Effect of formation protocol: Cells containing Si-Graphite composite electrodes

Rago, Nancy Dietz; Basco, John K.; Vu, Anh; Li, Jianlin; Hays, Kevin; Sheng, Yangping; Wood, David L.; Bloom, Ira

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.076

Title: Effect of formation protocol: Cells containing Si-Graphite composite electrodes

Abstract

The effect of formation protocol was observed in tests using small pouch cells containing silicon-graphite/Li(Ni_0.5Mn_0.3Co_0.2)O₂ chemistry. The time for the formation protocol was either 13.2 or 186 h for the tested cells. It is demonstrated that the “fast” formation protocol produces cells with similar performance characteristics to that of the “slow” protocol. Moreover, the solid-electrolyte interface layers from both formation protocols are stable and function analogously, albeit with different chemistry. The fast formation protocol may thus allow a more economical route to cell fabrication.

Authors:

Rago, Nancy Dietz ^[1]; Basco, John K. ^[1]; Vu, Anh ^[1];

^[2];

^[2]; Bloom, Ira ^[1]

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Sep 04 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1558523

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1562297; OSTI ID: 1701864

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Power Sources

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 435; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; lithium-ion battery; silicon/graphite anode; formation protocol

Citation Formats


                    Rago, Nancy Dietz, Basco, John K., Vu, Anh, Li, Jianlin, Hays, Kevin, Sheng, Yangping, Wood, David L., and Bloom, Ira. Effect of formation protocol: Cells containing Si-Graphite composite electrodes.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.076.

Copy to clipboard


                    Rago, Nancy Dietz, Basco, John K., Vu, Anh, Li, Jianlin, Hays, Kevin, Sheng, Yangping, Wood, David L., & Bloom, Ira. Effect of formation protocol: Cells containing Si-Graphite composite electrodes.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.076

Copy to clipboard


                    Rago, Nancy Dietz, Basco, John K., Vu, Anh, Li, Jianlin, Hays, Kevin, Sheng, Yangping, Wood, David L., and Bloom, Ira. Wed .  
"Effect of formation protocol: Cells containing Si-Graphite composite electrodes".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.076.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1558523.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1558523,

  title        = {Effect of formation protocol: Cells containing Si-Graphite composite electrodes},

  author       = {Rago, Nancy Dietz and Basco, John K. and Vu, Anh and Li, Jianlin and Hays, Kevin and Sheng, Yangping and Wood, David L. and Bloom, Ira},

  abstractNote = {The effect of formation protocol was observed in tests using small pouch cells containing silicon-graphite/Li(Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2)O2 chemistry. The time for the formation protocol was either 13.2 or 186 h for the tested cells. It is demonstrated that the “fast” formation protocol produces cells with similar performance characteristics to that of the “slow” protocol. Moreover, the solid-electrolyte interface layers from both formation protocols are stable and function analogously, albeit with different chemistry. The fast formation protocol may thus allow a more economical route to cell fabrication.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.076},

  journal      = {Journal of Power Sources},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 435,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Sep 04 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Wed Sep 04 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.076

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 8 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Narrowing the Gap between Theoretical and Practical Capacities in Li-Ion Layered Oxide Cathode Materials
journal, July 2017

Radin, Maxwell D.; Hy, Sunny; Sina, Mahsa
Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 20
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201602888

Optimizing Areal Capacities through Understanding the Limitations of Lithium-Ion Electrodes
journal, November 2015

Gallagher, Kevin G.; Trask, Stephen E.; Bauer, Christoph
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1149/2.0321602jes

Toward Low-Cost, High-Energy Density, and High-Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, June 2017

Li, Jianlin; Du, Zhijia; Ruther, Rose E.
JOM, Vol. 69, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1007/s11837-017-2404-9

25th Anniversary Article: Understanding the Lithiation of Silicon and Other Alloying Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, August 2013

McDowell, Matthew T.; Lee, Seok Woo; Nix, William D.
Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 36
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301795

Capacity Fade and Its Mitigation in Li-Ion Cells with Silicon-Graphite Electrodes
journal, September 2017

Bareño, Javier; Shkrob, Ilya A.; Gilbert, James A.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 121, Issue 38
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b06118

Stable cycling of double-walled silicon nanotube battery anodes through solid–electrolyte interphase control
journal, March 2012

Wu, Hui; Chan, Gerentt; Choi, Jang Wook
Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2012.35

Rational Design of Void-Involved Si@TiO ₂ Nanospheres as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, April 2014

