Effects of solvent formulations in electrolytes on fast charging of Li-ion cells

Wu, Xianyang; Liu, Tianyi; Bai, Yaocai; Rahman, Muhammad; Feng, Xu; Sun, Cheng-Jun; Lin, Feng; Zhao, Kejie; Du, Zhijia

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136453

Title: Effects of solvent formulations in electrolytes on fast charging of Li-ion cells

Abstract

Improving the fast charging performance of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) has the promise to increase the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Electrolyte development plays an important role in enabling fast charging. In this study, fast charging performance of LIBs is studied with different electrolytes of 1.2 M LiPF₆ in Ethylene Carbonate (EC)/Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC)/co-solvents at 30/50/20 wt%. The co-solvents are methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA), ethyl formate (EF), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and EMC. Long term cycling performance under fast charging shows different capacity retention behaviors for different co-solvents. The structural changes in the electrode material are studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The molarity changes in electrolyte is investigated by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The electrode/electrolyte interfaces before and after fast charging are analyzed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The characterization results are in good agreement with the long-term cycling performance. DMC shows the highest fast-charging capability among the five studied co-solvents due to its increased conductivity, improved electrode/electrolyte interface and stable electrode structural integrity.

Authors:

Wu, Xianyang ^[1]; Liu, Tianyi ^[2]; Bai, Yaocai ^[3]; Rahman, Muhammad ^[4]; Feng, Xu ^[4]; Sun, Cheng-Jun ^[5]; Lin, Feng ^[4]; Zhao, Kejie ^[6];

^[3]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1649324

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1632213

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Electrochimica Acta

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 353; Journal Issue: N/A; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4686

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; Fast charging; Electrolyte; Li-ion cells; Electrode/electrolyte interphase

Citation Formats


                    Wu, Xianyang, Liu, Tianyi, Bai, Yaocai, Rahman, Muhammad, Feng, Xu, Sun, Cheng-Jun, Lin, Feng, Zhao, Kejie, and Du, Zhijia. Effects of solvent formulations in electrolytes on fast charging of Li-ion cells.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136453.

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                    Wu, Xianyang, Liu, Tianyi, Bai, Yaocai, Rahman, Muhammad, Feng, Xu, Sun, Cheng-Jun, Lin, Feng, Zhao, Kejie, & Du, Zhijia. Effects of solvent formulations in electrolytes on fast charging of Li-ion cells.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136453

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                    Wu, Xianyang, Liu, Tianyi, Bai, Yaocai, Rahman, Muhammad, Feng, Xu, Sun, Cheng-Jun, Lin, Feng, Zhao, Kejie, and Du, Zhijia. Tue .  
"Effects of solvent formulations in electrolytes on fast charging of Li-ion cells".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136453.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1649324.

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@article{osti_1649324,

  title        = {Effects of solvent formulations in electrolytes on fast charging of Li-ion cells},

  author       = {Wu, Xianyang and Liu, Tianyi and Bai, Yaocai and Rahman, Muhammad and Feng, Xu and Sun, Cheng-Jun and Lin, Feng and Zhao, Kejie and Du, Zhijia},

  abstractNote = {Improving the fast charging performance of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) has the promise to increase the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Electrolyte development plays an important role in enabling fast charging. In this study, fast charging performance of LIBs is studied with different electrolytes of 1.2 M LiPF6 in Ethylene Carbonate (EC)/Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC)/co-solvents at 30/50/20 wt%. The co-solvents are methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA), ethyl formate (EF), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and EMC. Long term cycling performance under fast charging shows different capacity retention behaviors for different co-solvents. The structural changes in the electrode material are studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The molarity changes in electrolyte is investigated by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The electrode/electrolyte interfaces before and after fast charging are analyzed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The characterization results are in good agreement with the long-term cycling performance. DMC shows the highest fast-charging capability among the five studied co-solvents due to its increased conductivity, improved electrode/electrolyte interface and stable electrode structural integrity.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136453},

  journal      = {Electrochimica Acta},

  number       = N/A,

  volume       = 353,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136453

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Title: Effects of solvent formulations in electrolytes on fast charging of Li-ion cells

Abstract

Citation Formats

Commercialization of Lithium Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles journal, June 2019

Fear and loathing of electric vehicles: The reactionary rhetoric of range anxiety journal, February 2019

Battery electric vehicles: What is the minimum range required? journal, January 2019

Enabling fast charging – Battery thermal considerations journal, November 2017

Enabling fast charging – Vehicle considerations journal, November 2017

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Understanding undesirable anode lithium plating issues in lithium-ion batteries journal, January 2016

Li plating as unwanted side reaction in commercial Li-ion cells – A review journal, April 2018

Mechanisms for Lithium Insertion in Carbonaceous Materials journal, October 1995

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Identifying the limiting electrode in lithium ion batteries for extreme fast charging journal, December 2018

Understanding limiting factors in thick electrode performance as applied to high energy density Li-ion batteries journal, February 2017

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Experimental and Modeling Analysis of Graphite Electrodes with Various Thicknesses and Porosities for High-Energy-Density Li-Ion Batteries journal, January 2018

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Electrical conductivity of conductive carbon blacks: influence of surface chemistry and topology journal, July 2003

Surface Characterization of Electrodes from High Power Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, January 2002

Electrochemically lithiated graphite characterised by photoelectron spectroscopy journal, June 2003

XPS analysis of the SEI formed on carbonaceous materials journal, May 2004

Lithium Ion Battery Graphite Solid Electrolyte Interphase Revealed by Microscopy and Spectroscopy journal, January 2013

Mechanism of action of ethylene sulfite and vinylene carbonate electrolyte additives in LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 /graphite pouch cells: electrochemical, GC-MS and XPS analysis journal, January 2015

