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Title: Spacetime and universal soft modes: Black holes and beyond

Abstract

Recently, a coherent picture of the quantum mechanics of an evaporating black hole has been presented which reconciles unitarity with the predictions of the equivalence principle. The thermal nature of a black hole as viewed in a distant reference frame arises from entanglement between the hard and soft modes generated by the chaotic dynamics at the string scale. In this paper, we elaborate on this picture, particularly emphasizing the importance of the chaotic nature of the string (UV) dynamics across all low-energy species in generating large (IR) spacetime behind the horizon. Implications of this UV/IR relation include O (1) breaking of global symmetries at the string scale and a self-repair mechanism of black holes restoring the smoothness of their horizons. We also generalize the framework to other systems, including Rindler, de Sitter, and asymptotically flat spacetimes, and find a consistent picture in each case. Finally, we discuss the origin of the particular construction adopted in describing the black hole interior as well as the outside of a de Sitter horizon. We argue that the construction is selected by the quantum-to-classical transition, in particular, the applicability of the Born rule in a quantum mechanical world.

Authors:
ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
OSTI Identifier:
1606285
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1633269
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; SC0019380
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Physical Review. D.
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Volume: 101 Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Citation Formats

Nomura, Yasunori. Spacetime and universal soft modes: Black holes and beyond. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.066024.
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Nomura, Yasunori. Spacetime and universal soft modes: Black holes and beyond. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.066024
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Nomura, Yasunori. Wed . "Spacetime and universal soft modes: Black holes and beyond". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.066024.
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@article{osti_1606285,
title = {Spacetime and universal soft modes: Black holes and beyond},
author = {Nomura, Yasunori},
abstractNote = {Recently, a coherent picture of the quantum mechanics of an evaporating black hole has been presented which reconciles unitarity with the predictions of the equivalence principle. The thermal nature of a black hole as viewed in a distant reference frame arises from entanglement between the hard and soft modes generated by the chaotic dynamics at the string scale. In this paper, we elaborate on this picture, particularly emphasizing the importance of the chaotic nature of the string (UV) dynamics across all low-energy species in generating large (IR) spacetime behind the horizon. Implications of this UV/IR relation include O (1) breaking of global symmetries at the string scale and a self-repair mechanism of black holes restoring the smoothness of their horizons. We also generalize the framework to other systems, including Rindler, de Sitter, and asymptotically flat spacetimes, and find a consistent picture in each case. Finally, we discuss the origin of the particular construction adopted in describing the black hole interior as well as the outside of a de Sitter horizon. We argue that the construction is selected by the quantum-to-classical transition, in particular, the applicability of the Born rule in a quantum mechanical world.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.101.066024},
journal = {Physical Review. D.},
number = 6,
volume = 101,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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Journal Article:
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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.066024
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Cited by: 25 works
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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1 FIG. 1: A schematic depiction illustrating the idea that a single branch of a quantum state describes only the spacetime region accessible by a single observer. The global spacetime of general relativity (the entire region including those represented by lighter colors) arises only as a “pictorial depiction” obtained by patchingmore » possible spacetime histories represented by various branches.« less
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