DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Analysis of LhcSR3, a Protein Essential for Feedback De-Excitation in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Abstract

In photosynthetic organisms, feedback dissipation of excess absorbed light energy balances harvesting of light with metabolic energy consumption. This mechanism prevents photodamage caused by reactive oxygen species produced by the reaction of chlorophyll (Chl) triplet states with O2. Plants have been found to perform the heat dissipation in specific proteins, binding Chls and carotenoids (Cars), that belong to the Lhc family, while triggering of the process is performed by the PsbS subunit, needed for lumenal pH detection. PsbS is not found in algae, suggesting important differences in energy-dependent quenching (qE) machinery. Consistent with this suggestion, a different Lhc-like gene product, called LhcSR3 (formerly known as LI818) has been found to be essential for qE in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this work, we report the production of two recombinant LhcSR isoforms from C. reinhardtii and their biochemical and spectroscopic characterization. We found the following: (i) LhcSR isoforms are Chl a/b– and xanthophyll-binding proteins, contrary to higher plant PsbS; (ii) the LhcSR3 isoform, accumulating in high light, is a strong quencher of Chl excited states, exhibiting a very fast fluorescence decay, with lifetimes below 100 ps, capable of dissipating excitation energy from neighbor antenna proteins; (iii) the LhcSR3 isoform is highly active inmore » the transient formation of Car radical cation, a species proposed to act as a quencher in the heat dissipation process. Remarkably, the radical cation signal is detected at wavelengths corresponding to the Car lutein, rather than to zeaxanthin, implying that the latter, predominant in plants, is not essential; (iv) LhcSR3 is responsive to low pH, the trigger of non-photochemical quenching, since it binds the nonphotochemical quenching inhibitor dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and increases its energy dissipation properties upon acidification. This is the first report of an isolated Lhc protein constitutively active in energy dissipation in its purified form, opening the way to detailed molecular analysis. Owing to its protonatable residues and constitutive excitation energy dissipation, this protein appears to merge both pH-sensing and energy-quenching functions, accomplished respectively by PsbS and monomeric Lhcb proteins in plants.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [2];  [1]
  1. Universita di Verona (Italy). Dipartimento di Biotecnologie
  2. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Plant and Microbial Biology; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Physical Biosciences Division
  3. Universita di Padova (Italy). Dipartimento di Biologia
  4. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Physical Biosciences Division; Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division
OSTI Identifier:
1627165
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
PLoS Biology (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: PLoS Biology (Online); Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1545-7885
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics

Citation Formats

Bonente, Giulia, Ballottari, Matteo, Truong, Thuy B., Morosinotto, Tomas, Ahn, Tae K., Fleming, Graham R., Niyogi, Krishna K., and Bassi, Roberto. Analysis of LhcSR3, a Protein Essential for Feedback De-Excitation in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. United States: N. p., 2011. Web. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000577.
Bonente, Giulia, Ballottari, Matteo, Truong, Thuy B., Morosinotto, Tomas, Ahn, Tae K., Fleming, Graham R., Niyogi, Krishna K., & Bassi, Roberto. Analysis of LhcSR3, a Protein Essential for Feedback De-Excitation in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000577
Bonente, Giulia, Ballottari, Matteo, Truong, Thuy B., Morosinotto, Tomas, Ahn, Tae K., Fleming, Graham R., Niyogi, Krishna K., and Bassi, Roberto. Tue . "Analysis of LhcSR3, a Protein Essential for Feedback De-Excitation in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000577. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1627165.
@article{osti_1627165,
title = {Analysis of LhcSR3, a Protein Essential for Feedback De-Excitation in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii},
author = {Bonente, Giulia and Ballottari, Matteo and Truong, Thuy B. and Morosinotto, Tomas and Ahn, Tae K. and Fleming, Graham R. and Niyogi, Krishna K. and Bassi, Roberto},
abstractNote = {In photosynthetic organisms, feedback dissipation of excess absorbed light energy balances harvesting of light with metabolic energy consumption. This mechanism prevents photodamage caused by reactive oxygen species produced by the reaction of chlorophyll (Chl) triplet states with O2. Plants have been found to perform the heat dissipation in specific proteins, binding Chls and carotenoids (Cars), that belong to the Lhc family, while triggering of the process is performed by the PsbS subunit, needed for lumenal pH detection. PsbS is not found in algae, suggesting important differences in energy-dependent quenching (qE) machinery. Consistent with this suggestion, a different Lhc-like gene product, called LhcSR3 (formerly known as LI818) has been found to be essential for qE in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this work, we report the production of two recombinant LhcSR isoforms from C. reinhardtii and their biochemical and spectroscopic characterization. We found the following: (i) LhcSR isoforms are Chl a/b– and xanthophyll-binding proteins, contrary to higher plant PsbS; (ii) the LhcSR3 isoform, accumulating in high light, is a strong quencher of Chl excited states, exhibiting a very fast fluorescence decay, with lifetimes below 100 ps, capable of dissipating excitation energy from neighbor antenna proteins; (iii) the LhcSR3 isoform is highly active in the transient formation of Car radical cation, a species proposed to act as a quencher in the heat dissipation process. Remarkably, the radical cation signal is detected at wavelengths corresponding to the Car lutein, rather than to zeaxanthin, implying that the latter, predominant in plants, is not essential; (iv) LhcSR3 is responsive to low pH, the trigger of non-photochemical quenching, since it binds the nonphotochemical quenching inhibitor dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and increases its energy dissipation properties upon acidification. This is the first report of an isolated Lhc protein constitutively active in energy dissipation in its purified form, opening the way to detailed molecular analysis. Owing to its protonatable residues and constitutive excitation energy dissipation, this protein appears to merge both pH-sensing and energy-quenching functions, accomplished respectively by PsbS and monomeric Lhcb proteins in plants.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1000577},
journal = {PLoS Biology (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 18 00:00:00 EST 2011},
month = {Tue Jan 18 00:00:00 EST 2011}
}

