Evolution of structure and shapes in Er 158 to ultrahigh spin

Simpson, J.; Riley, M. A.; Pipidis, A.; Paul, E. S.; Wang, X.; Nolan, P. J.; Sharpey-Schafer, J. F.; Aguilar, A.; Appelbe, D. E.; Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Boston, A. J.; Boston, H. C.; Campbell, D. B.; Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Choy, P. T. W.; Clark, R. M.; Cromaz, M.; Evans, A. O.; Fallon, P.; Garg, U.; Görgen, A.; Hartley, D. J.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Joss, D. T.; Judson, D. S.; Kondev, F. G.; Lauritsen, T.; Lee, I. Y.; Macchiavelli, A. O.; Matta, J. T.; Ollier, J.; Petri, M.; Revill, J. P.; Riedinger, L. L.; Rigby, S. V.; Teal, C.; Twin, P. J.; Unsworth, C.; Ward, D.; Zhu, S.; Ragnarsson, I.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054305

Title: Evolution of structure and shapes in ${}^{158}{Er}$ to ultrahigh spin

Abstract

The level structure of ¹⁵⁸Er has been studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer via the ¹¹⁴Cd(⁴⁸Ca, 4$$n$$) reaction at 215 MeV with both thin (self-supporting) and thick (backed) targets. The level scheme has been considerably extended with more than 200 new transitions and six new rotational structures, including two strongly coupled high-$$K$$ bands. Configuration assignments for the new structures are based on their observed alignments, $B(M1)/B(E2)$ ratios of reduced transition probabilities, excitation energies, and comparisons with neighboring nuclei and theoretical calculations. With increasing angular momentum, this nucleus exhibits Coriolis-induced alignments of both neutrons and protons before it then undergoes a rotation-induced transition from near-prolate collective rotation to a noncollective oblate configuration. This transition occurs via the mechanism of band termination around spin $45ℏ$ in three rotational structures. Two distinct lifetime branches, consistent with the crossing of a collective “fast” rotational structure by an energetically favored “slow” terminating sequence, are confirmed for the positive-parity states, and similar behavior is established in the negative-parity states. Weak-intensity, high-energy transitions are observed to feed into the terminating states. At the highest spins, three collective bands with high dynamic moments of inertia and large quadrupole moments were identified. These bands are interpreted as triaxial strongly deformed structures and mark a return to collectivity at ultrahigh spin.

Authors:

; Riley, M. A.; Pipidis, A.; Paul, E. S.; Wang, X.; Nolan, P. J.; Sharpey-Schafer, J. F.; Aguilar, A.; Appelbe, D. E.; Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Boston, A. J.; Boston, H. C.; Campbell, D. B.; Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Choy, P. T. W.; Clark, R. M.; Cromaz, M.; Evans, A. O.; Fallon, P. more »

Publication Date:: Wed May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023

Research Org.:: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1973177

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1973078; OSTI ID: 2216999; OSTI ID: 2328532

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; FG02-94ER40834; AC02-05CH11231; FG02-97ER41041; FG02-97ER41033; FG02-96ER40983; AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review. C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physical Review. C Journal Volume: 107 Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; electromagnetic transitions; nuclear structure & decays; 150 ≤ A ≤ 189; nuclear data analysis & compilation; radiation detectors; spectrometers & spectroscopic techniques

Citation Formats


                    Simpson, J., Riley, M. A., Pipidis, A., Paul, E. S., Wang, X., Nolan, P. J., Sharpey-Schafer, J. F., Aguilar, A., Appelbe, D. E., Ayangeakaa, A. D., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Campbell, D. B., Carpenter, M. P., Chiara, C. J., Choy, P. T. W., Clark, R. M., Cromaz, M., Evans, A. O., Fallon, P., Garg, U., Görgen, A., Hartley, D. J., Janssens, R. V. F., Joss, D. T., Judson, D. S., Kondev, F. G., Lauritsen, T., Lee, I. Y., Macchiavelli, A. O., Matta, J. T., Ollier, J., Petri, M., Revill, J. P., Riedinger, L. L., Rigby, S. V., Teal, C., Twin, P. J., Unsworth, C., Ward, D., Zhu, S., and Ragnarsson, I. Evolution of structure and shapes in Er 158 to ultrahigh spin.  United States: N. p., 2023. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054305.

