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Title: Jack-of-all-trades effects drive biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in European forests

Abstract

There is considerable evidence that biodiversity promotes multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality), thus ensuring the delivery of ecosystem services important for human well-being. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood, especially in natural ecosystems. We develop a novel approach to partition biodiversity effects on multifunctionality into three mechanisms and apply this to European forest data. We show that throughout Europe, tree diversity is positively related with multifunctionality when moderate levels of functioning are required, but negatively when very high function levels are desired. For two well-known mechanisms, ‘complementarity’ and ‘selection’, we detect only minor effects on multifunctionality. Instead a third, so far overlooked mechanism, the ‘jack-of-all-trades’ effect, caused by the averaging of individual species effects on function, drives observed patterns. Simulations demonstrate that jack-of-all-trades effects occur whenever species effects on different functions are not perfectly correlated, meaning they may contribute to diversity–multifunctionality relationships in many of the world’s ecosystems.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [5];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [4];  [11];  [12];  [13]; ORCiD logo [14];  [15];  [16];  [17] more »;  [10];  [10];  [18];  [16];  [19];  [20];  [21];  [22];  [22];  [23];  [24];  [25];  [26];  [27];  [10];  [28];  [27];  [18];  [29];  [29];  [4];  [21]; ORCiD logo [30];  [16];  [20];  [16];  [30];  [31];  [20];  [28];  [3] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Bern (Switzerland). Inst. of Plant Sciences; Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung, Frankfurt (Germany). Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre
  2. Univ. of Bern (Switzerland). Inst. of Plant Sciences; Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung, Frankfurt (Germany). Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre
  3. Univ. of Bern (Switzerland). Inst. of Plant Sciences
  4. Univ. of Freiburg (Germany). Faculty of Biology. Geobotony
  5. Ghent Univ. (Belgium). Dept. of Forest and Water Management. Forest and Nature Lab.
  6. Univ. of Leipzig (Germany). Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (Germany)
  7. Univ. of Alcala, Madrid (Spain). Dept. of Life Sciences. Forest Ecology and Restoration Group
  8. Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Plant Sciences
  9. Ghent Univ. (Belgium). Dept. of Forest and Water Management. Forest and Nature Lab.; Ghent Univ. (Belgium). Dept. of Biology. Terrestrial Ecology Unit
  10. INRA, UMR, Cestas (France); Univ. of Bordeaux, Pessac (France)
  11. Univ. of Freiburg (Germany). Chair of Silviculture. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources
  12. Martin Luther Univ. Halle Wittenberg, Halle (Germany). Inst. of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden
  13. INRA, UMR EFF, Champenoux (France)
  14. Stefan cel Mare Univ. of Suceava (Romania). Faculty of Forestry
  15. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (Germany); Martin Luther Univ. Halle Wittenberg, Halle (Germany). Inst. of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden
  16. Univ. of Firenze (Italy). Lab. of Applied and Environmental Botany. Dept. of Agri-Food production and Environmental Science (DISPAA)
  17. Univ. of Liege, (Belgium). Lab. of Plant and Microbial Ecology
  18. Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom). Dept. of Plant Sciences. Forest Ecology and Conservation
  19. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Madrid (Spain). MNCN, CSIC. Dept. of Biogeography and Global Change
  20. Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). Dept. of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management
  21. Univ. of Leuven (Belgium). Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape
  22. Natural Resources Inst. Finland, Joensuu (Finland)
  23. Swiss Federal Research Inst. WSL, Birmensdorf (Switzerland)
  24. INRA, UMR EEF, Champenoux (France)
  25. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Division
  26. INRA, UMR, Cestas (France); Univ. of Bordeaux, Pessac (France); INRA, UMR 1201, DYNAFOR, Castanet-Tolosan (France)
  27. Univ. of Montpellier (France). Centre of Evolutionary and Functional Ecology
  28. Univ. of Warsaw (Poland). Faculty of Biology. Bialowieza Geobotanical Station
  29. Royal Holloway, Univ. of London (RHUL), Egham (United Kingdom). School of Biological Sciences
  30. Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (Sweden). Dept. of Forest and Plant Pathology
  31. National Museum of Natural Sciences, MNCN, CSIC, Madrid (Spain). Dept. of Biogeography and Global Change; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles (Spain). Departamento de Biologıa y Geologıa. ESCET
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1623829
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Science & Technology - Other Topics