Works referenced in this record:

Mutational analysis of a higher plant antenna protein provides identification of chromophores bound into multiple sites
journal, August 1999

  • Bassi, R.; Croce, R.; Cugini, D.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 96, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.18.10056

Carotenoid-binding Sites of the Major Light-harvesting Complex II of Higher Plants
journal, October 1999

  • Croce, Roberta; Weiss, Saskia; Bassi, Roberto
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 274, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.42.29613

Carotenoid binding to photosystems I and IIof Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells grown under weak light or exposed to intense light
journal, January 2001

  • Pineau, Bernard; Gérard-Hirne, Catherine; Selve, Claude
  • Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 39, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/S0981-9428(00)01215-8

Lack of the Light-Harvesting Complex CP24 Affects the Structure and Function of the Grana Membranes of Higher Plant Chloroplasts
journal, November 2006

  • Kovács, László; Damkjær, Jakob; Kereïche, Sami
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 18, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.106.045641

Biochemical Properties of the PsbS Subunit of Photosystem II Either Purified from Chloroplast or Recombinant
journal, April 2002

  • Dominici, Paola; Caffarri, Stefano; Armenante, Franca
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 277, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M200604200

Kinetic Modeling of Charge-Transfer Quenching in the CP29 Minor Complex
journal, October 2008

  • Cheng, Yuan-Chung; Ahn, Tae Kyu; Avenson, Thomas J.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 112, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp802730c

Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4
journal, August 1970


Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence by Triplets in Solubilized Light-Harvesting Complex II (LHCII)
journal, April 1999


Tracing the Evolution of the Light-Harvesting Antennae in Chlorophyll a / b -Containing Organisms
journal, February 2007

  • Koziol, Adam G.; Borza, Tudor; Ishida, Ken-Ichiro
  • Plant Physiology, Vol. 143, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.092536

Altered xanthophyll compositions adversely affect chlorophyll accumulation and nonphotochemical quenching in Arabidopsis mutants
journal, October 1998

  • Pogson, B. J.; Niyogi, K. K.; Bjorkman, O.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 95, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13324

Regulation of Photosynthetic Light Harvesting Involves Intrathylakoid Lumen pH Sensing by the PsbS Protein
journal, March 2004

  • Li, Xiao-Ping; Gilmore, Adam M.; Caffarri, Stefano
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 279, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M402461200

Carotenoid Cation Formation and the Regulation of Photosynthetic Light Harvesting
journal, January 2005


Photoprotection in a zeaxanthin- and lutein-deficient double mutant of Arabidopsis
journal, February 2001

  • Niyogi, Krishna K.; Shih, Connie; Soon Chow, Wah
  • Photosynthesis Research, Vol. 67, Issue 1/2, p. 139-145
  • DOI: 10.1023/A:1010661102365

A Post-translational Modification of the Photosystem II Subunit CP29 Protects Maize from Cold Stress
journal, April 1995

  • Bergantino, Elisabetta; Dainese, Paola; Cerovic, Zoran
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 270, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.15.8474

Crystal structure of plant photosystem I
journal, December 2003

  • Ben-Shem, Adam; Frolow, Felix; Nelson, Nathan
  • Nature, Vol. 426, Issue 6967
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature02200

Photoprotection in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: Role of LI818-like proteins in response to high light stress
journal, August 2010

  • Zhu, Song-Hua; Green, Beverley R.
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1797, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.04.003

Efficient Light Harvesting by Photosystem II Requires an Optimized Protein Packing Density in Grana Thylakoids
journal, April 2010

  • Haferkamp, Silvia; Haase, Winfried; Pascal, Andrew A.
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 285, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M109.077750

An ancient light-harvesting protein is critical for the regulation of algal photosynthesis
journal, November 2009

  • Peers, Graham; Truong, Thuy B.; Ostendorf, Elisabeth
  • Nature, Vol. 462, Issue 7272
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature08587

Isolation and Characterization of Photoautotrophic Mutants ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii Deficient in State Transition
journal, October 1999

  • Fleischmann, Mark M.; Ravanel, Stéphane; Delosme, René
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 274, Issue 43
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.43.30987

A pigment-binding protein essential for regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting
journal, January 2000

  • Li, Xiao-Ping; Björkman, Olle; Shih, Connie
  • Nature, Vol. 403, Issue 6768
  • DOI: 10.1038/35000131

Contrasting Behavior of Higher Plant Photosystem I and II Antenna Systems during Acclimation
journal, January 2007

  • Ballottari, Matteo; Dall'Osto, Luca; Morosinotto, Tomas
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 282, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M606417200

A Major Light-Harvesting Polypeptide of Photosystem II Functions in Thermal Dissipation
journal, July 2002

  • Elrad, Dafna; Niyogi, Krishna K.; Grossman, Arthur R.
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 14, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.002154

The Chlamydomonas Genome Reveals the Evolution of Key Animal and Plant Functions
journal, October 2007

  • Merchant, S. S.; Prochnik, S. E.; Vallon, O.
  • Science, Vol. 318, Issue 5848, p. 245-250
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.1143609

