Suppression of edge localized modes with real-time boron injection using the tungsten divertor in EAST

Sun, Z.; Diallo, A.; Maingi, R.; Qian, Y. Z.; Tritz, K.; Wang, Y. F.; Wang, Y. M.; Bortolon, A.; Nagy, A.; Zhang, L.; Duan, Y. M.; Ye, Y.; Zhao, H. L.; Wang, H. Q.; Gu, X.; Zuo, G. Z.; Xu, W.; Huang, M.; Li, C. L.; Meng, X. C.; Zhou, C.; Liu, H. Q.; Zang, Q.; Wang, L.; Qian, J. P.; Xu, G. S.; Gong, X. Z.; Hu, J. S.

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/abc763

Title: Suppression of edge localized modes with real-time boron injection using the tungsten divertor in EAST

Abstract

We report an observation of robust suppression of edge-localized modes (ELMs) in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), enabled by continuous boron (B) powder injection. Edge harmonic oscillations appear during B powder injection, providing sufficient particle transport to maintain constant density and avoid impurity accumulation in ELM-stable plasmas. Here, quasi-steady ELM suppression discharges are demonstrated with modest energy confinement improvement and over a wide range of conditions: heating power and technique variation, electron density range over a factor ~3.5, deuterium or helium ion species, and with either direction of the toroidal magnetic field. ELM suppression is observed above a threshold edge B intensity and ceases within 0.5 s of termination of the B injection. In contrast to ELM suppression accompanied by recycling reduction during Li powder injection in NSTX and EAST (Maingi et al 2018 Nucl. Fusion 58 024003), reduced recycling due to hydrogenic species retention is unnecessary for the ELM suppression with B powder injection, paving the way for its consideration as an ELM control tool for future fusion devices.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Maingi, R. ^[1]; Qian, Y. Z. ^[2]; Tritz, K. ^[3];

^[4]; Wang, Y. M. ^[4];

^[1]; Nagy, A. ^[1]; Zhang, L. ^[4]; Duan, Y. M. ^[4]; Ye, Y. ^[5]; Zhao, H. L. ^[4]; Wang, H. Q. ^[6]; Gu, X. ^[4]; Zuo, G. Z. ^[4];

^[5]; Huang, M. ^[4];

^[2]; Meng, X. C. ^[7] more »

Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui (China); Nanchang Univ. (China)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui (China)
Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center (China)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center (China)
Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Anhui (China)
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui (China); Key Lab. of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei (China)

Publication Date:: Mon Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1818375

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; SC0016553; FC02-04ER54698

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nuclear Fusion

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 61; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP Science

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Sun, Z., Diallo, A., Maingi, R., Qian, Y. Z., Tritz, K., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. M., Bortolon, A., Nagy, A., Zhang, L., Duan, Y. M., Ye, Y., Zhao, H. L., Wang, H. Q., Gu, X., Zuo, G. Z., Xu, W., Huang, M., Li, C. L., Meng, X. C., Zhou, C., Liu, H. Q., Zang, Q., Wang, L., Qian, J. P., Xu, G. S., Gong, X. Z., and Hu, J. S. Suppression of edge localized modes with real-time boron injection using the tungsten divertor in EAST.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/1741-4326/abc763.

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                    Sun, Z., Diallo, A., Maingi, R., Qian, Y. Z., Tritz, K., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. M., Bortolon, A., Nagy, A., Zhang, L., Duan, Y. M., Ye, Y., Zhao, H. L., Wang, H. Q., Gu, X., Zuo, G. Z., Xu, W., Huang, M., Li, C. L., Meng, X. C., Zhou, C., Liu, H. Q., Zang, Q., Wang, L., Qian, J. P., Xu, G. S., Gong, X. Z., & Hu, J. S. Suppression of edge localized modes with real-time boron injection using the tungsten divertor in EAST.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abc763

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                    Sun, Z., Diallo, A., Maingi, R., Qian, Y. Z., Tritz, K., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. M., Bortolon, A., Nagy, A., Zhang, L., Duan, Y. M., Ye, Y., Zhao, H. L., Wang, H. Q., Gu, X., Zuo, G. Z., Xu, W., Huang, M., Li, C. L., Meng, X. C., Zhou, C., Liu, H. Q., Zang, Q., Wang, L., Qian, J. P., Xu, G. S., Gong, X. Z., and Hu, J. S. Mon .  
"Suppression of edge localized modes with real-time boron injection using the tungsten divertor in EAST".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abc763.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1818375.

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@article{osti_1818375,

  title        = {Suppression of edge localized modes with real-time boron injection using the tungsten divertor in EAST},

  author       = {Sun, Z. and Diallo, A. and Maingi, R. and Qian, Y. Z. and Tritz, K. and Wang, Y. F. and Wang, Y. M. and Bortolon, A. and Nagy, A. and Zhang, L. and Duan, Y. M. and Ye, Y. and Zhao, H. L. and Wang, H. Q. and Gu, X. and Zuo, G. Z. and Xu, W. and Huang, M. and Li, C. L. and Meng, X. C. and Zhou, C. and Liu, H. Q. and Zang, Q. and Wang, L. and Qian, J. P. and Xu, G. S. and Gong, X. Z. and Hu, J. S.},

