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Title: Paradigms of frustration in superionic solid electrolytes

Abstract

Superionic solid electrolytes have widespread use in energy devices, but the fundamental motivations for fast ion conduction are often elusive. In this Perspective, we draw upon atomistic simulations of a wide range of superionic conductors to illustrate some ways frustration can lower diffusion cation barriers in solids. Based on our studies of halides, oxides, sulfides and hydroborates and a survey of published reports, we classify three types of frustration that create competition between different local atomic preferences, thereby flattening the diffusive energy landscape. These include chemical frustration, which derives from competing factors in the anion–cation interaction; structural frustration, which arises from lattice arrangements that induce site distortion or prevent cation ordering; and dynamical frustration, which is associated with temporary fluctuations in the energy landscape due to anion reorientation or cation reconfiguration. For each class of frustration, we provide detailed simulation analyses of various materials to show how ion mobility is facilitated, resulting in stabilizing factors that are both entropic and enthalpic in origin. We propose the use of these categories as a general construct for classifying frustration in superionic conductors and discuss implications for future development of suitable descriptors and improvement strategies.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. San Francisco State Univ., CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Science Foundation (NSF); University of Texas, Austin; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office
OSTI Identifier:
1860820
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-827902
Journal ID: ISSN 1364-503X; 1043063
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344; DMR-1710630; AC02-06CH11357; DMR180033
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. A, Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 379; Journal Issue: 2211; Journal ID: ISSN 1364-503X
Publisher:
The Royal Society Publishing
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 25 ENERGY STORAGE; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; superionic; ab initio molecular dynamics; solid electrolyte; frustration

Citation Formats

Wood, Brandon C., Varley, Joel B., Kweon, Kyoung E., Shea, Patrick, Hall, Alex T., Grieder, Andrew, Ward, Michael, Aguirre, Vincent P., Rigling, Dylan, Lopez Ventura, Eduardo, Stancill, Chimara, and Adelstein, Nicole. Paradigms of frustration in superionic solid electrolytes. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1098/rsta.2019.0467.
Wood, Brandon C., Varley, Joel B., Kweon, Kyoung E., Shea, Patrick, Hall, Alex T., Grieder, Andrew, Ward, Michael, Aguirre, Vincent P., Rigling, Dylan, Lopez Ventura, Eduardo, Stancill, Chimara, & Adelstein, Nicole. Paradigms of frustration in superionic solid electrolytes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0467
Wood, Brandon C., Varley, Joel B., Kweon, Kyoung E., Shea, Patrick, Hall, Alex T., Grieder, Andrew, Ward, Michael, Aguirre, Vincent P., Rigling, Dylan, Lopez Ventura, Eduardo, Stancill, Chimara, and Adelstein, Nicole. Mon . "Paradigms of frustration in superionic solid electrolytes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0467. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1860820.
@article{osti_1860820,
title = {Paradigms of frustration in superionic solid electrolytes},
author = {Wood, Brandon C. and Varley, Joel B. and Kweon, Kyoung E. and Shea, Patrick and Hall, Alex T. and Grieder, Andrew and Ward, Michael and Aguirre, Vincent P. and Rigling, Dylan and Lopez Ventura, Eduardo and Stancill, Chimara and Adelstein, Nicole},
abstractNote = {Superionic solid electrolytes have widespread use in energy devices, but the fundamental motivations for fast ion conduction are often elusive. In this Perspective, we draw upon atomistic simulations of a wide range of superionic conductors to illustrate some ways frustration can lower diffusion cation barriers in solids. Based on our studies of halides, oxides, sulfides and hydroborates and a survey of published reports, we classify three types of frustration that create competition between different local atomic preferences, thereby flattening the diffusive energy landscape. These include chemical frustration, which derives from competing factors in the anion–cation interaction; structural frustration, which arises from lattice arrangements that induce site distortion or prevent cation ordering; and dynamical frustration, which is associated with temporary fluctuations in the energy landscape due to anion reorientation or cation reconfiguration. For each class of frustration, we provide detailed simulation analyses of various materials to show how ion mobility is facilitated, resulting in stabilizing factors that are both entropic and enthalpic in origin. We propose the use of these categories as a general construct for classifying frustration in superionic conductors and discuss implications for future development of suitable descriptors and improvement strategies.},
doi = {10.1098/rsta.2019.0467},
journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. A, Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
number = 2211,
volume = 379,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Mon Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}

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  • Tomita, Yasumasa; Fuji-i, Aya; Ohki, Hiroshi
  • Chemistry Letters, Vol. 27, Issue 3
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Influence of the Lithium Substructure on the Diffusion Pathways and Transport Properties of the Thio-LISICON Li 4 Ge 1– x Sn x S 4
journal, April 2019


Diffusion within α-CuI studied using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations
journal, July 2009


Diffusion of lithium ions in Lithium-argyrodite solid-state electrolytes
journal, October 2020


Status and prospects of hydroborate electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries
journal, March 2020


Stability, Elastic Properties, and the Li Transport Mechanism of the Protonated and Fluorinated Antiperovskite Lithium Conductors
journal, November 2020

  • Effat, Mohammed B.; Liu, Jiapeng; Lu, Ziheng
  • ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 12, Issue 49
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Materials design of ionic conductors for solid state batteries
journal, March 2020


Amorphous versus Crystalline Li 3 PS 4 : Local Structural Changes during Synthesis and Li Ion Mobility
journal, April 2019

  • Stöffler, Heike; Zinkevich, Tatiana; Yavuz, Murat
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 123, Issue 16
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Enhancement of Ionic Transport in Complex Oxides through Soft Lattice Modes and Epitaxial Strain
journal, March 2015