Ultrafast Evolution of the Excited States in the Chlorophyll a/b Complex CP29 from Green Plants Studied by Energy-Selective Pump−Probe Spectroscopy
journal, January 1998

  • Gradinaru, Claudiu C.; Pascal, Andy A.; van Mourik, Frank
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 37, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi9722655

Atomic model of plant light-harvesting complex by electron crystallography
journal, February 1994

  • Kühlbrandt, Werner; Wang, Da Neng; Fujiyoshi, Yoshinori
  • Nature, Vol. 367, Issue 6464
  • DOI: 10.1038/367614a0

Reconstitution and Pigment-Binding Properties of Recombinant CP29
journal, May 1996


The Arabidopsis aba4-1 Mutant Reveals a Specific Function for Neoxanthin in Protection against Photooxidative Stress
journal, March 2007

  • Dall'Osto, Luca; Cazzaniga, Stefano; North, Helen
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 19, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.106.049114

Increased Production of Zeaxanthin and Other Pigments by Application of Genetic Engineering Techniques to Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803
journal, January 2000


A specific binding site for neoxanthin in the monomeric antenna proteins CP26 and CP29 of Photosystem II
journal, September 2007


Xanthophyll Binding Sites of the CP29 (Lhcb4) Subunit of Higher Plant Photosystem II Investigated by Domain Swapping and Mutation Analysis
journal, May 2003

  • Gastaldelli, Mirko; Canino, Giusy; Croce, Roberta
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 278, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M212125200

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii LI818 gene represents a distant relative of the cabI/II genes that is regulated during the cell cycle and in response to illumination
journal, November 1996

  • Savard, Fr�d�ric; Richard, Christian; Guertin, Michel
  • Plant Molecular Biology, Vol. 32, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1007/BF00019098

Zeaxanthin Radical Cation Formation in Minor Light-harvesting Complexes of Higher Plant Antenna
journal, November 2007

  • Avenson, Thomas J.; Ahn, Tae Kyu; Zigmantas, Donatas
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 283, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M705645200

Occupancy and Functional Architecture of the Pigment Binding Sites of Photosystem II Antenna Complex Lhcb5
journal, January 2009

  • Ballottari, Matteo; Mozzo, Milena; Croce, Roberta
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 284, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M808326200

Determination of the Stoichiometry and Strength of Binding of Xanthophylls to the Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes
journal, April 1999

  • Ruban, Alexander V.; Lee, Pamela J.; Wentworth, Mark
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 274, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.15.10458

Identification of a mechanism of photoprotective energy dissipation in higher plants
journal, November 2007

  • Ruban, Alexander V.; Berera, Rudi; Ilioaia, Cristian
  • Nature, Vol. 450, Issue 7169
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature06262

Light-induced Dissociation of an Antenna Hetero-oligomer Is Needed for Non-photochemical Quenching Induction
journal, March 2009

  • Betterle, Nico; Ballottari, Matteo; Zorzan, Simone
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 284, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M808625200

Pigment-Pigment Interactions in Lhca4 Antenna Complex of Higher Plants Photosystem I
journal, May 2005

  • Morosinotto, Tomas; Mozzo, Milena; Bassi, Roberto
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 280, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M500705200

De-epoxidation of Violaxanthin after Reconstitution into Different Carotenoid Binding Sites of Light-harvesting Complex II
journal, April 2001

  • Jahns, Peter; Wehner, Antje; Paulsen, Harald
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 276, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m102147200

ELIPs - Light-induced stress proteins
journal, August 1997


Physcomitrella patens mutants affected on heat dissipation clarify the evolution of photoprotection mechanisms upon land colonization
journal, May 2010

  • Alboresi, A.; Gerotto, C.; Giacometti, G. M.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1002873107

Architecture of a Charge-Transfer State Regulating Light Harvesting in a Plant Antenna Protein
journal, May 2008


The Lhca antenna complexes of higher plants photosystem I
journal, October 2002

  • Croce, Roberta; Morosinotto, Tomas; Castelletti, Simona
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1556, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/S0005-2728(02)00304-3

Cation radicals of xanthophylls
journal, July 2007

  • Galinato, Mary Grace I.; Niedzwiedzki, Dariusz; Deal, Cailin
  • Photosynthesis Research, Vol. 94, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11120-007-9218-5

The neoxanthin binding site of the major light harvesting complex (LHCII) from higher plants
journal, July 1999


Photoprotection in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: Role of LI818-like proteins in response to high light stress
journal, August 2010

  • Zhu, Song-Hua; Green, Beverley R.
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1797, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.04.003

The Association of the Antenna System to Photosystem I in Higher Plants: COOPERATIVE INTERACTIONS STABILIZE THE SUPRAMOLECULAR COMPLEX AND ENHANCE RED-SHIFTED SPECTRAL FORMS
journal, June 2005

  • Morosinotto, Tomas; Ballottari, Matteo; Klimmek, Frank
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 280, Issue 35
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M502935200

Singlet Energy Dissipation in the Photosystem II Light-Harvesting Complex Does Not Involve Energy Transfer to Carotenoids
journal, April 2010


Chromophore Organization in the Higher-Plant Photosystem II Antenna Protein CP26
journal, June 2002

  • Croce, Roberta; Canino, Giusy; Ros, Francesca
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 41, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi0257437

Abundantly and Rarely Expressed Lhc Protein Genes Exhibit Distinct Regulation Patterns in Plants
journal, March 2006