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                    Simpson, J., Riley, M. A., Pipidis, A., Paul, E. S., Wang, X., Nolan, P. J., Sharpey-Schafer, J. F., Aguilar, A., Appelbe, D. E., Ayangeakaa, A. D., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Campbell, D. B., Carpenter, M. P., Chiara, C. J., Choy, P. T. W., Clark, R. M., Cromaz, M., Evans, A. O., Fallon, P., Garg, U., Görgen, A., Hartley, D. J., Janssens, R. V. F., Joss, D. T., Judson, D. S., Kondev, F. G., Lauritsen, T., Lee, I. Y., Macchiavelli, A. O., Matta, J. T., Ollier, J., Petri, M., Revill, J. P., Riedinger, L. L., Rigby, S. V., Teal, C., Twin, P. J., Unsworth, C., Ward, D., Zhu, S., & Ragnarsson, I. Evolution of structure and shapes in Er 158 to ultrahigh spin.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054305

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                    Simpson, J., Riley, M. A., Pipidis, A., Paul, E. S., Wang, X., Nolan, P. J., Sharpey-Schafer, J. F., Aguilar, A., Appelbe, D. E., Ayangeakaa, A. D., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Campbell, D. B., Carpenter, M. P., Chiara, C. J., Choy, P. T. W., Clark, R. M., Cromaz, M., Evans, A. O., Fallon, P., Garg, U., Görgen, A., Hartley, D. J., Janssens, R. V. F., Joss, D. T., Judson, D. S., Kondev, F. G., Lauritsen, T., Lee, I. Y., Macchiavelli, A. O., Matta, J. T., Ollier, J., Petri, M., Revill, J. P., Riedinger, L. L., Rigby, S. V., Teal, C., Twin, P. J., Unsworth, C., Ward, D., Zhu, S., and Ragnarsson, I. Wed .  
"Evolution of structure and shapes in Er 158 to ultrahigh spin".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054305.

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@article{osti_1973177,

  title        = {Evolution of structure and shapes in Er 158 to ultrahigh spin},

  author       = {Simpson, J. and Riley, M. A. and Pipidis, A. and Paul, E. S. and Wang, X. and Nolan, P. J. and Sharpey-Schafer, J. F. and Aguilar, A. and Appelbe, D. E. and Ayangeakaa, A. D. and Boston, A. J. and Boston, H. C. and Campbell, D. B. and Carpenter, M. P. and Chiara, C. J. and Choy, P. T. W. and Clark, R. M. and Cromaz, M. and Evans, A. O. and Fallon, P. and Garg, U. and Görgen, A. and Hartley, D. J. and Janssens, R. V. F. and Joss, D. T. and Judson, D. S. and Kondev, F. G. and Lauritsen, T. and Lee, I. Y. and Macchiavelli, A. O. and Matta, J. T. and Ollier, J. and Petri, M. and Revill, J. P. and Riedinger, L. L. and Rigby, S. V. and Teal, C. and Twin, P. J. and Unsworth, C. and Ward, D. and Zhu, S. and Ragnarsson, I.},

  abstractNote = {The level structure of 158Er has been studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer via the 114Cd(48Ca, 4$n$) reaction at 215 MeV with both thin (self-supporting) and thick (backed) targets. The level scheme has been considerably extended with more than 200 new transitions and six new rotational structures, including two strongly coupled high-$K$ bands. Configuration assignments for the new structures are based on their observed alignments, $B(M1)/B(E2)$ ratios of reduced transition probabilities, excitation energies, and comparisons with neighboring nuclei and theoretical calculations. With increasing angular momentum, this nucleus exhibits Coriolis-induced alignments of both neutrons and protons before it then undergoes a rotation-induced transition from near-prolate collective rotation to a noncollective oblate configuration. This transition occurs via the mechanism of band termination around spin $45ℏ$ in three rotational structures. Two distinct lifetime branches, consistent with the crossing of a collective “fast” rotational structure by an energetically favored “slow” terminating sequence, are confirmed for the positive-parity states, and similar behavior is established in the negative-parity states. Weak-intensity, high-energy transitions are observed to feed into the terminating states. At the highest spins, three collective bands with high dynamic moments of inertia and large quadrupole moments were identified. These bands are interpreted as triaxial strongly deformed structures and mark a return to collectivity at ultrahigh spin.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevC.107.054305},

  journal      = {Physical Review. C},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 107,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023},

  month        = {Wed May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023}

}

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Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 472, Issue 2
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Structural behavior of ${}^{157, 158, 159}{Dy}$ in the $I = 30 − 50 ℏ$ spin regime
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Shape evolution in the transitional gadolinium, dysprosium, erbium, and ytterbium nuclei
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New structures at high spin in 159Er
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Jónsson, S.; Roy, N.; Ryde, H.
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DOI: 10.1016/0375-9474(86)90234-4

