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Title: Timing Six Energetic Rotation-powered X-Ray Pulsars, Including the Fast-spinning Young PSR J0058-7218 and Big Glitcher PSR J0537-6910

Abstract

Abstract Measuring a pulsar’s rotational evolution is crucial to understanding the nature of the pulsar. Here, we provide updated timing models for the rotational evolution of six pulsars, five of which are rotation phase-connected using primarily NICER X-ray data. For the newly discovered fast energetic young pulsar, PSR J0058−7218, we increase the baseline of its timing model from 1.4 days to 8 months and not only measure more precisely its spin-down rate ν ̇ = ( 6.2324 ± 0.0001 ) × 10 11 Hz s 1 but also for the first time the second time derivative of its spin rate ν ̈ = ( 4.2 ± 0.2 ) × 10 21 Hz s 2 . For the fastest and most energetic young pulsar, PSR J0537−6910 (with a 16 ms spin period), we detect four more glitches, for a total of 15 glitches over 4.5 yr of NICER monitoring, and show that its spin-down behavior continues to set this pulsar apart from all others, including a long-term braking index n = −1.234 ± 0.009 and interglitch braking indices that asymptote to ≲7 for long times after a glitch. For PSR J1101−6101, we measure a much more accurate spin-down rate that agrees with a previous value measured without phase connection. For PSR J1412+7922 (also known as Calvera), we extend the baseline of its timing model from our previous 1 yr model to 4.4 yr, and for PSR J1849−0001, we extend the baseline from 1.5 to 4.7 yr. We also present a long-term timing model of the energetic pulsar PSR J1813−1749, by fitting previous radio and X-ray spin frequencies from 2009–2019 and new ones measured here using 2018 NuSTAR and 2021 Chandra data.

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1894735
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Volume: 939 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
Publisher:
American Astronomical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Ho, Wynn C. G., Kuiper, Lucien, Espinoza, Cristóbal M., Guillot, Sebastien, Ray, Paul S., Smith, D. A., Bogdanov, Slavko, Antonopoulou, Danai, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Bejger, Michał, Enoto, Teruaki, Esposito, Paolo, Harding, Alice K., Haskell, Brynmor, Lewandowska, Natalia, Maitra, Chandreyee, and Vasilopoulos, Georgios. Timing Six Energetic Rotation-powered X-Ray Pulsars, Including the Fast-spinning Young PSR J0058-7218 and Big Glitcher PSR J0537-6910. United States: N. p., 2022. Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac8743.
Ho, Wynn C. G., Kuiper, Lucien, Espinoza, Cristóbal M., Guillot, Sebastien, Ray, Paul S., Smith, D. A., Bogdanov, Slavko, Antonopoulou, Danai, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Bejger, Michał, Enoto, Teruaki, Esposito, Paolo, Harding, Alice K., Haskell, Brynmor, Lewandowska, Natalia, Maitra, Chandreyee, & Vasilopoulos, Georgios. Timing Six Energetic Rotation-powered X-Ray Pulsars, Including the Fast-spinning Young PSR J0058-7218 and Big Glitcher PSR J0537-6910. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8743
Ho, Wynn C. G., Kuiper, Lucien, Espinoza, Cristóbal M., Guillot, Sebastien, Ray, Paul S., Smith, D. A., Bogdanov, Slavko, Antonopoulou, Danai, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Bejger, Michał, Enoto, Teruaki, Esposito, Paolo, Harding, Alice K., Haskell, Brynmor, Lewandowska, Natalia, Maitra, Chandreyee, and Vasilopoulos, Georgios. Wed . "Timing Six Energetic Rotation-powered X-Ray Pulsars, Including the Fast-spinning Young PSR J0058-7218 and Big Glitcher PSR J0537-6910". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8743.
@article{osti_1894735,
title = {Timing Six Energetic Rotation-powered X-Ray Pulsars, Including the Fast-spinning Young PSR J0058-7218 and Big Glitcher PSR J0537-6910},
author = {Ho, Wynn C. G. and Kuiper, Lucien and Espinoza, Cristóbal M. and Guillot, Sebastien and Ray, Paul S. and Smith, D. A. and Bogdanov, Slavko and Antonopoulou, Danai and Arzoumanian, Zaven and Bejger, Michał and Enoto, Teruaki and Esposito, Paolo and Harding, Alice K. and Haskell, Brynmor and Lewandowska, Natalia and Maitra, Chandreyee and Vasilopoulos, Georgios},
abstractNote = {Abstract Measuring a pulsar’s rotational evolution is crucial to understanding the nature of the pulsar. Here, we provide updated timing models for the rotational evolution of six pulsars, five of which are rotation phase-connected using primarily NICER X-ray data. For the newly discovered fast energetic young pulsar, PSR J0058−7218, we increase the baseline of its timing model from 1.4 days to 8 months and not only measure more precisely its spin-down rate ν ̇ = ( − 6.2324 ± 0.0001 ) × 10 − 11 Hz s − 1 but also for the first time the second time derivative of its spin rate ν ̈ = ( 4.2 ± 0.2 ) × 10 − 21 Hz s − 2 . For the fastest and most energetic young pulsar, PSR J0537−6910 (with a 16 ms spin period), we detect four more glitches, for a total of 15 glitches over 4.5 yr of NICER monitoring, and show that its spin-down behavior continues to set this pulsar apart from all others, including a long-term braking index n = −1.234 ± 0.009 and interglitch braking indices that asymptote to ≲7 for long times after a glitch. For PSR J1101−6101, we measure a much more accurate spin-down rate that agrees with a previous value measured without phase connection. For PSR J1412+7922 (also known as Calvera), we extend the baseline of its timing model from our previous 1 yr model to 4.4 yr, and for PSR J1849−0001, we extend the baseline from 1.5 to 4.7 yr. We also present a long-term timing model of the energetic pulsar PSR J1813−1749, by fitting previous radio and X-ray spin frequencies from 2009–2019 and new ones measured here using 2018 NuSTAR and 2021 Chandra data.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ac8743},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
number = 1,
volume = 939,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Oct 26 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Wed Oct 26 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}

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