  • Klimmek, Frank; Sjödin, Andreas; Noutsos, Christos
  • Plant Physiology, Vol. 140, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1104/pp.105.073304

A single point mutation (E166Q) prevents dicyclohexylcarbodiimide binding to the photosystem II subunit CP29
journal, January 1997


The Occurrence of the psbS Gene Product in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and in Other Photosynthetic Organisms and Its Correlation with Energy Quenching
journal, November 2008


Crystal structure of spinach major light-harvesting complex at 2.72 Å resolution
journal, March 2004

  • Liu, Zhenfeng; Yan, Hanchi; Wang, Kebin
  • Nature, Vol. 428, Issue 6980
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature02373

Biochemistry of hydrogen metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii wild type and a Rubisco-less mutant
journal, March 2006


Thylakoid membrane polypeptides of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: wild-type and mutant strains deficient in photosystem II reaction center.
journal, June 1975

  • Chua, N. H.; Bennoun, P.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 72, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.72.6.2175

Functional analysis of Photosystem I light-harvesting complexes (Lhca) gene products of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, February 2010

  • Mozzo, Milena; Mantelli, Manuela; Passarini, Francesca
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1797, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.10.005

Arabidopsis Mutants Define a Central Role for the Xanthophyll Cycle in the Regulation of Photosynthetic Energy Conversion
journal, July 1998

  • Niyogi, Krishna K.; Grossman, Arthur R.; Björkman, Olle
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 10, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.10.7.1121

Stoichiometry of LHCI antenna polypeptides and characterization of gap and linker pigments in higher plants Photosystem I
journal, December 2004


Dynamics of Chromophore Binding to Lhc Proteins in Vivo and in Vitro during Operation of the Xanthophyll Cycle
journal, July 2002

  • Morosinotto, Tomas; Baronio, Roberta; Bassi, Roberto
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 277, Issue 40
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M205339200

Functional architecture of the major light-harvesting complex from higher plants
journal, December 2001

  • Formaggio, Elena; Cinque, Gianfelice; Bassi, Roberto
  • Journal of Molecular Biology, Vol. 314, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.5179

State transitions and light adaptation require chloroplast thylakoid protein kinase STN7
journal, February 2005

  • Bellafiore, Stéphane; Barneche, Frédy; Peltier, Gilles
  • Nature, Vol. 433, Issue 7028
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature03286

Energy Transfer among CP29 Chlorophylls: Calculated Förster Rates and Experimental Transient Absorption at Room Temperature
journal, October 2000


State transitions and light adaptation require chloroplast thylakoid protein kinase STN7
journal, February 2005

  • Bellafiore, Stéphane; Barneche, Frédy; Peltier, Gilles
  • Nature, Vol. 433, Issue 7028
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature03286

Recombinant Lhca2 and Lhca3 Subunits of the Photosystem I Antenna System
journal, April 2003

  • Castelletti, Simona; Morosinotto, Tomas; Robert, Bruno
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi027398r

Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in the range from 1 to 100 kDa
journal, November 1987


Time-Resolved Fluorescence Analysis of the Photosystem II Antenna Proteins in Detergent Micelles and Liposomes
journal, October 2001

  • Moya, Ismael; Silvestri, Mariuccia; Vallon, Olivier
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 40, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi010342x

Interactions between the Photosystem II Subunit PsbS and Xanthophylls Studied in Vivo and in Vitro
journal, December 2007

  • Bonente, Giulia; Howes, Barry D.; Caffarri, Stefano
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 283, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m708291200

The Low-Energy Forms of Photosystem I Light-Harvesting Complexes: Spectroscopic Properties and Pigment-Pigment Interaction Characteristics
journal, October 2007


Cation radicals of xanthophylls
journal, July 2007

  • Galinato, Mary Grace I.; Niedzwiedzki, Dariusz; Deal, Cailin
  • Photosynthesis Research, Vol. 94, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11120-007-9218-5

A Look within LHCII:  Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1−3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis
journal, July 2004

  • Caffarri, Stefano; Croce, Roberta; Cattivelli, Luigi
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 43, Issue 29
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi036265i

A specific binding site for neoxanthin in the monomeric antenna proteins CP26 and CP29 of Photosystem II
journal, September 2007


In vitro reconstitution of the photosystem I light-harvesting complex LHCI-730: Heterodimerization is required for antenna pigment organization
journal, July 1997

  • Schmid, V. H. R.; Cammarata, K. V.; Bruns, B. U.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 94, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.14.7667

Atomic model of plant light-harvesting complex by electron crystallography
journal, February 1994

  • Kühlbrandt, Werner; Wang, Da Neng; Fujiyoshi, Yoshinori
  • Nature, Vol. 367, Issue 6464
  • DOI: 10.1038/367614a0

The state of detergent solubilised light-harvesting chlorophyll-a/b protein complex as monitored by picosecond time-resolved fluorescence and circular dichroism
journal, September 1987

  • Ide, Jonathan P.; Klug, David R.; Kühlbrandt, Werner
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 893, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90056-9

Thylakoid membrane polypeptides of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: wild-type and mutant strains deficient in photosystem II reaction center.
journal, June 1975

  • Chua, N. H.; Bennoun, P.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 72, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.72.6.2175

Chlamydomonas Xanthophyll Cycle Mutants Identified by Video Imaging of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching.
journal, August 1997


Nonphotochemical Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, February 2006

  • Finazzi, Giovanni; Johnson, Giles N.; Dall'Osto, Luca
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 45, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi0521588