Citation Formats

van der Plas, Fons, Manning, Peter, Allan, Eric, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Verheyen, Kris, Wirth, Christian, Zavala, Miguel A., Hector, Andy, Ampoorter, Evy, Baeten, Lander, Barbaro, Luc, Bauhus, Jürgen, Benavides, Raquel, Benneter, Adam, Berthold, Felix, Bonal, Damien, Bouriaud, Olivier, Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Carnol, Monique, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Charbonnier, Yohan, Coomes, David, Coppi, Andrea, Bastias, Cristina C., Muhie Dawud, Seid, De Wandeler, Hans, Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Gessler, Arthur, Granier, André, Grossiord, Charlotte, Guyot, Virginie, Hättenschwiler, Stephan, Jactel, Hervé, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Joly, François-Xavier, Jucker, Tommaso, Koricheva, Julia, Milligan, Harriet, Müller, Sandra, Muys, Bart, Nguyen, Diem, Pollastrini, Martina, Raulund-Rasmussen, Karsten, Selvi, Federico, Stenlid, Jan, Valladares, Fernando, Vesterdal, Lars, Zielínski, Dawid, and Fischer, Markus. Jack-of-all-trades effects drive biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in European forests. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms11109.
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van der Plas, Fons, Manning, Peter, Allan, Eric, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Verheyen, Kris, Wirth, Christian, Zavala, Miguel A., Hector, Andy, Ampoorter, Evy, Baeten, Lander, Barbaro, Luc, Bauhus, Jürgen, Benavides, Raquel, Benneter, Adam, Berthold, Felix, Bonal, Damien, Bouriaud, Olivier, Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Carnol, Monique, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Charbonnier, Yohan, Coomes, David, Coppi, Andrea, Bastias, Cristina C., Muhie Dawud, Seid, De Wandeler, Hans, Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Gessler, Arthur, Granier, André, Grossiord, Charlotte, Guyot, Virginie, Hättenschwiler, Stephan, Jactel, Hervé, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Joly, François-Xavier, Jucker, Tommaso, Koricheva, Julia, Milligan, Harriet, Müller, Sandra, Muys, Bart, Nguyen, Diem, Pollastrini, Martina, Raulund-Rasmussen, Karsten, Selvi, Federico, Stenlid, Jan, Valladares, Fernando, Vesterdal, Lars, Zielínski, Dawid, & Fischer, Markus. Jack-of-all-trades effects drive biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in European forests. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11109
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van der Plas, Fons, Manning, Peter, Allan, Eric, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Verheyen, Kris, Wirth, Christian, Zavala, Miguel A., Hector, Andy, Ampoorter, Evy, Baeten, Lander, Barbaro, Luc, Bauhus, Jürgen, Benavides, Raquel, Benneter, Adam, Berthold, Felix, Bonal, Damien, Bouriaud, Olivier, Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Carnol, Monique, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Charbonnier, Yohan, Coomes, David, Coppi, Andrea, Bastias, Cristina C., Muhie Dawud, Seid, De Wandeler, Hans, Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Gessler, Arthur, Granier, André, Grossiord, Charlotte, Guyot, Virginie, Hättenschwiler, Stephan, Jactel, Hervé, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Joly, François-Xavier, Jucker, Tommaso, Koricheva, Julia, Milligan, Harriet, Müller, Sandra, Muys, Bart, Nguyen, Diem, Pollastrini, Martina, Raulund-Rasmussen, Karsten, Selvi, Federico, Stenlid, Jan, Valladares, Fernando, Vesterdal, Lars, Zielínski, Dawid, and Fischer, Markus. Thu . "Jack-of-all-trades effects drive biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in European forests". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11109. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1623829.
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@article{osti_1623829,
title = {Jack-of-all-trades effects drive biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in European forests},
author = {van der Plas, Fons and Manning, Peter and Allan, Eric and Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael and Verheyen, Kris and Wirth, Christian and Zavala, Miguel A. and Hector, Andy and Ampoorter, Evy and Baeten, Lander and Barbaro, Luc and Bauhus, Jürgen and Benavides, Raquel and Benneter, Adam and Berthold, Felix and Bonal, Damien and Bouriaud, Olivier and Bruelheide, Helge and Bussotti, Filippo and Carnol, Monique and Castagneyrol, Bastien and Charbonnier, Yohan and Coomes, David and Coppi, Andrea and Bastias, Cristina C. and Muhie Dawud, Seid and De Wandeler, Hans and Domisch, Timo and Finér, Leena and Gessler, Arthur and Granier, André and Grossiord, Charlotte and Guyot, Virginie and Hättenschwiler, Stephan and Jactel, Hervé and Jaroszewicz, Bogdan and Joly, François-Xavier and Jucker, Tommaso and Koricheva, Julia and Milligan, Harriet and Müller, Sandra and Muys, Bart and Nguyen, Diem and Pollastrini, Martina and Raulund-Rasmussen, Karsten and Selvi, Federico and Stenlid, Jan and Valladares, Fernando and Vesterdal, Lars and Zielínski, Dawid and Fischer, Markus},
abstractNote = {There is considerable evidence that biodiversity promotes multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality), thus ensuring the delivery of ecosystem services important for human well-being. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood, especially in natural ecosystems. We develop a novel approach to partition biodiversity effects on multifunctionality into three mechanisms and apply this to European forest data. We show that throughout Europe, tree diversity is positively related with multifunctionality when moderate levels of functioning are required, but negatively when very high function levels are desired. For two well-known mechanisms, ‘complementarity’ and ‘selection’, we detect only minor effects on multifunctionality. Instead a third, so far overlooked mechanism, the ‘jack-of-all-trades’ effect, caused by the averaging of individual species effects on function, drives observed patterns. Simulations demonstrate that jack-of-all-trades effects occur whenever species effects on different functions are not perfectly correlated, meaning they may contribute to diversity–multifunctionality relationships in many of the world’s ecosystems.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms11109},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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    Assessing Costs and Benefits of Measures to Achieve Good Environmental Status in European Regional Seas: Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons Learnt
    journal, October 2016

