Laboratory Foamed-Cement-Curing Evolution Using CT Scanning: Insights From Elevated-Pressure Generation

Dalton, Laura E.; Brown, Sarah; Moore, Johnathan; Crandall, Dustin; Gill, Magdalena

doi:10.2118/194007-pa

Title: Laboratory Foamed-Cement-Curing Evolution Using CT Scanning: Insights From Elevated-Pressure Generation

Abstract

Computed-tomography (CT) scanning has become a mainstay among scientists (Wildenschild and Sheppard 2013) because it enables nondestructive observation of material processes and formation in real time. Foamed cement is a high-strength, low-density material containing nitrogen gas, and is used to stabilize wellbore casings both onshore and offshore. In-situ foamed cement is subject to pressure changes because the slurry is pumped downhole and cures at depth. To correlate the influence of pressure to the gas-void size and the curing evolution of a foamed cement, two laboratory foamed cements were generated and CT scanned as they cured. One cement was generated following the American Petroleum Institute (API) industry standard API RP 10B-4 (2015) at atmospheric conditions using a blender, and the other cement was created using a foamed-cement generator (FCG) (resembling that of de Rozières and Ferrière 1991) to produce a sample at an elevated pressure. FCG-generated cement qualities (in the range of 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40%) were scanned at their cured state for comparison. From the CT-image time series and the single FCG scans, the volumetric void properties were characterized and compared. The time-series blender voids were an order of magnitude larger than the FCG voids, and void growthmore »« less

Authors:

Dalton, Laura E. ^[1]; Brown, Sarah ^[2]; Moore, Johnathan ^[2]; Crandall, Dustin ^[3]; Gill, Magdalena ^[2]

National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Morgantown, WV (United States); Oak Ridge Inst. for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Morgantown, WV (United States); AECOM, Morgantown, WV (United States)
National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Morgantown, WV (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Morgantown, WV (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1573906

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: SPE Drilling and Completion

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 34; Journal Issue: 01; Journal ID: ISSN 1064-6671

Publisher:: Society of Petroleum Engineers

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Foamed Cement Generator; API RP 10B-4; computed tomography; wellbore integrity

Citation Formats


                    Dalton, Laura E., Brown, Sarah, Moore, Johnathan, Crandall, Dustin, and Gill, Magdalena. Laboratory Foamed-Cement-Curing Evolution Using CT Scanning: Insights From Elevated-Pressure Generation.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.2118/194007-pa.

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                    Dalton, Laura E., Brown, Sarah, Moore, Johnathan, Crandall, Dustin, & Gill, Magdalena. Laboratory Foamed-Cement-Curing Evolution Using CT Scanning: Insights From Elevated-Pressure Generation.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.2118/194007-pa

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                    Dalton, Laura E., Brown, Sarah, Moore, Johnathan, Crandall, Dustin, and Gill, Magdalena. Fri .  
"Laboratory Foamed-Cement-Curing Evolution Using CT Scanning: Insights From Elevated-Pressure Generation".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.2118/194007-pa.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1573906.

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@article{osti_1573906,

  title        = {Laboratory Foamed-Cement-Curing Evolution Using CT Scanning: Insights From Elevated-Pressure Generation},

  author       = {Dalton, Laura E. and Brown, Sarah and Moore, Johnathan and Crandall, Dustin and Gill, Magdalena},

  abstractNote = {Computed-tomography (CT) scanning has become a mainstay among scientists (Wildenschild and Sheppard 2013) because it enables nondestructive observation of material processes and formation in real time. Foamed cement is a high-strength, low-density material containing nitrogen gas, and is used to stabilize wellbore casings both onshore and offshore. In-situ foamed cement is subject to pressure changes because the slurry is pumped downhole and cures at depth. To correlate the influence of pressure to the gas-void size and the curing evolution of a foamed cement, two laboratory foamed cements were generated and CT scanned as they cured. One cement was generated following the American Petroleum Institute (API) industry standard API RP 10B-4 (2015) at atmospheric conditions using a blender, and the other cement was created using a foamed-cement generator (FCG) (resembling that of de Rozières and Ferrière 1991) to produce a sample at an elevated pressure. FCG-generated cement qualities (in the range of 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40%) were scanned at their cured state for comparison. From the CT-image time series and the single FCG scans, the volumetric void properties were characterized and compared. The time-series blender voids were an order of magnitude larger than the FCG voids, and void growth was stagnant after a curing period of 100 minutes, whereas the FCG voids gradually increased in volume after 100 minutes. The Hsü-Nadai plots (Brandon 1995) reveal that the FCG and blender voids are weakly prolate, and all FCG voids, regardless of generation quality, relax to a greater final-magnitude strain than the blender voids. Furthermore, these findings confirm that both the void size and the curing process are influenced by the pressure at which a foamed cement is generated.},

  doi          = {10.2118/194007-pa},

  journal      = {SPE Drilling and Completion},

  number       = 01,

  volume       = 34,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

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Title: Laboratory Foamed-Cement-Curing Evolution Using CT Scanning: Insights From Elevated-Pressure Generation

Abstract

Citation Formats

Surfactant stabilized bubbles flowing in a Newtonian fluid journal, June 2019

Surfactant stabilized bubbles flowing in a Newtonian fluid
journal, June 2019