Understanding the Changes in the Circular Dichroism of Light Harvesting Complex II upon Varying Its Pigment Composition and Organization
journal, April 2007

  • Georgakopoulou, Sofia; van der Zwan, Gert; Bassi, Roberto
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 46, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi062031y

Architecture of a Charge-Transfer State Regulating Light Harvesting in a Plant Antenna Protein
journal, May 2008


Chlorophyll Binding to Monomeric Light-harvesting Complex: A MUTATION ANALYSIS OF CHROMOPHORE-BINDING RESIDUES
journal, November 1999

  • Remelli, Rosaria; Varotto, Claudio; Sandonà, Dorianna
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 274, Issue 47
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.47.33510

A molecular mechanism for q E -quenching
journal, October 1994


Toward an Understanding of the Mechanism of Nonphotochemical Quenching in Green Plants
journal, July 2004

  • Holt, Nancy E.; Fleming, Graham R.; Niyogi, Krishna K.
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 43, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi0494020

Lutein Accumulation in the Absence of Zeaxanthin Restores Nonphotochemical Quenching in the Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 Mutant
journal, June 2009


The Major Antenna Complex of Photosystem II Has a Xanthophyll Binding Site Not Involved in Light Harvesting
journal, July 2001

  • Caffarri, Stefano; Croce, Roberta; Breton, Jacques
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 276, Issue 38
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M105199200

Singlet Energy Dissipation in the Photosystem II Light-Harvesting Complex Does Not Involve Energy Transfer to Carotenoids
journal, April 2010


Recombinant Lhca2 and Lhca3 Subunits of the Photosystem I Antenna System
journal, April 2003

  • Castelletti, Simona; Morosinotto, Tomas; Robert, Bruno
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi027398r

Time-resolved fluorescence analysis of the recombinant photosystem II antenna complex CP29: Effects of zeaxanthin, pH and phosphorylation
journal, January 2001


The Low-Energy Forms of Photosystem I Light-Harvesting Complexes: Spectroscopic Properties and Pigment-Pigment Interaction Characteristics
journal, October 2007


Tracing the Evolution of the Light-Harvesting Antennae in Chlorophyll a / b -Containing Organisms
journal, February 2007

  • Koziol, Adam G.; Borza, Tudor; Ishida, Ken-Ichiro
  • Plant Physiology, Vol. 143, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.092536

Photoprotection in the Antenna Complexes of Photosystem II: ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL XANTHOPHYLLS IN CHLOROPHYLL TRIPLET QUENCHING
journal, December 2007

  • Mozzo, Milena; Dall'Osto, Luca; Hienerwadel, Rainer
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 283, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M708961200

The Flow of Excitation Energy in LHCII Monomers: Implications for the Structural Model of the Major Plant Antenna
journal, December 1998


Physcomitrella patens mutants affected on heat dissipation clarify the evolution of photoprotection mechanisms upon land colonization
journal, May 2010

  • Alboresi, A.; Gerotto, C.; Giacometti, G. M.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1002873107

Mutational analysis of a higher plant antenna protein provides identification of chromophores bound into multiple sites
journal, August 1999

  • Bassi, R.; Croce, R.; Cugini, D.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 96, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.18.10056

De-epoxidation of Violaxanthin in Light-harvesting Complex I Proteins
journal, April 2004

  • Wehner, Antje; Storf, Stefanie; Jahns, Peter
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 279, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m402399200

Time-resolved fluorescence analysis of the recombinant photosystem II antenna complex CP29: Effects of zeaxanthin, pH and phosphorylation
journal, January 2001


Understanding the Changes in the Circular Dichroism of Light Harvesting Complex II upon Varying Its Pigment Composition and Organization
journal, April 2007

  • Georgakopoulou, Sofia; van der Zwan, Gert; Bassi, Roberto
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 46, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi062031y

Lack of the Light-Harvesting Complex CP24 Affects the Structure and Function of the Grana Membranes of Higher Plant Chloroplasts
journal, November 2006

  • Kovács, László; Damkjær, Jakob; Kereïche, Sami
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 18, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.106.045641

An ancient light-harvesting protein is critical for the regulation of algal photosynthesis
journal, November 2009

  • Peers, Graham; Truong, Thuy B.; Ostendorf, Elisabeth
  • Nature, Vol. 462, Issue 7272
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature08587

Crystal structure of plant photosystem I
journal, December 2003

  • Ben-Shem, Adam; Frolow, Felix; Nelson, Nathan
  • Nature, Vol. 426, Issue 6967
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature02200

In vitro reconstitution of the photosystem I light-harvesting complex LHCI-730: Heterodimerization is required for antenna pigment organization
journal, July 1997

  • Schmid, V. H. R.; Cammarata, K. V.; Bruns, B. U.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 94, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.14.7667

Isolation and Characterization of Photoautotrophic Mutants ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii Deficient in State Transition
journal, October 1999

  • Fleischmann, Mark M.; Ravanel, Stéphane; Delosme, René
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 274, Issue 43
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.43.30987

Reconstitution and Pigment-Binding Properties of Recombinant CP29
journal, May 1996


Carotenoid Cation Formation and the Regulation of Photosynthetic Light Harvesting
journal, January 2005


A Mechanism of Nonphotochemical Energy Dissipation, Independent from PsbS, Revealed by a Conformational Change in the Antenna Protein CP26
journal, March 2005

  • Dall'Osto, Luca; Caffarri, Stefano; Bassi, Roberto
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 17, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.104.030601