The role of Li-ion battery electrolyte reactivity in performance decline and self-discharge journal, June 2003

Comparing anode and cathode electrode/electrolyte interface composition and morphology using soft and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy journal, May 2013

Surface Chemistry of Carbon-Treated LiFePO[sub 4] Particles for Li-Ion Battery Cathodes Studied by PES journal, January 2003

Commercialization of Lithium Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles
journal, June 2019

Fear and loathing of electric vehicles: The reactionary rhetoric of range anxiety
journal, February 2019

Battery electric vehicles: What is the minimum range required?
journal, January 2019

Enabling fast charging – Battery thermal considerations
journal, November 2017

Enabling fast charging – Vehicle considerations
journal, November 2017

Challenges and opportunities towards fast-charging battery materials
journal, June 2019

Lithium-ion battery fast charging: A review
journal, August 2019

Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment
journal, November 2017

Understanding undesirable anode lithium plating issues in lithium-ion batteries
journal, January 2016

Li plating as unwanted side reaction in commercial Li-ion cells – A review
journal, April 2018

Mechanisms for Lithium Insertion in Carbonaceous Materials
journal, October 1995

Optimizing Areal Capacities through Understanding the Limitations of Lithium-Ion Electrodes
journal, November 2015

Identifying the limiting electrode in lithium ion batteries for extreme fast charging
journal, December 2018

Understanding limiting factors in thick electrode performance as applied to high energy density Li-ion batteries
journal, February 2017

Physical characterization of the charging process of a Li-ion battery and prediction of Li plating by electrochemical modelling
journal, January 2014

Enabling fast charging of high energy density Li-ion cells with high lithium ion transport electrolytes
journal, June 2019

Experimental and Modeling Analysis of Graphite Electrodes with Various Thicknesses and Porosities for High-Energy-Density Li-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2018

Requirements for Enabling Extreme Fast Charging of High Energy Density Li-Ion Cells while Avoiding Lithium Plating
journal, January 2019

Understanding the trilemma of fast charging, energy density and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries
journal, October 2018

Fast charging of lithium-ion batteries at all temperatures
journal, June 2018

Electrolytes and Interphases in Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond
journal, October 2014

Exploring Classes of Co-Solvents for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Cells
journal, January 2018

Quantifying Changes to the Electrolyte and Negative Electrode in Aged NMC532/Graphite Lithium-Ion Cells
journal, January 2018

Change of Conductivity with Salt Content, Solvent Composition, and Temperature for Electrolytes of LiPF[sub 6] in Ethylene Carbonate-Ethyl Methyl Carbonate
journal, January 2001

Conductivity and Viscosity of PC-DEC and PC-EC Solutions of LiPF[sub 6]
journal, January 2003

Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries
journal, October 2004

In Situ Measurement of Lithium-Ion Cell Internal Temperatures during Extreme Fast Charging
journal, January 2019

Modeling of lithium plating induced aging of lithium-ion batteries: Transition from linear to nonlinear aging
journal, August 2017

A look into the voltage plateau signal for detection and quantification of lithium plating in lithium-ion cells
journal, August 2018

Understanding the Degradation Mechanism of Lithium Nickel Oxide Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries
journal, November 2016

Investigation of the Charge Compensation Mechanism on the Electrochemically Li-Ion Deintercalated Li ₁ _- _x Co _1/3 Ni _1/3 Mn _1/3 O ₂ Electrode System by Combination of Soft and Hard X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, December 2005

ATHENA , ARTEMIS , HEPHAESTUS : data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT
journal, June 2005

Safety characteristics of Li(Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05)O2 and Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2
journal, February 2006

New insight into structural transformation in Li-rich layered oxide during the initial charging
journal, January 2015

A review on electrolyte additives for lithium-ion batteries
journal, November 2006

Formation mechanism of alkyl dicarbonates in Li-ion cells
journal, October 2005

The state of understanding of the lithium-ion-battery graphite solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and its relationship to formation cycling
journal, August 2016

The cathode–electrolyte interface in the Li-ion battery
journal, November 2004

The Reaction of Lithium with Dimethyl Carbonate and Diethyl Carbonate in Ultrahigh Vacuum Studied by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy
journal, February 1999

Surface film formation on electrodes in a LiCoO2/graphite cell: A step by step XPS study
journal, December 2007

Composition and Growth Behavior of the Surface and Electrolyte Decomposition Layer of/on a Commercial Lithium Ion Battery Li _x Ni _1/3 Mn _1/3 Co _1/3 O ₂ Cathode Determined by Sputter Depth Profile X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
journal, December 2013

Electrical conductivity of conductive carbon blacks: influence of surface chemistry and topology
journal, July 2003

Surface Characterization of Electrodes from High Power Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2002

Electrochemically lithiated graphite characterised by photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, June 2003

XPS analysis of the SEI formed on carbonaceous materials
journal, May 2004

Lithium Ion Battery Graphite Solid Electrolyte Interphase Revealed by Microscopy and Spectroscopy
journal, January 2013

Mechanism of action of ethylene sulfite and vinylene carbonate electrolyte additives in LiNi _1/3 Mn _1/3 Co _1/3 O ₂ /graphite pouch cells: electrochemical, GC-MS and XPS analysis
journal, January 2015

The role of Li-ion battery electrolyte reactivity in performance decline and self-discharge
journal, June 2003

Comparing anode and cathode electrode/electrolyte interface composition and morphology using soft and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, May 2013

Surface Chemistry of Carbon-Treated LiFePO[sub 4] Particles for Li-Ion Battery Cathodes Studied by PES
journal, January 2003