
journal, April 1995

  • Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof; Gaynor, Scott; Greszta, Dorota
  • Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry, Vol. 8, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/poc.610080414

Photoinduced Iron-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with ppm Levels of Iron Catalyst under Blue Light Irradiation
journal, October 2017


Fundamental kinetic aspects of living radical polymerization and the use of gel permeation chromatography to shed light on them
journal, January 2004

  • Fukuda, Takeshi
  • Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1002/pola.20325

A Breathing Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization: Fully Oxygen-Tolerant Polymerization Inspired by Aerobic Respiration of Cells
journal, January 2018

  • Enciso, Alan E.; Fu, Liye; Russell, Alan J.
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711105

One Reagent with Two Functions: Simultaneous Living Radical Polymerization and Chain-End Substitution for Tailoring Polymer Dispersity
journal, April 2021


Synthesis of Nanoparticle Copolymer Brushes via Surface-Initiated se ATRP
journal, May 2017


Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) Using ICAR ATRP at Low Catalyst Concentration
journal, November 2016


ATRP of Methyl Acrylate with Metallic Zinc, Magnesium, and Iron as Reducing Agents and Supplemental Activators
journal, February 2011

  • Zhang, Yaozhong; Wang, Yu; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 44, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma102492c

Matrix-free Particle Brush System with Bimodal Molecular Weight Distribution Prepared by SI-ATRP
journal, October 2015


Recent Developments and Future Challenges in Controlled Radical Polymerization: A 2020 Update
journal, July 2020


ATRP of Methyl Methacrylate in the Presence of Ionic Liquids with Ferrous and Cuprous Anions
journal, November 2001


Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (eATRP)
journal, June 2017


Cu-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in the Presence of Liquid Metal Micro/Nanodroplets
journal, February 2021


Investigating Temporal Control in Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, June 2020


Tailoring Polymer Dispersity in Photoinduced Iron-Catalyzed ATRP
journal, March 2020


Charged Metallopolymer-Grafted Silica Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Applications
journal, January 2018


Iron-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Semifluorinated Methacrylates
journal, August 2019


Synthesis of Ultra-high Molecular Weight SiO2-g-PMMA Particle Brushes
journal, August 2019

  • Wang, Zongyu; Liu, Tong; Lin, Kevin C.
  • Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01289-8

Surface-Initiated Polymerization as an Enabling Tool for Multifunctional (Nano-)Engineered Hybrid Materials
journal, August 2013

  • Hui, Chin Ming; Pietrasik, Joanna; Schmitt, Michael
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm4023634

Oil-Soluble Polymer Brush Grafted Nanoparticles as Effective Lubricant Additives for Friction and Wear Reduction
journal, June 2016

  • Wright, Roger A. E.; Wang, Kewei; Qu, Jun
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 55, Issue 30
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603663

Quantum Dot−Block Copolymer Hybrids with Improved Properties and Their Application to Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Devices
journal, April 2009

  • Zorn, Matthias; Bae, Wan Ki; Kwak, Jeonghun
  • ACS Nano, Vol. 3, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1021/nn800790s

Polymer Dispersity Control by Organocatalyzed Living Radical Polymerization
journal, March 2019

  • Liu, Xu; Wang, Chen‐Gang; Goto, Atsushi
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814573

Catalytic Halogen Exchange in Miniemulsion ARGET ATRP: A Pathway to Well‐Controlled Block Copolymers
journal, June 2020

  • Wang, Yi; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 41, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000264

Exploiting Molecular Weight Distribution Shape to Tune Domain Spacing in Block Copolymer Thin Films
journal, March 2018

  • Gentekos, Dillon T.; Jia, Junteng; Tirado, Erika S.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 140, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00694

Precise Control of Both Dispersity and Molecular Weight Distribution Shape by Polymer Blending
journal, July 2021

  • Whitfield, Richard; Truong, Nghia P.; Anastasaki, Athina
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 60, Issue 35
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106729

Block Copolymer Thermodynamics: Theory and Experiment
journal, October 1990


Sustainable Electrochemically-Mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with Inexpensive Non-Platinum Electrodes
journal, June 2016

  • Fantin, Marco; Lorandi, Francesca; Isse, Abdirisak A.
  • Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 37, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600237

Effects of Polydispersity on Phase Behavior of Diblock Copolymers
journal, September 2006

  • Cooke, David M.; Shi, An-Chang
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 39, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma060717s

Interaction of Particles with a Polydisperse Brush: A Self-Consistent-Field Analysis
journal, August 2009

  • de Vos, Wiebe M.; Leermakers, Frans A. M.; de Keizer, Arie
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 42, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma900819b

The Influence of Residence Time Distribution on Continuous-Flow Polymerization
journal, May 2019


Tuning Dispersity in Diblock Copolymers Using ARGET ATRP
journal, November 2012

  • Plichta, Andrzej; Zhong, Mingjiang; Li, Wenwen
  • Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 213, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200461

Temporal Control in Mechanically Controlled Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Using Low ppm of Cu Catalyst
journal, April 2017


Strategies toward well-defined polymer nanoparticles inspired by nature: Chemistry versus versatility
journal, February 2012

  • Elsabahy, Mahmoud; Wooley, Karen L.
  • Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 50, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1002/pola.25955

Controlled Radical Polymerization: Industrial Stakes, Obstacles and Achievements
journal, March 2010


Kinetic Modeling of Normal ATRP, Normal ATRP with [Cu II ] 0 , Reverse ATRP and SR&NI ATRP
journal, October 2008

  • Tang, Wei; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecular Theory and Simulations, Vol. 17, Issue 7-8
  • DOI: 10.1002/mats.200800050