Altered xanthophyll compositions adversely affect chlorophyll accumulation and nonphotochemical quenching in Arabidopsis mutants
journal, October 1998

  • Pogson, B. J.; Niyogi, K. K.; Bjorkman, O.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 95, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13324

Crystal structure of spinach major light-harvesting complex at 2.72 Å resolution
journal, March 2004

  • Liu, Zhenfeng; Yan, Hanchi; Wang, Kebin
  • Nature, Vol. 428, Issue 6980
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature02373

Functional analysis of Photosystem I light-harvesting complexes (Lhca) gene products of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, February 2010

  • Mozzo, Milena; Mantelli, Manuela; Passarini, Francesca
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1797, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.10.005

Structure - function analysis of photosystem II subunit S (PsbS) in vivo
journal, January 2002

  • Li, Xiao-Ping; Phippard, Alba; Pasari, Jae
  • Functional Plant Biology, Vol. 29, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1071/FP02065

Toward an Understanding of the Mechanism of Nonphotochemical Quenching in Green Plants
journal, July 2004

  • Holt, Nancy E.; Fleming, Graham R.; Niyogi, Krishna K.
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 43, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi0494020

Arabidopsis Mutants Define a Central Role for the Xanthophyll Cycle in the Regulation of Photosynthetic Energy Conversion
journal, July 1998

  • Niyogi, Krishna K.; Grossman, Arthur R.; Björkman, Olle
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 10, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.10.7.1121

The light stress-induced protein ELIP2 is a regulator of chlorophyll synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana: ELIP and chlorophyll synthesis
journal, June 2007


Ultrafast Evolution of the Excited States in the Chlorophyll a/b Complex CP29 from Green Plants Studied by Energy-Selective Pump−Probe Spectroscopy
journal, January 1998

  • Gradinaru, Claudiu C.; Pascal, Andy A.; van Mourik, Frank
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 37, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi9722655

Evolutionary distribution of light-harvesting complex-like proteins in photosynthetic eukaryotes
journal, January 2010

  • Neilson, Jonathan A. D.; Durnford, Dion G.
  • Genome, Vol. 53, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1139/G09-081

Abundantly and Rarely Expressed Lhc Protein Genes Exhibit Distinct Regulation Patterns in Plants
journal, March 2006

  • Klimmek, Frank; Sjödin, Andreas; Noutsos, Christos
  • Plant Physiology, Vol. 140, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1104/pp.105.073304

Determination of the Stoichiometry and Strength of Binding of Xanthophylls to the Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes
journal, April 1999

  • Ruban, Alexander V.; Lee, Pamela J.; Wentworth, Mark
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 274, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.15.10458

Identification of a mechanism of photoprotective energy dissipation in higher plants
journal, November 2007

  • Ruban, Alexander V.; Berera, Rudi; Ilioaia, Cristian
  • Nature, Vol. 450, Issue 7169
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature06262

Mutation Analysis of Lhca1 Antenna Complex
journal, September 2002

  • Morosinotto, Tomas; Castelletti, Simona; Breton, Jacques
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 277, Issue 39
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M205062200

The Occurrence of the psbS Gene Product in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and in Other Photosynthetic Organisms and Its Correlation with Energy Quenching
journal, November 2008


A Look within LHCII:  Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1−3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis
journal, July 2004

  • Caffarri, Stefano; Croce, Roberta; Cattivelli, Luigi
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 43, Issue 29
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi036265i

Chromophore Organization in the Higher-Plant Photosystem II Antenna Protein CP26
journal, June 2002

  • Croce, Roberta; Canino, Giusy; Ros, Francesca
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 41, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi0257437

Chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO) is involved in chlorophyll b formation from chlorophyll a
journal, October 1998

  • Tanaka, A.; Ito, H.; Tanaka, R.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 95, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.21.12719

Lutein Accumulation in the Absence of Zeaxanthin Restores Nonphotochemical Quenching in the Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 Mutant
journal, June 2009


A molecular mechanism for q E -quenching
journal, October 1994


The Arabidopsis aba4-1 Mutant Reveals a Specific Function for Neoxanthin in Protection against Photooxidative Stress
journal, March 2007

  • Dall'Osto, Luca; Cazzaniga, Stefano; North, Helen
  • The Plant Cell, Vol. 19, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1105/tpc.106.049114

The roles of specific xanthophylls in photoprotection
journal, December 1997

  • Niyogi, K. K.; Bjorkman, O.; Grossman, A. R.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 94, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.25.14162

Works referencing / citing this record:

Photoprotection and growth under different lights of Arabidopsis single and double mutants for energy dissipation (npq4) and state transitions (pph1)
journal, March 2019

  • Khuong, Thi Thu Huong; Robaglia, Christophe; Caffarri, Stefano
  • Plant Cell Reports, Vol. 38, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02403-3

Responses of the picoprasinophyte Micromonas commoda to light and ultraviolet stress
journal, March 2017


Regulation of Photosynthetic Electron Transport and Photoinhibition
journal, April 2014


Factors determining the fluorescence yield of fucoxanthin-chlorophyll complexes (FCP) involved in non-photochemical quenching in diatoms
journal, July 2012

  • Gundermann, Kathi; Büchel, Claudia
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1817, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.03.008

The function of LHCBM4/6/8 antenna proteins in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, December 2016

  • Girolomoni, Laura; Ferrante, Paola; Berteotti, Silvia
  • Journal of Experimental Botany
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw462

Models and mechanisms of the rapidly reversible regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting
journal, April 2019

  • Bennett, Doran I. G.; Amarnath, Kapil; Park, Soomin
  • Open Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190043