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Title: Evolution of structure and shapes in Er 158 to ultrahigh spin

Abstract

Citation Formats

High-Kbands in theYb166region journal, September 1994

The high-spin structure of 158Er: A theoretical study journal, May 1990

Congruent band structures in 154Gd : Configuration-dependent pairing, a double vacuum and lack of $ \beta$ -vibrations journal, January 2011

Tables of coefficients for angular distribution of gamma rays from aligned nuclei journal, August 1967

Pairing isomers journal, June 1976

Directional correlations of gamma radiations emitted from nuclear states oriented by nuclear reactions or cryogenic methods journal, April 1973

Evidence for a “singularity” in the nuclear rotational band structure journal, April 1971

Loss of collectivity in the transitional Er 156 nucleus at high spin journal, April 2009

“Stiff” deformed nuclei, configuration dependent pairing and the $\beta$ β and $\gamma$ γ degrees of freedom journal, February 2019

Developments in large gamma-ray detector arrays journal, May 2003

Equilibrium configurations of rotating charged or gravitating liquid masses with surface tension. II journal, February 1974

Observation of states beyond band termination in156, 157, 158Er and strongly deformed structures in173, 174, 175Hf journal, June 2006

The decay of 4 min 158Tm journal, September 1975

Second Discontinuity in the Yrast Levels of Er 158 journal, June 1977

Gamma-gamma correlations with detector arrays journal, March 1992

High-K quasiparticle structures in 159Er and 160Er journal, March 1998

Kerman-Onishi conditions in self-consistent tilted-axis-cranking mean-field calculations journal, September 2013

Observation of a Discrete-Line Superdeformed Band up to 60 ℏ in Dy 152 journal, August 1986

High-spin structure in Er 157 up to and above band termination journal, June 2006

Background subtraction from in-beam HPGe coincidence data sets journal, July 1995

New Physics Opportunities at Gammasphere journal, January 1996

Self-Consistent Tilted-Axis-Cranking Study of Triaxial Strongly Deformed Bands in Er 158 at Ultrahigh Spin journal, February 2012

Observation of a Prolate-to-Oblate Shape Change Near Spin 40 ℏ in Er 158 journal, August 1984

Single particle excitations and properties of multiple band terminations near spin 50ħ in 158Er journal, May 1994

High-Spin Structure beyond Band Termination in Er 157 journal, June 2004

The GAMMASPHERE journal, December 1990

Multiple band structure and band termination in 157Ho towards complete high-spin spectroscopy journal, August 1992

Recent Results at Ultrahigh Spin: Terminating States and Beyond in Mass 160 Rare-earth Nuclei journal, January 2015

Near-yrast discrete line -ray spectroscopy of 159 Er and 160 Er to I or 40 journal, June 1987

Loss of collectivity along the yrast line in 158Er journal, December 1988

Quasiparticle spectra near the yrast line journal, September 1979

High-K band structures in 164Er journal, March 1997

Blue: a database for high-fold γ-ray coincidence data journal, April 2001

Calculating the nuclear mass in the very high angular momentum regime journal, July 2006

Direct Decay from the Superdeformed Band to the Yrast Line in D66152y86 journal, January 2002

How deformed are the TSD bands in odd Lu isotopes? journal, November 2017

Physics opportunities with the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array: AGATA journal, May 2020

Higher Order Corrections to the Cranking Model journal, May 1965

High-spin terminating states in the N = 88 Ho 155 and Er 156 isotones journal, May 2015

Evidence for the Wobbling Mode in Nuclei journal, June 2001

Wobbling phonon excitations, coexisting with normal deformed structures in 163Lu journal, May 2002

An interpretation of backbending in terms of the crossing of the ground state band with an aligned two-quasiparticle band journal, January 1979

Diverse collective excitations in 159 Er up to high spin journal, November 2011

Tables of attenuation coefficients for angular distribution of gamma rays from partially aligned nuclei journal, January 1974

Signature-Dependent Proton Alignments at High Rotational Frequency and the Persistence of Proton Pairing Correlations journal, March 1985

High resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy and the fascinating angular momentum realm of the atomic nucleus journal, November 2016

Return of Collective Rotation in Er 157 and Er 158 at Ultrahigh Spin journal, January 2007

Third Discontinuity in the Yrast Levels of Er 158 journal, February 1982

Shape Changes, Band Crossings and Band Terminations in the Very High Spin Region of A = 150-160 Nuclei journal, January 1983

