Dynamical Mechanism for the Increase in Tropical Upwelling in the Lowermost Tropical Stratosphere during Warm ENSO Events
Abstract
The Brewer–Dobson circulation strengthens in the lowermost tropical stratosphere during warm El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Dynamical analyses reflecting the most recent version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model show that this is due mainly to anomalous forcing by orographic gravity waves, which maximizes in the Northern Hemisphere subtropics between 18 and 22 km, especially during the strongest warm ENSO episodes. Anomalies in the meridional gradient of temperature in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) are produced during warm ENSO events, accompanied by anomalies in the location and intensity of the subtropical jets. This anomalous wind pattern changes the propagation and dissipation of the parameterized gravity waves, which ultimately force increases in tropical upwelling in the lowermost stratosphere. During cold ENSO events a similar signal, but of opposite sign, is present in the model simulations. The signals in ozone and water vapor produced by ENSO events in the UTLS are also investigated.
- Authors:
-
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. Complutense Madrid (Spain)
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1564724
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 67; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-4928
- Publisher:
- American Meteorological Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Climate models; Dynamics; El Nino; Gravity waves; Stratosphere; Tropics; Upwelling/downwelling
Citation Formats
Calvo, Natalia, Garcia, R. R., Randel, W. J., and Marsh, D. R. Dynamical Mechanism for the Increase in Tropical Upwelling in the Lowermost Tropical Stratosphere during Warm ENSO Events. United States: N. p., 2010.
Web. doi:10.1175/2010jas3433.1.
Calvo, Natalia, Garcia, R. R., Randel, W. J., & Marsh, D. R. Dynamical Mechanism for the Increase in Tropical Upwelling in the Lowermost Tropical Stratosphere during Warm ENSO Events. United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3433.1
Calvo, Natalia, Garcia, R. R., Randel, W. J., and Marsh, D. R. Thu .
"Dynamical Mechanism for the Increase in Tropical Upwelling in the Lowermost Tropical Stratosphere during Warm ENSO Events". United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3433.1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1564724.
@article{osti_1564724,
title = {Dynamical Mechanism for the Increase in Tropical Upwelling in the Lowermost Tropical Stratosphere during Warm ENSO Events},
author = {Calvo, Natalia and Garcia, R. R. and Randel, W. J. and Marsh, D. R.},
abstractNote = {The Brewer–Dobson circulation strengthens in the lowermost tropical stratosphere during warm El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Dynamical analyses reflecting the most recent version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model show that this is due mainly to anomalous forcing by orographic gravity waves, which maximizes in the Northern Hemisphere subtropics between 18 and 22 km, especially during the strongest warm ENSO episodes. Anomalies in the meridional gradient of temperature in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) are produced during warm ENSO events, accompanied by anomalies in the location and intensity of the subtropical jets. This anomalous wind pattern changes the propagation and dissipation of the parameterized gravity waves, which ultimately force increases in tropical upwelling in the lowermost stratosphere. During cold ENSO events a similar signal, but of opposite sign, is present in the model simulations. The signals in ozone and water vapor produced by ENSO events in the UTLS are also investigated.},
doi = {10.1175/2010jas3433.1},
journal = {Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences},
number = 7,
volume = 67,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2010},
month = {Thu Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2010}
}
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