Microsecond and millisecond dynamics in the photosynthetic protein LHCSR1 observed by single-molecule correlation spectroscopy
journal, May 2019

  • Kondo, Toru; Gordon, Jesse B.; Pinnola, Alberta
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821207116

Regulation of photoprotection gene expression in Chlamydomonas by a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and a homolog of CONSTANS
journal, August 2019

  • Gabilly, Stéphane T.; Baker, Christopher R.; Wakao, Setsuko
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 35
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821689116

Multiomics resolution of molecular events during a day in the life of Chlamydomonas
journal, January 2019

  • Strenkert, Daniela; Schmollinger, Stefan; Gallaher, Sean D.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815238116

Models and mechanisms of the rapidly reversible regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting
journal, April 2019

  • Bennett, Doran I. G.; Amarnath, Kapil; Park, Soomin
  • Open Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190043

Light-harvesting complex Lhcb9 confers a green alga-type photosystem I supercomplex to the moss Physcomitrella patens
journal, January 2015


Molecular Mechanisms of Nonphotochemical Quenching in the LHCSR3 Protein of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, May 2019

  • de la Cruz Valbuena, Gabriel; V. A. Camargo, Franco; Borrego-Varillas, Rocio
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01184

A siphonous morphology affects light-harvesting modulation in the intertidal green macroalga Bryopsis corticulans (Ulvophyceae)
journal, February 2018


Interaction between avoidance of photon absorption, excess energy dissipation and zeaxanthin synthesis against photooxidative stress in Arabidopsis
journal, October 2013

  • Cazzaniga, Stefano; Dall' Osto, Luca; Kong, Sam-Geun
  • The Plant Journal, Vol. 76, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12314

Ascorbate deficiency does not limit non-photochemical quenching in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
posted_content, October 2019

  • Vidal-Meireles, André; Tóth, Dávid; Kovács, László
  • bioRxiv
  • DOI: 10.1101/813766

Generation of random mutants to improve light-use efficiency of Nannochloropsis gaditana cultures for biofuel production
journal, September 2015

  • Perin, Giorgio; Bellan, Alessandra; Segalla, Anna
  • Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 8, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0337-5

Mechanism of photoprotection in the cyanobacterial ancestor of plant antenna proteins
journal, February 2015

  • Staleva, Hristina; Komenda, Josef; Shukla, Mahendra K.
  • Nature Chemical Biology, Vol. 11, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1755

Three different mechanisms of energy dissipation of a desiccation-tolerant moss serve one common purpose: to protect reaction centres against photo-oxidation
journal, March 2012

  • Yamakawa, H.; Fukushima, Y.; Itoh, S.
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 63, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers062

A vitamin-C-derived DNA modification catalysed by an algal TET homologue
journal, May 2019


Photoprotective, excited-state quenching mechanisms in diverse photosynthetic organisms
journal, January 2018

  • Magdaong, Nikki Cecil M.; Blankenship, Robert E.
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 293, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm117.000233

Formation of a PSI–PSII megacomplex containing LHCSR and PsbS in the moss Physcomitrella patens
journal, September 2019


Coexistence of plant and algal energy dissipation mechanisms in the moss Physcomitrella patens
journal, September 2012


Light‐dependent N‐terminal phosphorylation of LHCSR3 and LHCB4 are interlinked in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, May 2019

  • Scholz, Martin; Gäbelein, Philipp; Xue, Huidan
  • The Plant Journal, Vol. 99, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14368

Functional analysis of LHCSR1, a protein catalyzing NPQ in mosses, by heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
journal, July 2019

  • Dikaios, Ioannis; Schiphorst, Christo; Dall’Osto, Luca
  • Photosynthesis Research, Vol. 142, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00656-3

Light‐dependent N‐terminal phosphorylation of LHCSR3 and LHCB4 are interlinked in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, May 2019

  • Scholz, Martin; Gäbelein, Philipp; Xue, Huidan
  • The Plant Journal, Vol. 99, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14368

Opposite Chilarity of α-Carotene in Unusual Cyanobacteria with Unique Chlorophylls, Acaryochloris and Prochlorococcus
journal, September 2012

  • Takaichi, Shinichi; Mochimaru, Mari; Uchida, Hiroko
  • Plant and Cell Physiology, Vol. 53, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs126

Enhancement of Non-Photochemical Quenching in the Bryophyte Physcomitrella patens During Acclimation to Salt and Osmotic Stress
journal, September 2012

  • Azzabi, Ghazi; Pinnola, Alberta; Betterle, Nico
  • Plant and Cell Physiology, Vol. 53, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs124

UV-B photoreceptor-mediated protection of the photosynthetic machinery in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, December 2016

  • Allorent, Guillaume; Lefebvre-Legendre, Linnka; Chappuis, Richard
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 51
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607695114

pH dependence, kinetics and light-harvesting regulation of nonphotochemical quenching in Chlamydomonas
journal, April 2019

  • Tian, Lijin; Nawrocki, Wojciech J.; Liu, Xin
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817796116

The role of the xanthophyll cycle and of lutein in photoprotection of photosystem II
journal, January 2012

  • Jahns, Peter; Holzwarth, Alfred R.
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1817, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.04.012

LHCSR1-dependent fluorescence quenching is mediated by excitation energy transfer from LHCII to photosystem I in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, March 2018

  • Kosuge, Kotaro; Tokutsu, Ryutaro; Kim, Eunchul
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720574115