    • Börger, Tobias; Broszeit, Stefanie; Ahtiainen, Heini
    • Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol. 3
    • DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00192

    Identifying the tree species compositions that maximize ecosystem functioning in European forests
    text, January 2019

    • Baeten, Lander; Bruelheide, Helge; Van Der Plas, Fons
    • Blackwell Scientific Publications
    • DOI: 10.7892/boris.121782

    Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services
    text, January 2018

    • Felipe-Lucia, María R.; Soliveres, Santiago; Penone, Caterina
    • Nature Publishing Group
    • DOI: 10.5167/uzh-160302

    Species Mixing Regulation with Respect to Forest Ecosystem Service Provision
    journal, October 2018

    • Schwaiger, Fabian; Poschenrieder, Werner; Biber, Peter
    • Forests, Vol. 9, Issue 10
    • DOI: 10.3390/f9100632

    Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services
    journal, November 2018

    • Felipe-Lucia, María R.; Soliveres, Santiago; Penone, Caterina
    • Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07082-4

    Biodiversity across trophic levels drives multifunctionality in highly diverse forests
    journal, July 2018

    High ecosystem service delivery potential of small woodlands in agricultural landscapes
    journal, October 2019

    • Valdés, Alicia; Lenoir, Jonathan; De Frenne, Pieter
    • Journal of Applied Ecology, Vol. 57, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13537

    The results of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic
    journal, August 2020

    Redefining ecosystem multifunctionality
    journal, February 2018

    • Manning, Peter; van der Plas, Fons; Soliveres, Santiago
    • Nature Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 2, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0461-7

    Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in naturally assembled communities
    journal, February 2019

    Tree diversity is key for promoting the diversity and abundance of forest‐associated taxa in Europe
    journal, December 2019

    • Ampoorter, Evy; Barbaro, Luc; Jactel, Hervé
    • Oikos, Vol. 129, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.1111/oik.06290

    Identifying the tree species compositions that maximize ecosystem functioning in European forests
    journal, December 2018