Fang, Shan; Shen, Laifa; Xu, Guiyin
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 6, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1021/am500066j

Preparation of porous Si and TiO ₂ nanofibres using a sulphur-templating method for lithium storage : Preparation of porous Si and TiO
journal, February 2015

McCormac, Kathleen; Byrd, Ian; Brannen, Rodney
physica status solidi (a), Vol. 212, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1002/pssa.201431834

Si Oxidation and H ₂ Gassing During Aqueous Slurry Preparation for Li-Ion Battery Anodes
journal, April 2018

Hays, Kevin A.; Key, Baris; Li, Jianlin
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 122, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01062

Improved Performance of the Silicon Anode for Li-Ion Batteries: Understanding the Surface Modification Mechanism of Fluoroethylene Carbonate as an Effective Electrolyte Additive
journal, March 2015

Xu, Chao; Lindgren, Fredrik; Philippe, Bertrand
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00339

Electrolyte Volume Effects on Electrochemical Performance and Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Si-Graphite/NMC Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells
journal, May 2017

An, Seong Jin; Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 22
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03617

The state of understanding of the lithium-ion-battery graphite solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and its relationship to formation cycling
journal, August 2016

An, Seong Jin; Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus
Carbon, Vol. 105
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.04.008

Examining Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Crystalline Silicon Electrodes: Influence of Electrochemical Preparation and Ambient Exposure Conditions
journal, September 2012

Schroder, Kjell W.; Celio, Hugo; Webb, Lauren J.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 116, Issue 37
DOI: 10.1021/jp307372m

Effect of Fluoroethylene Carbonate (FEC) on the Performance and Surface Chemistry of Si-Nanowire Li-Ion Battery Anodes
journal, December 2011

Etacheri, Vinodkumar; Haik, Ortal; Goffer, Yossi
Langmuir, Vol. 28, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1021/la203712s

Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries
journal, February 2015

Wood, David L.; Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 275
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.019

Balancing formation time and electrochemical performance of high energy lithium-ion batteries
journal, October 2018

Mao, Chengyu; An, Seong Jin; Meyer, Harry M.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 402
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.019

Fast formation cycling for lithium ion batteries
journal, February 2017

An, Seong Jin; Li, Jianlin; Du, Zhijia
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 342
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.011

Superior Performance of LiFePO ₄ Aqueous Dispersions via Corona Treatment and Surface Energy Optimization
journal, January 2012

Li, Jianlin; Rulison, Christopher; Kiggans, Jim
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 159, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1149/2.018208jes

What makes lithium substituted polyacrylic acid a better binder than polyacrylic acid for silicon-graphite composite anodes?
journal, April 2018

Hays, Kevin A.; Ruther, Rose E.; Kukay, Alexander J.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 384
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.02.085

Evaluation Residual Moisture in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Its Effect on Electrode Performance
journal, January 2016

Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus; An, Seong Jin
MRS Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1557/adv.2016.6

Vacuum-tight sample transfer stage for a scanning electron microscopic study of stabilized lithium metal particles
journal, October 2011

Howe, Jane Y.; Boatner, Lynn A.; Kolopus, James A.
Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 47, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1007/s10853-011-6029-z

Electrical and structural studies of lithium fluorophosphate glasses
journal, March 1995

Chowdari, B.
Solid State Ionics, Vol. 76, Issue 3-4
DOI: 10.1016/0167-2738(94)00280-6

Ion bombardment-induced decomposition of Li and Ba sulfates and carbonates studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, January 1985

Contarini, Salvatore; Rabalais, J. Wayne
Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 35, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/0368-2048(85)80056-6

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Calendar-life versus cycle-life aging of lithium-ion cells with silicon-graphite composite electrodes

Journal Article Kalaga, Kaushik ; Rodrigues, Marco-Tulio F. ; Trask, Stephen E. ; ... - Electrochimica Acta

The use of blended silicon-graphite (Si-Gr) negative electrodes increases the energy density of lithium-ion cells over those containing only graphite (Gr) electrodes. However, volume changes in the Si particles that occur during cycling causes deterioration of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the particles resulting in further electrolyte reduction that immobilizes Li+ ions and, therefore, capacity fade. Because the volume changes are not expected to occur during a potentiostatic hold (referred to as calendar-life aging), by comparison of cycle-life and calendar-life aged cells one can expect to assess the role of volume changes in the deterioration of cell performance. Tomore »« less
Cited by 61
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.101