High light-induced hydrogen peroxide production in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is increased by high CO 2 availability
journal, February 2015

  • Roach, Thomas; Na, Chae Sun; Krieger-Liszkay, Anja
  • The Plant Journal, Vol. 81, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12768

A systems-wide understanding of photosynthetic acclimation in algae and higher plants
journal, May 2017

  • Moejes, Fiona Wanjiku; Matuszyńska, Anna; Adhikari, Kailash
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 68, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx137

NPQ activation reduces chlorophyll triplet state formation in the moss Physcomitrella patens
journal, September 2012

  • Carbonera, Donatella; Gerotto, Caterina; Posocco, Bianca
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1817, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.05.007

Analysis of ΔpH and the xanthophyll cycle in NPQ of the Antarctic sea ice alga Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L
journal, March 2013


The rise and fall of Light-Harvesting Complex Stress-Related proteins as photoprotection agents during evolution
journal, August 2019

  • Pinnola, Alberta
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 70, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz317

Contribution of PsbS Function and Stomatal Conductance to Foliar Temperature in Higher Plants
journal, June 2016

  • Kulasek, Milena; Bernacki, Maciej Jerzy; Ciszak, Kamil
  • Plant and Cell Physiology
  • DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw083

Conditional senescence in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae)
journal, March 2013

  • Humby, Penny L.; Snyder, Ellen C. R.; Durnford, Dion G.
  • Journal of Phycology, Vol. 49, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12049

LHCSR Expression under HSP70/RBCS2 Promoter as a Strategy to Increase Productivity in Microalgae
journal, January 2018

  • Perozeni, Federico; Stella, Giulio; Ballottari, Matteo
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol. 19, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010155

A New Light on Photosystem II Maintenance in Oxygenic Photosynthesis
journal, July 2019


Photoprotection in a monophyletic branch of chlorophyte algae is independent of energy-dependent quenching (qE)
journal, February 2017

  • Christa, Gregor; Cruz, Sónia; Jahns, Peter
  • New Phytologist, Vol. 214, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1111/nph.14435

Red-shifted light-harvesting system of freshwater eukaryotic alga Trachydiscus minutus (Eustigmatophyta, Stramenopila)
journal, August 2019


Enhanced biofuel production using optimality, pathway modification and waste minimization
journal, June 2014


In vitro and in vivo investigation of chlorophyll binding sites involved in non‐photochemical quenching in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, May 2019

  • Perozeni, Federico; Cazzaniga, Stefano; Ballottari, Matteo
  • Plant, Cell & Environment, Vol. 42, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1111/pce.13566

Light stress and photoprotection in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, March 2015

  • Erickson, Erika; Wakao, Setsuko; Niyogi, Krishna K.
  • The Plant Journal, Vol. 82, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12825

A New Light on Photosystem II Maintenance in Oxygenic Photosynthesis
journal, July 2019


Generation of random mutants to improve light-use efficiency of Nannochloropsis gaditana cultures for biofuel production
journal, September 2015

  • Perin, Giorgio; Bellan, Alessandra; Segalla, Anna
  • Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 8, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0337-5

Regulation of photoprotection gene expression in Chlamydomonas by a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and a homolog of CONSTANS
journal, August 2019

  • Gabilly, Stéphane T.; Baker, Christopher R.; Wakao, Setsuko
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 35
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821689116

Grand Challenges in Marine Biotechnology: Overview of Recent EU-Funded Projects
book, May 2018


Multiomics resolution of molecular events during a day in the life of Chlamydomonas
journal, January 2019

  • Strenkert, Daniela; Schmollinger, Stefan; Gallaher, Sean D.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815238116

LHCSR3 is a nonphotochemical quencher of both photosystems in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
journal, February 2019

  • Girolomoni, Laura; Cazzaniga, Stefano; Pinnola, Alberta
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1809812116

Chlorophyll–carotenoid excitation energy transfer and charge transfer in Nannochloropsis oceanica for the regulation of photosynthesis
journal, February 2019

  • Park, Soomin; Steen, Collin J.; Lyska, Dagmar
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1819011116

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Increased biomass productivity in green algae by tuning non-photochemical quenching
journal, February 2016

  • Berteotti, Silvia; Ballottari, Matteo; Bassi, Roberto
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep21339

Time-Course Global Expression Profiles of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Photo-Biological H2 Production
journal, December 2011


Fluorescence lifetime analyses reveal how the high light–responsive protein LHCSR3 transforms PSII light-harvesting complexes into an energy-dissipative state
journal, September 2017

  • Kim, Eunchul; Akimoto, Seiji; Tokutsu, Ryutaro
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 292, Issue 46
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.805192

Algal photoprotection is regulated by the E3 ligase CUL4–DDB1DET1
journal, December 2018


High salt stress in the upper part of floating mats of Ulva prolifera , a species that causes green tides, enhances non‐photochemical quenching
journal, August 2019

  • Zheng, Zhenbing; Gao, Shan; Wang, Guangce
  • Journal of Phycology, Vol. 55, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12881

Functional analysis of LHCSR1, a protein catalyzing NPQ in mosses, by heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
journal, July 2019

  • Dikaios, Ioannis; Schiphorst, Christo; Dall’Osto, Luca
  • Photosynthesis Research, Vol. 142, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00656-3

Diverse mechanisms for photoprotection in photosynthesis. Dynamic regulation of photosystem II excitation in response to rapid environmental change
journal, April 2015

  • Derks, Allen; Schaven, Kristin; Bruce, Doug
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1847, Issue 4-5
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.02.008