    • Baeten, Lander; Bruelheide, Helge; Plas, Fons
    • Journal of Applied Ecology, Vol. 56, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13308

    Belowground Biodiversity Relates Positively to Ecosystem Services of European Forests
    journal, March 2019

    • Bakker, Mark R.; Brunner, Ivano; Ashwood, Francis
    • Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Vol. 2
    • DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2019.00006

    Impacts of Elevated CO2 Levels on the Soil Bacterial Community in a Natural CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery Area
    journal, May 2019

    • Ma, Jing; Luo, Zhanbin; Chen, Fu
    • Diversity, Vol. 11, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.3390/d11050077

    Functional diversity drives ecosystem multifunctionality in a Pinus yunnanensis natural secondary forest
    journal, May 2019

    Forest fragmentation modulates effects of tree species richness and composition on ecosystem multifunctionality
    journal, February 2019

    • Hertzog, Lionel R.; Boonyarittichaikij, Roschong; Dekeukeleire, Daan
    • Ecology, Vol. 100, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2653

    Importance of peripheral basins: Implications for the conservation of fish assemblages
    journal, August 2018

    • Bylak, Aneta; Kukuła, Krzysztof
    • Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Vol. 28, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1002/aqc.2939

    Benefits of increasing plant diversity in sustainable agroecosystems
    journal, June 2017

    • Isbell, Forest; Adler, Paul R.; Eisenhauer, Nico
    • Journal of Ecology, Vol. 105, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12789

    Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning relations in European forests depend on environmental context
    text, January 2017

    • Carnol, Monique; Vesterdal, Lars; Milligan, Harriet
    • Wiley-Blackwell Publishing
    • DOI: 10.7892/boris.106740

    Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe
    journal, October 2020

    • Biber, Peter; Felton, Adam; Nieuwenhuis, Maarten
    • Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 8
    • DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.547696

    Mycorrhiza in tree diversity-ecosystem function relationships: conceptual framework and experimental implementation
    journal, May 2018

    • Ferlian, Olga; Cesarz, Simone; Craven, Dylan
    • Ecosphere, Vol. 9, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2226

    Redefining ecosystem multifunctionality
    text, January 2018

    • Manning, Peter; Van Der Plas, Fons; Soliveres, Santiago
    • Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
    • DOI: 10.7892/boris.111820

    Species richness influences the spatial distribution of trees in European forests
    journal, December 2019

    • Bastias, Cristina C.; Truchado, Daniel A.; Valladares, Fernando
    • Oikos, Vol. 129, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1111/oik.06776

    Keeping pace with forestry: Multi-scale conservation in a changing production forest matrix
    journal, September 2019

    Plant diversity maintains multiple soil functions in future environments
    journal, November 2018

    Forest biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services
    journal, November 2017

    • Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.; Barbaro, Luc; Castagneyrol, Bastien
    • Biodiversity and Conservation, Vol. 26, Issue 13
    • DOI: 10.1007/s10531-017-1453-2

    Changes in soil microbial substrate utilization in response to altered litter diversity and precipitation in a Mediterranean shrubland
    journal, December 2016

    • Shihan, Ammar; Hättenschwiler, Stephan; Milcu, Alexandru
    • Biology and Fertility of Soils, Vol. 53, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.1007/s00374-016-1166-9

    Species contributions to single biodiversity values under-estimate whole community contribution to a wider range of values to society
    journal, May 2018

    The results of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic
    text, January 2019

    • Jochum, Malte; Fischer, Markus; Isbell, Forest
    • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    • DOI: 10.7892/boris.132576

    Plant diversity maintains multiple soil functions in future environments
    journal, November 2018

    Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning relations in European forests depend on environmental context
    journal, September 2017

    • Ratcliffe, Sophia; Wirth, Christian; Jucker, Tommaso
    • Ecology Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 11
    • DOI: 10.1111/ele.12849

    Revisiting the biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationship
    journal, June 2017

    The results of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic
    text, January 2020

    Management breaks the natural productivity-biodiversity relationship in forests and grassland: an opinion
    journal, January 2018

    Tree Diversity Drives Forest Stand Resistance to Natural Disturbances
    journal, July 2017

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