Non-yrast positive-parity structures in the γ -soft nucleus Er 156 journal, April 2011

Nuclear liquid-drop model and surface-curvature effects journal, April 2003

Rotational alignment in 158 Er and 159 Er journal, March 1984

Configuration dependent pairing from band crossing frequencies journal, December 1982

Interpretation of the large-deformation high-spin bands in select A = 158 –168 nuclei journal, July 2012

Properties of Terminating Bands in Nuclei journal, December 1986

Electromagnetic radiation of rotating nuclei journal, September 1987

Ultrahigh-spin spectroscopy of Er 159 , 160 : Observation of triaxial strongly deformed structures journal, December 2009

Slow and Fast High-Spin Sequences in Er 158 journal, November 1985

Quasiparticle levels in rotating rare earth nuclei: A cranked shell-model dictionary journal, July 1986

The systematics of h112 proton alignment in 157, 158, 159Er journal, February 1984

Near yrast discrete line gamma-ray spectroscopy in 156Dy up to spin 40kh journal, September 1988

Collective structures up to spin ~ 65 ℏ in the N = 90 isotones 158 Er and 157 Ho journal, September 2012

Description of 158 Er at ultrahigh spin in nuclear density functional theory journal, September 2012

High-spin, discrete line spectroscopy of 162Yb and 164Hf and the systematics of N = 92 isotones journal, September 1987

Structural behavior of Dy 157 , 158 , 159 in the I = 30 − 50 ℏ spin regime journal, December 2005

Shape evolution in the transitional gadolinium, dysprosium, erbium, and ytterbium nuclei journal, January 1985

New structures at high spin in 159Er journal, July 1987

Frequency and Alignment Classification of Multiple Band Crossings journal, March 1980

Fifty Years of Backbending journal, April 2022

Near-Yrast spectroscopy of 164Yb and neighbouring nuclei: Systematics of octupole bands and bandcrossings journal, February 1986

Title: Evolution of structure and shapes in ${}^{158}{Er}$ to ultrahigh spin

High-Kbands in theYb166region
journal, September 1994

The high-spin structure of 158Er: A theoretical study
journal, May 1990

Congruent band structures in 154Gd : Configuration-dependent pairing, a double vacuum and lack of $ \beta$ -vibrations
journal, January 2011

Tables of coefficients for angular distribution of gamma rays from aligned nuclei
journal, August 1967

Pairing isomers
journal, June 1976

Directional correlations of gamma radiations emitted from nuclear states oriented by nuclear reactions or cryogenic methods
journal, April 1973

Evidence for a “singularity” in the nuclear rotational band structure
journal, April 1971

Loss of collectivity in the transitional ${}^{156}{Er}$ nucleus at high spin
journal, April 2009

“Stiff” deformed nuclei, configuration dependent pairing and the $\beta$ β and $\gamma$ γ degrees of freedom
journal, February 2019

Developments in large gamma-ray detector arrays
journal, May 2003

Equilibrium configurations of rotating charged or gravitating liquid masses with surface tension. II
journal, February 1974

Observation of states beyond band termination in^{156, 157, 158}Er and strongly deformed structures in^{173, 174, 175}Hf
journal, June 2006

The decay of 4 min 158Tm
journal, September 1975

Second Discontinuity in the Yrast Levels of ${}^{158}{Er}$
journal, June 1977

Gamma-gamma correlations with detector arrays
journal, March 1992

High-K quasiparticle structures in 159Er and 160Er
journal, March 1998

Kerman-Onishi conditions in self-consistent tilted-axis-cranking mean-field calculations
journal, September 2013

Observation of a Discrete-Line Superdeformed Band up to $60 ℏ$ in ${}^{152}{Dy}$
journal, August 1986

High-spin structure in ${}^{157}{Er}$ up to and above band termination
journal, June 2006

Background subtraction from in-beam HPGe coincidence data sets
journal, July 1995

New Physics Opportunities at Gammasphere
journal, January 1996

Self-Consistent Tilted-Axis-Cranking Study of Triaxial Strongly Deformed Bands in ${}^{158}{Er}$ at Ultrahigh Spin
journal, February 2012

Observation of a Prolate-to-Oblate Shape Change Near Spin $40 ℏ$ in ${}^{158}{Er}$
journal, August 1984

Single particle excitations and properties of multiple band terminations near spin 50ħ in 158Er
journal, May 1994