  abstractNote = {We report an observation of robust suppression of edge-localized modes (ELMs) in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), enabled by continuous boron (B) powder injection. Edge harmonic oscillations appear during B powder injection, providing sufficient particle transport to maintain constant density and avoid impurity accumulation in ELM-stable plasmas. Here, quasi-steady ELM suppression discharges are demonstrated with modest energy confinement improvement and over a wide range of conditions: heating power and technique variation, electron density range over a factor ~3.5, deuterium or helium ion species, and with either direction of the toroidal magnetic field. ELM suppression is observed above a threshold edge B intensity and ceases within 0.5 s of termination of the B injection. In contrast to ELM suppression accompanied by recycling reduction during Li powder injection in NSTX and EAST (Maingi et al 2018 Nucl. Fusion 58 024003), reduced recycling due to hydrogenic species retention is unnecessary for the ELM suppression with B powder injection, paving the way for its consideration as an ELM control tool for future fusion devices.},

  doi          = {10.1088/1741-4326/abc763},

  journal      = {Nuclear Fusion},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 61,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Mon Dec 14 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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Title: Suppression of edge localized modes with real-time boron injection using the tungsten divertor in EAST

Abstract

Citation Formats

Suppression of Edge Localized Modes in High-Confinement KSTAR Plasmas by Nonaxisymmetric Magnetic Perturbations journal, July 2012

Suppression of tungsten accumulation during ELMy H-mode by lower hybrid wave heating in the EAST tokamak journal, August 2017

Characteristics of edge pedestals in LHW and NBI heated H-mode plasmas on EAST journal, July 2016

Erratum: “Experimental study on parasitic mode suppression using FeSiAl in relativistic klystron amplifier” [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86, 034707 (2015)] journal, November 2015

Edge localized modes (ELMs) journal, February 1996

I-mode: an H-mode energy confinement regime with L-mode particle transport in Alcator C-Mod journal, August 2010

Deuterium retention in liquid lithium journal, October 2002

Advances in understanding quiescent H-mode plasmas in DIII-D journal, May 2005

A new look at density limits in tokamaks journal, December 1988

A multi-species powder dropper for magnetic fusion applications journal, October 2018

Runaway electrons generated during spontaneous disruptions in the EAST tokamak journal, August 2017

ELM Suppression by Boron Powder Injection and Comparison with Lithium Powder Injection on EAST journal, October 2020

Edge transport and turbulence reduction with lithium coated plasma facing components in the National Spherical Torus Experiment journal, May 2011

Enhanced confinement scenarios without large edge localized modes in tokamaks: control, performance, and extrapolability issues for ITER journal, November 2014

Chapter 2: Plasma confinement and transport journal, December 1999

Transition to ELM-free improved H-mode by lithium deposition on NSTX graphite divertor surfaces journal, June 2009

Geodesic acoustic mode frequencies in experimental tokamak equilibria journal, February 2013

New Steady-State Quiescent High-Confinement Plasma in an Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak journal, February 2015

Active Control of Type-I Edge-Localized Modes with n = 1 Perturbation Fields in the JET Tokamak journal, June 2007

Edge stability and transport control with resonant magnetic perturbations in collisionless tokamak plasmas journal, May 2006

A multi-channel correlation ECE system for electron temperature fluctuation measurement on EAST tokamak journal, December 2019

Initial measurements of plasma current and electron density profiles using a polarimeter/interferometer (POINT) for long pulse operation in EAST (invited) journal, October 2016

Progress on the application of ELM control schemes to ITER scenarios from the non-active phase to DT operation journal, February 2014

Access and sustainment of naturally ELM-free and small-ELM regimes journal, September 2018

Studies of EDA H-mode in Alcator C-Mod journal, May 2000

ELM elimination with Li powder injection in EAST discharges using the tungsten upper divertor journal, January 2018

Enhanced H-mode pedestals with lithium injection in DIII-D journal, May 2015

Recent advances in EAST physics experiments in support of steady-state operation for ITER and CFETR journal, June 2019

A stationary long-pulse ELM-absent H-mode regime in EAST journal, July 2017

Overview of the present progress and activities on the CFETR journal, June 2017

Suppression of Edge Localized Modes in High-Confinement KSTAR Plasmas by Nonaxisymmetric Magnetic Perturbations
journal, July 2012

Suppression of tungsten accumulation during ELMy H-mode by lower hybrid wave heating in the EAST tokamak
journal, August 2017

Characteristics of edge pedestals in LHW and NBI heated H-mode plasmas on EAST
journal, July 2016

Erratum: “Experimental study on parasitic mode suppression using FeSiAl in relativistic klystron amplifier” [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86, 034707 (2015)]
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Edge localized modes (ELMs)
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I-mode: an H-mode energy confinement regime with L-mode particle transport in Alcator C-Mod
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Deuterium retention in liquid lithium
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Advances in understanding quiescent H-mode plasmas in DIII-D
journal, May 2005

A new look at density limits in tokamaks
journal, December 1988

A multi-species powder dropper for magnetic fusion applications
journal, October 2018

Runaway electrons generated during spontaneous disruptions in the EAST tokamak
journal, August 2017

ELM Suppression by Boron Powder Injection and Comparison with Lithium Powder Injection on EAST
journal, October 2020

Edge transport and turbulence reduction with lithium coated plasma facing components in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, May 2011

Enhanced confinement scenarios without large edge localized modes in tokamaks: control, performance, and extrapolability issues for ITER
journal, November 2014

Chapter 2: Plasma confinement and transport
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Transition to ELM-free improved H-mode by lithium deposition on NSTX graphite divertor surfaces
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New Steady-State Quiescent High-Confinement Plasma in an Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak
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Progress on the application of ELM control schemes to ITER scenarios from the non-active phase to DT operation
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journal, September 2018

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journal, May 2015

Recent advances in EAST physics experiments in support of steady-state operation for ITER and CFETR
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