Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of a frequently lethal disease, ASF, affecting domestic and wild swine. Currently, ASF is causing a pandemic affecting pig production in Eurasia. There are no vaccines available, and therefore control of the disease is based on culling infected animals. We report here that deletion of the ASFV gene A104R, a virus histone-like protein, from the genome of the highly virulent ASFV-Georgia2010 (ASFV-G) strain induces a clear decrease in virus virulence when experimentally inoculated in domestic swine. A recombinant virus lacking the A104R gene, ASFV-G-ΔA104R, was developed to assess the role of the A104R gene in disease production in swine. Domestic pigs were intramuscularly inoculated with 102 HAD50 of ASFV-G-ΔA104R, and compared with animals that received a similar dose of virulent ASFV-G. While all ASFV-G inoculated animals developed a fatal form of the disease, animals receiving ASFV-G-ΔA104R survived the challenge, remaining healthy during the 28-day observational period, with the exception of only one showing a protracted but fatal form of the disease. ASFV-G-ΔA104R surviving animals presented protracted viremias with reduced virus titers when compared with those found in animals inoculated with ASFV-G, and all of them developed a strong virus-specific antibody response.more »
- Authors:
-
[1]
- US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Greenport, NY (United States)
- US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Greenport, NY (United States); Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS (United States)
- US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Greenport, NY (United States); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Greenport, NY (United States); Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC); U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1904926
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0014664; 70RSAT19KPM000056
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Viruses
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 14; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1999-4915
- Publisher:
- MDPI
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; ASFV; ASF; African swine fever virus; virus neutralizing antibodies; protective immunity
Citation Formats
Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth, Vuono, Elizabeth A., Pruitt, Sarah, Rai, Ayushi, Espinoza, Nallely, Valladares, Alyssa, Silva, Ediane, Velazquez-Salinas, Lauro, Borca, Manuel V., and Gladue, Douglas P. Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.3390/v14051112.
Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth, Vuono, Elizabeth A., Pruitt, Sarah, Rai, Ayushi, Espinoza, Nallely, Valladares, Alyssa, Silva, Ediane, Velazquez-Salinas, Lauro, Borca, Manuel V., & Gladue, Douglas P. Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14051112
Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth, Vuono, Elizabeth A., Pruitt, Sarah, Rai, Ayushi, Espinoza, Nallely, Valladares, Alyssa, Silva, Ediane, Velazquez-Salinas, Lauro, Borca, Manuel V., and Gladue, Douglas P. Sun .
"Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14051112. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1904926.
@article{osti_1904926,
title = {Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs},
author = {Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth and Vuono, Elizabeth A. and Pruitt, Sarah and Rai, Ayushi and Espinoza, Nallely and Valladares, Alyssa and Silva, Ediane and Velazquez-Salinas, Lauro and Borca, Manuel V. and Gladue, Douglas P.},
abstractNote = {African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of a frequently lethal disease, ASF, affecting domestic and wild swine. Currently, ASF is causing a pandemic affecting pig production in Eurasia. There are no vaccines available, and therefore control of the disease is based on culling infected animals. We report here that deletion of the ASFV gene A104R, a virus histone-like protein, from the genome of the highly virulent ASFV-Georgia2010 (ASFV-G) strain induces a clear decrease in virus virulence when experimentally inoculated in domestic swine. A recombinant virus lacking the A104R gene, ASFV-G-ΔA104R, was developed to assess the role of the A104R gene in disease production in swine. Domestic pigs were intramuscularly inoculated with 102 HAD50 of ASFV-G-ΔA104R, and compared with animals that received a similar dose of virulent ASFV-G. While all ASFV-G inoculated animals developed a fatal form of the disease, animals receiving ASFV-G-ΔA104R survived the challenge, remaining healthy during the 28-day observational period, with the exception of only one showing a protracted but fatal form of the disease. ASFV-G-ΔA104R surviving animals presented protracted viremias with reduced virus titers when compared with those found in animals inoculated with ASFV-G, and all of them developed a strong virus-specific antibody response. This is the first report demonstrating that the A104R gene is involved in ASFV virulence in domestic swine, suggesting that A104R deletion may be used to increase the safety profile of currently experimental vaccines.},
doi = {10.3390/v14051112},
journal = {Viruses},
number = 5,
volume = 14,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun May 22 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Sun May 22 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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