Full Text Available
Electrolyte volume effects on electrochemical performance and solid electrolyte interphase in Si-graphite/NMC lithium-ion pouch cells

Journal Article An, Seong Jin ; Li, Jianlin ; Daniel, Claus ; ... - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

This study aims to explore the correlations between electrolyte volume, electrochemical performance, and properties of the solid electrolyte interphase in pouch cells with Si-graphite composite anodes. The electrolyte is 1.2 M LiPF₆ in ethylene carbonate:ethylmethyl carbonate with 10 wt % fluoroethylene carbonate. Single layer pouch cells (100 mA h) were constructed with 15 wt % Si-graphite/LiNi_0.5Mn_0.3CO_0.2O₂ electrodes. It is found that a minimum electrolyte volume factor of 3.1 times to the total pore volume of cell components (cathode, anode, and separator) is needed for better cycling stability. Less electrolyte causes increases in ohmic and charge transfer resistances. Lithium dendrites aremore »« less
Cited by 46
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b03617

Full Text Available
Extreme fast charge aging: Effect of electrode loading and NMC composition on inhomogeneous degradation in graphite bulk and electrode/electrolyte interface

Journal Article Yang, Zhenzhen ; Charalambous, Harry ; Trask, Stephen E. ; ... - Journal of Power Sources

Empowering extreme fast charging (XFC) requires a comprehensive understanding of its application with advanced anode and cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries. No report exists for the full extent of limitations for the anode with crosstalk effect from paired cathode as well as Li plating due to electrode loading under XFC. In this study, a combination of cell testing and multiple length characterization is used to investigate XFC aging mechanism in cells with a low loading of 1.5 mAh cm^-2 and high loading of 2.5 mAh cm^-2 for graphite (Gr)/Ni-rich LiNi_xMn_yCo_1-x-yO₂ (NMCs). Operando XRD mappings show 1.5 mAh cm^-2 loadings resultmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232119

Full Text Available
Design and Demonstration of Three-Electrode Pouch Cells for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Journal Article An, Seong Jin ; Li, Jianlin ; Daniel, Claus ; ... - Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Simple three-electrode pouch cells which can be used in distinguishing the voltage and resistance in individual electrodes of lithium ion batteries have been designed. Baseline (1 mm-staggered alignment, cathode away from a reference electrode) and aligned electrodes to a reference electrode located outside of the anode and cathode were studied to see alignment effects on resistance analysis. Cells composed of A12 graphite anodes, LiNi_0.5Mn_0.3Co_0.2O₂ (NMC 532 or NCM 523) cathodes, lithium foil references, microporous tri-layer membranes, and electrolytes, were cycled with cathode cutoff voltages between 3.0 V and 4.3 V for formation cycles or 4.6 V for C-rate performance testing.more »« less
Cited by 48
https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0031709jes

Full Text Available
Chemical Interplay of Silicon and Graphite in a Composite Electrode in SEI Formation

Journal Article Yang, Zhenzhen ; Kim, Minkyu ; Yu, Lei ; ... - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

In this study, we investigated the effect of the Si/graphite weight ratio in half-cells on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer's chemistry. The nominal concentrations of active materials were (wt % Si/wt % Gr) 15/73, 30/58, 60/28, and 80/0. The electrolyte in the cells consisted of either 1.2 M LiPF₆ in ethylene carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate (3:7 by wt) or 1.2 M LiPF₆ in ethylene carbonate:ethyl methyl carbonate (3:7 by wt) + 10 wt % fluoroethylene carbonate. These coin cells were cycled five times at the C/10 rate. As expected, the addition of silicon to the electrode significantly increased the measuredmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c15727

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Effect of formation protocol: Cells containing Si-Graphite composite electrodes

Abstract

Citation Formats

Narrowing the Gap between Theoretical and Practical Capacities in Li-Ion Layered Oxide Cathode Materials journal, July 2017

Optimizing Areal Capacities through Understanding the Limitations of Lithium-Ion Electrodes journal, November 2015

Toward Low-Cost, High-Energy Density, and High-Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, June 2017

25th Anniversary Article: Understanding the Lithiation of Silicon and Other Alloying Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, August 2013

Capacity Fade and Its Mitigation in Li-Ion Cells with Silicon-Graphite Electrodes journal, September 2017

Stable cycling of double-walled silicon nanotube battery anodes through solid–electrolyte interphase control journal, March 2012

Rational Design of Void-Involved Si@TiO 2 Nanospheres as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, April 2014