Enhancing Mechanically Induced ATRP by Promoting Interfacial Electron Transfer from Piezoelectric Nanoparticles to Cu Catalysts
journal, October 2017


Nitroxide-mediated polymerization
journal, January 2013


Influence of Spacers in Tetherable Initiators on Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (SI-ATRP)
journal, November 2016


Influence of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution on mechanical properties of polymers
journal, March 1982

  • Nunes, Ronald W.; Martin, John R.; Johnson, Julian F.
  • Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 22, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/pen.760220402

Enhancing the fraction of grafted polystyrene on silica hybrid nanoparticles
journal, January 2012


Bimodal Surface Ligand Engineering: The Key to Tunable Nanocomposites
journal, November 2012

  • Li, Ying; Tao, Peng; Viswanath, Anand
  • Langmuir, Vol. 29, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1021/la3036192

Continuous polydispersity in a self-consistent field theory for diblock copolymers
journal, September 2004

  • Sides, Scott W.; Fredrickson, Glenn H.
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1776557

Brush-modified materials: Control of molecular architecture, assembly behavior, properties and applications
journal, January 2020


Controlled Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with Electrochemical Generation of the Active Catalyst
journal, September 2011

  • Bortolamei, Nicola; Isse, Abdirisak A.; Magenau, Andrew J. D.
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 50, Issue 48
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105317

Kinetics of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, April 2017


Experimental Criteria for Living Polymerizations
journal, January 1992


Understanding dispersity control in photo‐ atom transfer radical polymerization: Effect of degree of polymerization and kinetic evaluation
journal, June 2021

  • Rolland, Manon; Lohmann, Victoria; Whitfield, Richard
  • Journal of Polymer Science
  • DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210319

Fully oxygen-tolerant atom transfer radical polymerization triggered by sodium pyruvate
journal, January 2020

  • Szczepaniak, Grzegorz; Łagodzińska, Matylda; Dadashi-Silab, Sajjad
  • Chemical Science, Vol. 11, Issue 33
  • DOI: 10.1039/D0SC03179H

Photomediated controlled radical polymerization
journal, November 2016


Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Biorelated Hybrid Materials
journal, November 2019

  • Baker, Stefanie L.; Kaupbayeva, Bibifatima; Lathwal, Sushil
  • Biomacromolecules, Vol. 20, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01271

Structure of block copolymer grafted silica nanoparticles
journal, December 2018


Controlled/"Living" Radical Polymerization. Halogen Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Promoted by a Cu(I)/Cu(II) Redox Process
journal, November 1995

  • Wang, Jin-Shan; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 28, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma00127a042

“Shaping” the Future of Molecular Weight Distributions in Anionic Polymerization
journal, June 2016


POLYMERIZATION INITIATED BY ELECTRON TRANSFER TO MONOMER. A NEW METHOD OF FORMATION OF BLOCK POLYMERS 1
journal, June 1956

  • Szwarc, M.; Levy, M.; Milkovich, R.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 78, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja01592a101

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP): Current Status and Future Perspectives
journal, April 2012

  • Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 45, Issue 10, p. 4015-4039
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma3001719

A Versatile and Scalable Strategy to Discrete Oligomers
journal, May 2016

  • Lawrence, Jimmy; Lee, Sang-Ho; Abdilla, Allison
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03127

Polydispersity and block copolymer self-assembly
journal, September 2008


Mechanism of Photoinduced Metal-Free Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Experimental and Computational Studies
journal, February 2016

  • Pan, Xiangcheng; Fang, Cheng; Fantin, Marco
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13455

Preparation of Hairy Particles and Antifouling Films Using Brush-Type Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Surfactants in Emulsion Polymerization
journal, February 2010

  • Muñoz-Bonilla, Alexandra; van Herk, Alex M.; Heuts, Johan P. A.
  • Macromolecules, Vol. 43, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1021/ma9027257

Light-Mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Semi-Fluorinated (Meth)acrylates: Facile Access to Functional Materials
journal, April 2017

  • Discekici, Emre H.; Anastasaki, Athina; Kaminker, Revital
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 139, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01694

SARA ATRP or SET-LRP. End of controversy?
journal, January 2014

  • Konkolewicz, Dominik; Wang, Yu; Krys, Pawel
  • Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 5, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1039/c4py00149d

Dispersity effects in polymer self-assemblies: a matter of hierarchical control
journal, January 2017

  • Doncom, Kay E. B.; Blackman, Lewis D.; Wright, Daniel B.
  • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 46, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6CS00818F

Controlled/“Living” Radical Polymerization. Kinetics of the Homogeneous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Styrene
journal, January 1997

  • Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof; Patten, Timothy E.; Xia, Jianhui
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 119, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja963361g

Mechanically controlled radical polymerization initiated by ultrasound
journal, October 2016

  • Mohapatra, Hemakesh; Kleiman, Maya; Esser-Kahn, Aaron Palmer
  • Nature Chemistry, Vol. 9, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2633

Tailoring polymer dispersity and shape of molecular weight distributions: methods and applications
journal, January 2019

  • Whitfield, Richard; Truong, Nghia P.; Messmer, Daniel
  • Chemical Science, Vol. 10, Issue 38
  • DOI: 10.1039/C9SC03546J

Macromolecular Engineering by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, April 2014

  • Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof; Tsarevsky, Nicolay V.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja408069v

Controlling polymer properties through the shape of the molecular-weight distribution
journal, October 2019

  • Gentekos, Dillon T.; Sifri, Renee J.; Fors, Brett P.
  • Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41578-019-0138-8

Polymers with Very Low Polydispersities from Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
journal, May 1996