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Title: Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment

Abstract

AbstractThe KATRIN experiment is designed for a direct and model-independent determination of the effective electron anti-neutrino mass via a high-precision measurement of the tritium $$$$\upbeta $$$$ β -decay endpoint region with a sensitivity on $$$$m_\nu $$$$ m ν of 0.2 $$$$\hbox {eV}/\hbox {c}^2$$$$ eV / c 2 (90% CL). For this purpose, the $$$$\upbeta $$$$ β -electrons from a high-luminosity windowless gaseous tritium source traversing an electrostatic retarding spectrometer are counted to obtain an integral spectrum around the endpoint energy of 18.6 keV. A dominant systematic effect of the response of the experimental setup is the energy loss of $$$$\upbeta $$$$ β -electrons from elastic and inelastic scattering off tritium molecules within the source. We determined the energy-loss function in-situ with a pulsed angular-selective and monoenergetic photoelectron source at various tritium-source densities. The data was recorded in integral and differential modes; the latter was achieved by using a novel time-of-flight technique. We developed a semi-empirical parametrization for the energy-loss function for the scattering of 18.6-keV electrons from hydrogen isotopologs. This model was fit to measurement data with a 95% $$$$\hbox {T}_2$$$$ T 2 gas mixture at 30 K, as used in the first KATRIN neutrino-mass analyses, as well as a $$$$\hbox {D}_2$$$$ D 2 gas mixture of 96% purity used in KATRIN commissioning runs. The achieved precision on the energy-loss function has abated the corresponding uncertainty of $$$$\sigma (m_\nu ^2)< {{10}^{-2}}{\hbox {eV}^{2}}$$$$ σ ( m ν 2 ) < 10 - 2 eV 2 [1] in the KATRIN neutrino-mass measurement to a subdominant level.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Contributing Org.:
KATRIN Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1805117
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1820603; OSTI ID: 1834001; OSTI ID: 1907695
Grant/Contract Number:  
FG02-97ER41020; FG02-94ER40818; SC0004036; AC02-05CH11231; 5A17PDA; 05A17PM3; 05A17PX3; 05A17VK2; 05A17WO3; 075-15-2020-778; FG02-97ER41033; FG02-97ER41041; SC0011091; SC001930
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields Journal Volume: 81 Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1434-6044
Publisher:
Springer Science + Business Media
Country of Publication:
Germany
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats

Aker, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Miniawy, A. El, Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Groh, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Le, T. L., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Meier, M., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schaller, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Schwachtgen, C., Šefčík, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G. Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment. Germany: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09325-z.
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Aker, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Miniawy, A. El, Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Groh, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Le, T. L., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Meier, M., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schaller, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Schwachtgen, C., Šefčík, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadoroghny, S., & Zeller, G. Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment. Germany. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09325-z
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Aker, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Bieringer, B., Block, F., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Böttcher, M., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R. M. D., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Miniawy, A. El, Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Groh, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hannen, V., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hiller, R., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Houdy, T., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lehnert, B., Le, T. L., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Meier, M., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Mostafa, J., Müller, K., Niemes, S., Oelpmann, P., Parno, D. S., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodejohann, W., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schaller, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schneidewind, S., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Schwachtgen, C., Šefčík, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Sturm, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weinheimer, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadoroghny, S., and Zeller, G. Mon . "Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment". Germany. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09325-z.
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@article{osti_1805117,
title = {Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment},
author = {Aker, M. and Beglarian, A. and Behrens, J. and Berlev, A. and Besserer, U. and Bieringer, B. and Block, F. and Bornschein, B. and Bornschein, L. and Böttcher, M. and Brunst, T. and Caldwell, T. S. and Carney, R. M. D. and Chilingaryan, S. and Choi, W. and Debowski, K. and Deffert, M. and Descher, M. and Barrero, D. Díaz and Doe, P. J. and Dragoun, O. and Drexlin, G. and Edzards, F. and Eitel, K. and Ellinger, E. and Miniawy, A. El and Engel, R. and Enomoto, S. and Felden, A. and Formaggio, J. A. and Fränkle, F. M. and Franklin, G. B. and Friedel, F. and Fulst, A. and Gauda, K. and Gil, W. and Glück, F. and Groh, S. and Grössle, R. and Gumbsheimer, R. and Hannen, V. and Haußmann, N. and Heizmann, F. and Helbing, K. and Hickford, S. and Hiller, R. and Hillesheimer, D. and Hinz, D. and Höhn, T. and Houdy, T. and Huber, A. and Jansen, A. and Karl, C. and Kellerer, J. and Kleesiek, M. and Klein, M. and Köhler, C. and Köllenberger, L. and Kopmann, A. and Korzeczek, M. and Kovalík, A. and Krasch, B. and Krause, H. and Kunka, N. and Lasserre, T. and La Cascio, L. and Lebeda, O. and Lehnert, B. and Le, T. L. and Lokhov, A. and Machatschek, M. and Malcherek, E. and Mark, M. and Marsteller, A. and Martin, E. L. and Meier, M. and Melzer, C. and Menshikov, A. and Mertens, S. and Mostafa, J. and Müller, K. and Niemes, S. and Oelpmann, P. and Parno, D. S. and Poon, A. W. P. and Poyato, J. M. L. and Priester, F. and Ranitzsch, P. C. -O. and Robertson, R. G. H. and Rodejohann, W. and Rodenbeck, C. and Röllig, M. and Röttele, C. and Ryšavý, M. and Sack, R. and Saenz, A. and Schäfer, P. and Schaller, A. and Schimpf, L. and Schlösser, K. and Schlösser, M. and Schlüter, L. and Schneidewind, S. and Schrank, M. and Schulz, B. and Schwachtgen, C. and Šefčík, M. and Seitz-Moskaliuk, H. and Sibille, V. and Siegmann, D. and Slezák, M. and Steidl, M. and Sturm, M. and Sun, M. and Tcherniakhovski, D. and Telle, H. H. and Thorne, L. A. and Thümmler, T. and Titov, N. and Tkachev, I. and Trost, N. and Urban, K. and Valerius, K. and Vénos, D. and Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya and Weinheimer, C. and Welte, S. and Wendel, J. and Wilkerson, J. F. and Wolf, J. and Wüstling, S. and Xu, W. and Yen, Y. -R. and Zadoroghny, S. and Zeller, G.},
abstractNote = {AbstractThe KATRIN experiment is designed for a direct and model-independent determination of the effective electron anti-neutrino mass via a high-precision measurement of the tritium $$\upbeta $$ β -decay endpoint region with a sensitivity on $$m_\nu $$ m ν of 0.2 $$\hbox {eV}/\hbox {c}^2$$ eV / c 2 (90% CL). For this purpose, the $$\upbeta $$ β -electrons from a high-luminosity windowless gaseous tritium source traversing an electrostatic retarding spectrometer are counted to obtain an integral spectrum around the endpoint energy of 18.6 keV. A dominant systematic effect of the response of the experimental setup is the energy loss of $$\upbeta $$ β -electrons from elastic and inelastic scattering off tritium molecules within the source. We determined the energy-loss function in-situ with a pulsed angular-selective and monoenergetic photoelectron source at various tritium-source densities. The data was recorded in integral and differential modes; the latter was achieved by using a novel time-of-flight technique. We developed a semi-empirical parametrization for the energy-loss function for the scattering of 18.6-keV electrons from hydrogen isotopologs. This model was fit to measurement data with a 95% $$\hbox {T}_2$$ T 2 gas mixture at 30 K, as used in the first KATRIN neutrino-mass analyses, as well as a $$\hbox {D}_2$$ D 2 gas mixture of 96% purity used in KATRIN commissioning runs. The achieved precision on the energy-loss function has abated the corresponding uncertainty of $$\sigma (m_\nu ^2)< {{10}^{-2}}{\hbox {eV}^{2}}$$ σ ( m ν 2 ) < 10 - 2 eV 2 [1] in the KATRIN neutrino-mass measurement to a subdominant level.},
doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09325-z},
journal = {European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields},
number = 7,
volume = 81,
place = {Germany},
year = {Mon Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Mon Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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