High-Spin Structure beyond Band Termination in ${}^{157}{Er}$
journal, June 2004

The GAMMASPHERE
journal, December 1990

Multiple band structure and band termination in 157Ho towards complete high-spin spectroscopy
journal, August 1992

Recent Results at Ultrahigh Spin: Terminating States and Beyond in Mass 160 Rare-earth Nuclei
journal, January 2015

Near-yrast discrete line -ray spectroscopy of ¹⁵⁹ Er and ¹⁶⁰ Er to I or 40
journal, June 1987

Loss of collectivity along the yrast line in 158Er
journal, December 1988

Quasiparticle spectra near the yrast line
journal, September 1979

High-K band structures in 164Er
journal, March 1997

Blue: a database for high-fold γ-ray coincidence data
journal, April 2001

Calculating the nuclear mass in the very high angular momentum regime
journal, July 2006

Direct Decay from the Superdeformed Band to the Yrast Line in D66152y86
journal, January 2002

How deformed are the TSD bands in odd Lu isotopes?
journal, November 2017

Physics opportunities with the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array: AGATA
journal, May 2020

Higher Order Corrections to the Cranking Model
journal, May 1965

High-spin terminating states in the $N = 88$ ${}^{155}{Ho}$ and ${}^{156}{Er}$ isotones
journal, May 2015

Evidence for the Wobbling Mode in Nuclei
journal, June 2001

Wobbling phonon excitations, coexisting with normal deformed structures in 163Lu
journal, May 2002

An interpretation of backbending in terms of the crossing of the ground state band with an aligned two-quasiparticle band
journal, January 1979

Diverse collective excitations in $^{159} Er$ up to high spin
journal, November 2011

Tables of attenuation coefficients for angular distribution of gamma rays from partially aligned nuclei
journal, January 1974

Signature-Dependent Proton Alignments at High Rotational Frequency and the Persistence of Proton Pairing Correlations
journal, March 1985

High resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy and the fascinating angular momentum realm of the atomic nucleus
journal, November 2016

Return of Collective Rotation in ${}^{157}{Er}$ and ${}^{158}{Er}$ at Ultrahigh Spin
journal, January 2007

Third Discontinuity in the Yrast Levels of ${}^{158}{Er}$
journal, February 1982

Shape Changes, Band Crossings and Band Terminations in the Very High Spin Region of A = 150-160 Nuclei
journal, January 1983

Non-yrast positive-parity structures in the $γ$ -soft nucleus ${}^{156}{Er}$
journal, April 2011

Nuclear liquid-drop model and surface-curvature effects
journal, April 2003

Rotational alignment in ¹⁵⁸ Er and ¹⁵⁹ Er
journal, March 1984

Configuration dependent pairing from band crossing frequencies
journal, December 1982

Interpretation of the large-deformation high-spin bands in select $A = 158$ –168 nuclei
journal, July 2012

Properties of Terminating Bands in Nuclei
journal, December 1986

Electromagnetic radiation of rotating nuclei
journal, September 1987

Ultrahigh-spin spectroscopy of ${}^{159, 160}{Er}$ : Observation of triaxial strongly deformed structures
journal, December 2009

Slow and Fast High-Spin Sequences in ${}^{158}{Er}$
journal, November 1985

Quasiparticle levels in rotating rare earth nuclei: A cranked shell-model dictionary
journal, July 1986

The systematics of h112 proton alignment in 157, 158, 159Er
journal, February 1984

Near yrast discrete line gamma-ray spectroscopy in 156Dy up to spin 40kh
journal, September 1988

Collective structures up to spin ~ 65 ℏ in the N = 90 isotones ¹⁵⁸ Er and ¹⁵⁷ Ho
journal, September 2012

Description of $^{158}$ Er at ultrahigh spin in nuclear density functional theory
journal, September 2012

High-spin, discrete line spectroscopy of 162Yb and 164Hf and the systematics of N = 92 isotones
journal, September 1987

Structural behavior of ${}^{157, 158, 159}{Dy}$ in the $I = 30 − 50 ℏ$ spin regime
journal, December 2005

Shape evolution in the transitional gadolinium, dysprosium, erbium, and ytterbium nuclei
journal, January 1985

New structures at high spin in 159Er
journal, July 1987

Frequency and Alignment Classification of Multiple Band Crossings
journal, March 1980

Fifty Years of Backbending
journal, April 2022

Near-Yrast spectroscopy of 164Yb and neighbouring nuclei: Systematics of octupole bands and bandcrossings
journal, February 1986