Preparation of porous Si and TiO 2 nanofibres using a sulphur-templating method for lithium storage : Preparation of porous Si and TiO journal, February 2015

Si Oxidation and H 2 Gassing During Aqueous Slurry Preparation for Li-Ion Battery Anodes journal, April 2018

Improved Performance of the Silicon Anode for Li-Ion Batteries: Understanding the Surface Modification Mechanism of Fluoroethylene Carbonate as an Effective Electrolyte Additive journal, March 2015

Electrolyte Volume Effects on Electrochemical Performance and Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Si-Graphite/NMC Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells journal, May 2017

The state of understanding of the lithium-ion-battery graphite solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and its relationship to formation cycling journal, August 2016

Examining Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Crystalline Silicon Electrodes: Influence of Electrochemical Preparation and Ambient Exposure Conditions journal, September 2012

Effect of Fluoroethylene Carbonate (FEC) on the Performance and Surface Chemistry of Si-Nanowire Li-Ion Battery Anodes journal, December 2011

Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries journal, February 2015

Balancing formation time and electrochemical performance of high energy lithium-ion batteries journal, October 2018

Fast formation cycling for lithium ion batteries journal, February 2017

Superior Performance of LiFePO 4 Aqueous Dispersions via Corona Treatment and Surface Energy Optimization journal, January 2012

What makes lithium substituted polyacrylic acid a better binder than polyacrylic acid for silicon-graphite composite anodes? journal, April 2018

Evaluation Residual Moisture in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Its Effect on Electrode Performance journal, January 2016

Vacuum-tight sample transfer stage for a scanning electron microscopic study of stabilized lithium metal particles journal, October 2011

Electrical and structural studies of lithium fluorophosphate glasses journal, March 1995

Ion bombardment-induced decomposition of Li and Ba sulfates and carbonates studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy journal, January 1985

Narrowing the Gap between Theoretical and Practical Capacities in Li-Ion Layered Oxide Cathode Materials
journal, July 2017

Optimizing Areal Capacities through Understanding the Limitations of Lithium-Ion Electrodes
journal, November 2015

Toward Low-Cost, High-Energy Density, and High-Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, June 2017

25th Anniversary Article: Understanding the Lithiation of Silicon and Other Alloying Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, August 2013

Capacity Fade and Its Mitigation in Li-Ion Cells with Silicon-Graphite Electrodes
journal, September 2017

Stable cycling of double-walled silicon nanotube battery anodes through solid–electrolyte interphase control
journal, March 2012

Rational Design of Void-Involved Si@TiO ₂ Nanospheres as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, April 2014

Preparation of porous Si and TiO ₂ nanofibres using a sulphur-templating method for lithium storage : Preparation of porous Si and TiO
journal, February 2015

Si Oxidation and H ₂ Gassing During Aqueous Slurry Preparation for Li-Ion Battery Anodes
journal, April 2018

Improved Performance of the Silicon Anode for Li-Ion Batteries: Understanding the Surface Modification Mechanism of Fluoroethylene Carbonate as an Effective Electrolyte Additive
journal, March 2015

Electrolyte Volume Effects on Electrochemical Performance and Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Si-Graphite/NMC Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells
journal, May 2017

The state of understanding of the lithium-ion-battery graphite solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and its relationship to formation cycling
journal, August 2016

Examining Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Crystalline Silicon Electrodes: Influence of Electrochemical Preparation and Ambient Exposure Conditions
journal, September 2012

Effect of Fluoroethylene Carbonate (FEC) on the Performance and Surface Chemistry of Si-Nanowire Li-Ion Battery Anodes
journal, December 2011

Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries
journal, February 2015

Balancing formation time and electrochemical performance of high energy lithium-ion batteries
journal, October 2018

Fast formation cycling for lithium ion batteries
journal, February 2017

Superior Performance of LiFePO ₄ Aqueous Dispersions via Corona Treatment and Surface Energy Optimization
journal, January 2012

What makes lithium substituted polyacrylic acid a better binder than polyacrylic acid for silicon-graphite composite anodes?
journal, April 2018

Evaluation Residual Moisture in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Its Effect on Electrode Performance
journal, January 2016

Vacuum-tight sample transfer stage for a scanning electron microscopic study of stabilized lithium metal particles
journal, October 2011

Electrical and structural studies of lithium fluorophosphate glasses
journal, March 1995

Ion bombardment-induced decomposition of Li and Ba sulfates and carbonates studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, January 1985