Intercomparison of Thermal Regime Algorithms in 1-D Lake Models
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- Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences
- Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences; Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). Purdue Climate Change Research Center
- Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation, and Parks, Dorset ON (Canada). Dorset Environmental Science Centre
- Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology
- Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology; Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Lakes are an important component of the global weather and climate system, but the modeling of their thermal regimes has shown large uncertainties due to the highly diverse lake properties and model configurations. Here we evaluate the algorithms of four key lake thermal processes including turbulent heat fluxes, wind-driven mixing, light extinction, and snow density, using a highly diverse lake dataset provided by the Inter-sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) 2a lake sector. Algorithm codes are configured and run separately within the same parent model to rule out any interference from factors apart from the algorithms examined. Evaluations are based on both simulation accuracy and recalibration complexity for application to global lakes. For turbulent heat fluxes, the non-Monin-Obukhov similarity (MOS) based, more simplified algorithms perform better in predicting lake epilimnion temperatures and achieve high convergence in the values of the calibrated parameters. For wind-driven mixing, a two-algorithm strategy considering lake shape and season is suggested with the regular mixing algorithm used for spring and earlier summer and the mixing-enhanced algorithm for summer steady stratification and fall overturn periods. There are no evident differences in the simulated thermocline depths using different light extinction algorithms or the observation. Finally, for lake ice phenology, a constant snow density at around 110 kg m-3 is found to be sufficient for most northern lakes while the Arctic lakes require a higher value. Our study provides highly practical guides for improving 1-D lake models and feasible parameterization strategies to better simulate global lake thermal regimes.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- NASA; USDOE Earth System Modeling Program; USDOE Exascale Earch System Model (E3SM) Project; USGS
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 1811918
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA--156419
- Journal Information:
- Water Resources Research, Journal Name: Water Resources Research Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 57; ISSN 0043-1397
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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