Optimal dispatch for participation of electric vehicles in frequency regulation based on area control error and area regulation requirement

Liu, Hui; Huang, Kai; Wang, Ni; Qi, Junjian; Wu, Qiuwei; Ma, Shicong; Li, Canbing

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.044

Title: Optimal dispatch for participation of electric vehicles in frequency regulation based on area control error and area regulation requirement

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

In this study, optimal strategies are proposed for electric vehicles in charging stations to participate in the secondary frequency regulation, while considering their charging demands. In order to fairly allocate the dispatch from the control center among electric vehicles according to their charging demands, two optimal real-time strategies are proposed, respectively based on area control error and area regulation requirement. With the proposed strategies, the expected charging of electric vehicles is optimally tracked in real time by using the regulation task from the control center. Simulations on a two-area interconnected power grid show that the proposed two strategies can respectively lead to a 12.66% and 16.78% frequency deviation reduction and a 13.76% and 9.86% generator regulation reduction. At the same time, the charging demands of EVs can also be ensured.

Authors:

^[1]; Huang, Kai ^[1]; Wang, Ni ^[1];

^[2]; Wu, Qiuwei ^[3]; Ma, Shicong ^[4];

^[5]

Guangxi Univ., Nanning (China)
Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (United States)
Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark)
China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing (China)
Hunan Univ., Changsha (China)

Publication Date:: Wed Feb 13 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1592265

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0007327

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Applied Energy

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 240; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0306-2619

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS; Area control error; Area regulation requirement; Charging demand; Electric vehicle; Optimal dispatch; Vehicle to grid control

Citation Formats


                    Liu, Hui, Huang, Kai, Wang, Ni, Qi, Junjian, Wu, Qiuwei, Ma, Shicong, and Li, Canbing. Optimal dispatch for participation of electric vehicles in frequency regulation based on area control error and area regulation requirement.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.044.

Copy to clipboard


                    Liu, Hui, Huang, Kai, Wang, Ni, Qi, Junjian, Wu, Qiuwei, Ma, Shicong, & Li, Canbing. Optimal dispatch for participation of electric vehicles in frequency regulation based on area control error and area regulation requirement.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.044

Copy to clipboard


                    Liu, Hui, Huang, Kai, Wang, Ni, Qi, Junjian, Wu, Qiuwei, Ma, Shicong, and Li, Canbing. Wed .  
"Optimal dispatch for participation of electric vehicles in frequency regulation based on area control error and area regulation requirement".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.044.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1592265.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1592265,

  title        = {Optimal dispatch for participation of electric vehicles in frequency regulation based on area control error and area regulation requirement},

  author       = {Liu, Hui and Huang, Kai and Wang, Ni and Qi, Junjian and Wu, Qiuwei and Ma, Shicong and Li, Canbing},

  abstractNote = {In this study, optimal strategies are proposed for electric vehicles in charging stations to participate in the secondary frequency regulation, while considering their charging demands. In order to fairly allocate the dispatch from the control center among electric vehicles according to their charging demands, two optimal real-time strategies are proposed, respectively based on area control error and area regulation requirement. With the proposed strategies, the expected charging of electric vehicles is optimally tracked in real time by using the regulation task from the control center. Simulations on a two-area interconnected power grid show that the proposed two strategies can respectively lead to a 12.66% and 16.78% frequency deviation reduction and a 13.76% and 9.86% generator regulation reduction. At the same time, the charging demands of EVs can also be ensured.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.044},

  journal      = {Applied Energy},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 240,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Feb 13 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Wed Feb 13 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.044

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 41 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

A Real-Time Greedy-Index Dispatching Policy for using PEVs to Provide Frequency Regulation Service

Journal Article Ke, Xinda ; Wu, Di ; Lu, Ning - IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

This article presents a real-time greedy-index dispatching policy (GIDP) for using plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) to provide frequency regulation services. A new service cost allocation mechanism is proposed to award PEVs based on the amount of service they provided, while considering compensations for delayed-charging and reduction of battery lifetime due to participation of the service. The GIDP transforms the optimal dispatch problem from a high-dimensional space into a one-dimensional space while preserving the solution optimality. When solving the transformed problem in real-time, the global optimality of the GIDP solution can be guaranteed by mathematically proved “indexability”. Because the GIDP indexmore »« less
Cited by 11
https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2754241

Full Text Available
A Real-Time Greedy-Index Dispatching Policy for using PEVs to Provide Frequency Regulation Service

Journal Article Ke, Xinda ; Wu, Di ; Lu, Ning - IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

This paper presents a real-time, greedy-index based dispatching policy (GIDP) for dispatching plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) to maximize the aggregator’s profit by providing frequency regulation services. A new service cost allocation mechanism is proposed to award PEVs by the amount of service they provide, compensation for delayed-charging, and reduction of battery lifetime because of battery degradation. The proposed GIDP transforms a high-dimensional optimization problem into the one-dimensional space while preserving its solution optimality. By solving the transformed problem in real time, the global optimality of the GIDP solution can be guaranteed by the mathematically proved “indexability”. In Part II ofmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2754241
Integration of Real-Time Building Data into Economic Dispatch of Dynamically Electrified Building Steam Systems

Technical Report Kearns, Jordan ; Briere, Christian

Facilities currently heat boilers by direct combustion of fossil fuels. Selectively offsetting fuel consumption with electricity could substantially reduce the expense of generating thermal energy while providing valuable electric grid and natural gas network services, enhancing resiliency, and reducing emissions. This option is now possible using modern data science to create a hybrid system that electrifies in response to real-time electricity market and building conditions. We call this dynamic electrification. The overall objective of the work conducted under this Phase I grant was to enable dynamic electrification of building boiler systems via automated integration and interpretation of building data. Wemore »« less
Austin Sustainable and Holistic Integration of Energy Storage and Solar PV [Austin SHINES]. Final Report, Version 2

Technical Report Popp, Anna ; Hughes, Jennifer

The Austin SHINES project and solution is a software management platform, for an electric grid with a high penetration of dispersed photovoltaic (PV) solar generation sites, which maintains the traditional power quality and reliability associated with grid service. This project developed and deployed the platform as a Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS), engaging multiple advanced controls, to evaluate operation and optimization of a fleet of diverse DER assets, installed at several locations among Austin Energy’s customers and distribution system. The project also produced a methodology to create a replicable DERMS template, adaptable to other regions and market structures. Last, Austin SHINES aimed to demonstrate the solution’s methodology would enable the DER grid ecosystem to serve load at a technical cost (System Levelized Cost of Electricity, or System LCOE) of less than the U.S. Department of Energy SHINES program metric ofmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1661670

Full Text Available
Real-Time Dispatch With Secondary Frequency Regulation: A Pathway to Consider Intra-Interval Fluctuations

Journal Article Xiang, Mingxu ; Yang, Zhifang ; Yu, Juan ; ... - IEEE Systems Journal

Real-time dispatch balances the power demand with minimized operating costs. For the current dispatch model, the demand is assumed to be constant within a time interval, while the intra-interval power balance is left to frequency regulation. Based on practical experience and simulations, this behavior may lead to insufficient frequency regulation and uneconomic regulation costs considering the increase in intra-interval fluctuations caused by renewables. Here, a real-time dispatch method with secondary frequency regulation behaviors is proposed. Without changing the interval of the real-time dispatch command, the system regulation mileage and intra-interval generation adjustment are explicitly formulated in a mixed-integer optimization model.more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1109/JSYST.2021.3125796

Full Text Available

Similar Records