Thermally Induced S-Sublattice Transition of Li 3 PS 4 for Fast Lithium-Ion Conduction
journal, September 2018


Lattice Dynamical Approach for Finding the Lithium Superionic Conductor Li 3 ErI 6
journal, March 2020

  • Schlem, Roman; Bernges, Tim; Li, Cheng
  • ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.0c00147

Anion Charge and Lattice Volume Maps for Searching Lithium Superionic Conductors
journal, May 2020


Anion Reorientations and Cation Diffusion in LiCB 11 H 12 and NaCB 11 H 12 : 1 H, 7 Li, and 23 Na NMR Studies
journal, November 2015

  • Skripov, Alexander V.; Skoryunov, Roman V.; Soloninin, Alexei V.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 119, Issue 48
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Anion reorientation in an ion conducting plastic crystal – coherent quasielastic neutron scattering from sodium ortho-phosphate
journal, May 1999


Designing Ionic Conductors: The Interplay between Structural Phenomena and Interfaces in Thiophosphate-Based Solid-State Batteries
journal, May 2018


Design principles for solid-state lithium superionic conductors
journal, August 2015

  • Wang, Yan; Richards, William Davidson; Ong, Shyue Ping
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 10
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Nosé–Hoover chains: The canonical ensemble via continuous dynamics
journal, August 1992

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  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 97, Issue 4
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Structure and Sodium Ion Transport in Na 11+ x Sn 2+ x (Sb 1– y P y ) 1– x S 12
journal, July 2020


Local Structural Investigations, Defect Formation, and Ionic Conductivity of the Lithium Ionic Conductor Li 4 P 2 S 6
journal, November 2016


Some factors responsible for high ionic conductivity in simple solid compounds
journal, November 1973


Complex metal borohydrides: multifunctional materials for energy storage and conversion
journal, July 2016


Impacts of vacancy-induced polarization and distortion on diffusion in solid electrolyte Li 3 OCl
journal, October 2021

  • Mehmedović, Zerina; Wei, Vanessa; Grieder, Andrew
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 379, Issue 2211
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Mechanisms of ionic conduction in Li2SO4 and LiNaSO4: Paddle wheel or percolation?
journal, March 1995


Room-temperature-operating Na solid-state battery with complex hydride as electrolyte
journal, September 2019


Engineering the Site‐Disorder and Lithium Distribution in the Lithium Superionic Argyrodite Li 6 PS 5 Br
journal, December 2020

  • Gautam, Ajay; Sadowski, Marcel; Ghidiu, Michael
  • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202003369

Classical and Emerging Characterization Techniques for Investigation of Ion Transport Mechanisms in Crystalline Fast Ionic Conductors
journal, April 2020


Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 ‐Type Superionic Conductors: Synthesis, Structure, and Ionic Transportation
journal, September 2020

  • Kato, Yuki; Hori, Satoshi; Kanno, Ryoji
  • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202002153

Dynamic Correlation between Superionic Coppers in α-CuI
journal, April 2012

  • Tsumuraya, Kazuo; Ohtsuka, Takamitsu; Oshihara, Hiroaki
  • Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 81, Issue 4
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Rapid Crystallization and Kinetic Freezing of Site-Disorder in the Lithium Superionic Argyrodite Li 6 PS 5 Br
journal, November 2019


Mechanistic Origin of Superionic Lithium Diffusion in Anion-Disordered Li 6 PS 5 X Argyrodites
journal, March 2021


NMR studies on lithium ion migration in sulfide-based conductors, amorphous and crystalline Li3PS4
journal, February 2016


Roles of phonon amplitude and low-energy optical phonons on superionic conduction
journal, November 1997


Unparalleled lithium and sodium superionic conduction in solid electrolytes with large monovalent cage-like anions
journal, January 2015

  • Tang, Wan Si; Unemoto, Atsushi; Zhou, Wei
  • Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 12
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Unsupervised discovery of solid-state lithium ion conductors
journal, November 2019


Understanding Superionic Conductivity in Lithium and Sodium Salts of Weakly Coordinating Closo -Hexahalocarbaborate Anions
journal, January 2020


Deep potential generation scheme and simulation protocol for the Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 -type superionic conductors
journal, March 2021

  • Huang, Jianxing; Zhang, Linfeng; Wang, Han
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 154, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1063/5.0041849

The crystallography of correlated disorder
journal, May 2015


Fast Rotational Dynamics in Argyrodite-Type Li 6 PS 5 X (X: Cl, Br, I) as Seen by 31 P Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation—On Cation–Anion Coupled Transport in Thiophosphates
journal, May 2019


Na 3– x Er 1– x Zr x Cl 6 —A Halide-Based Fast Sodium-Ion Conductor with Vacancy-Driven Ionic Transport
journal, September 2020

  • Schlem, Roman; Banik, Ananya; Eckardt, Mirco
  • ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.0c01870

Inorganic Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries: Mechanisms and Properties Governing Ion Conduction
journal, December 2015


Dynamical Structure, Bonding, and Thermodynamics of the Superionic Sublattice in α AgI
journal, October 2006


Two-Dimensional Substitution: Toward a Better Understanding of the Structure–Transport Correlations in the Li-Superionic Thio-LISICONs
journal, January 2021


Thin-film lithium and lithium-ion batteries
journal, November 2000


Li-ion site disorder driven superionic conductivity in solid electrolytes: a first-principles investigation of β-Li 3 PS 4
journal, January 2017

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  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 3
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