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Title: K2 Observations of SN 2018oh Reveal a Two-component Rising Light Curve for a Type Ia Supernova

Abstract

We present an exquisite 30 minute cadence Kepler (K2) light curve of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2018oh (ASASSN-18bt), starting weeks before explosion, covering the moment of explosion and the subsequent rise, and continuing past peak brightness. These data are supplemented by multi-color Panoramic Survey Telescope (Pan-STARRS1) and Rapid Response System 1 and Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory 4 m Dark Energy Camera (CTIO 4-m DECam) observations obtained within hours of explosion. The K2 light curve has an unusual two-component shape, where the flux rises with a steep linear gradient for the first few days, followed by a quadratic rise as seen for typical supernovae (SNe) Ia. This "flux excess" relative to canonical SN Ia behavior is confirmed in our i-band light curve, and furthermore, SN 2018oh is especially blue during the early epochs. The flux excess peaks 2.14 ± 0.04 days after explosion, has a FWHM of 3.12 ± 0.04 days, a blackbody temperature of $$T = 17,500^{+11,500}_{-9,000}$$ K, a peak luminosity of 4.3 ± 0.2 x 1038 erg s-1, and a total integrated energy of 1.27 ± 0.01 x 1043 erg. We compare SN 2018oh to several models that may provide additional heating at early times, including collision with a companion and a shallow concentration of radioactive nickel. While all of these models generally reproduce the early K2 light curve shape, we slightly favor a companion interaction, at a distance of ~ 2 x 1012 based on our early color measurements, although the exact distance depends on the uncertain viewing angle. Additional confirmation of a companion interaction in future modeling and observations of SN 2018oh would provide strong support for a single-degenerate progenitor system.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Contributing Org.:
K2 Mission Team; KEGS; Kepler spacecraft team; Pan-STARRS; DECam; ASAS-SN; PTSS/TNTS; Las Cumbres Observatory; ATLAS; Konkoly; ePESSTO; University of Arizona
OSTI Identifier:
1526567
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online); Journal Volume: 870; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-8213
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Citation Formats

Dimitriadis, G., Foley, R. J., Rest, A., Kasen, D., Piro, A. L., Polin, A., Jones, D. O., Villar, A., Narayan, G., A. Coulter, D., Kilpatrick, C. D., Pan, Y. -C., Rojas-Bravo, C., Fox, O. D., Jha, S. W., Nugent, P. E., Riess, A. G., Scolnic, D., Drout, M. R., Barentsen, G., Dotson, J., Gully-Santiago, M., Hedges, C., Cody, A. M., Barclay, T., Howell, S., Garnavich, P., Tucker, B. E., Shaya, E., Mushotzky, R., Olling, R. P., Margheim, S., Zenteno, A., Coughlin, J., Cleve, J. E. Van, de Miranda Cardoso, J. Vinícius, Larson, K. A., McCalmont-Everton, K. M., Peterson, C. A., Ross, S. E., Reedy, L. H., Osborne, D., McGinn, C., Kohnert, L., Migliorini, L., Wheaton, A., Spencer, B., Labonde, C., Castillo, G., Beerman, G., Steward, K., Hanley, M., Larsen, R., Gangopadhyay, R., Kloetzel, R., Weschler, T., Nystrom, V., Moffatt, J., Redick, M., Griest, K., Packard, M., Muszynski, M., Kampmeier, J., Bjella, R., Flynn, S., Elsaesser, B., Chambers, K. C., Flewelling, H. A., Huber, M. E., Magnier, E. A., Waters, C. Z., Schultz, A. S. B., Bulger, J., Lowe, T. B., Willman, M., Smartt, S. J., Smith, K. W., Points, S., Strampelli, G. M., Brimacombe, J., Chen, P., Muñoz, J. A., Mutel, R. L., Shields, J., Vallely, P. J., Villanueva, S., Li, W., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Lin, H., Mo, J., Zhao, X., Sai, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, K., Zhang, T., Wang, L., Zhang, J., Baron, E., DerKacy, J. M., Li, L., Chen, Z., Xiang, D., Rui, L., Wang, L., Huang, F., Li, X., Hosseinzadeh, G., Howell, D. A., Arcavi, I., Hiramatsu, D., Burke, J., Valenti, S., Tonry, J. L., Denneau, L., Heinze, A. N., Weiland, H., Stalder, B., Vinkó, J., Sárneczky, K., Pál, A., Bódi, A., Bognár, Zs., Csák, B., Cseh, B., Csörnyei, G., Hanyecz, O., Ignácz, B., Kalup, Cs., Könyves-Tóth, R., Kriskovics, L., Ordasi, A., Rajmon, I., Sódor, A., Szabó, R., Szakáts, R., Zsidi, G., Williams, S. C., Nordin, J., Cartier, R., Frohmaier, C., Galbany, L., Gutiérrez, C. P., Hook, I., Inserra, C., Smith, M., Sand, D. J., Andrews, J. E., Smith, N., and Bilinski, C. K2 Observations of SN 2018oh Reveal a Two-component Rising Light Curve for a Type Ia Supernova. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaedb0.
Dimitriadis, G., Foley, R. J., Rest, A., Kasen, D., Piro, A. L., Polin, A., Jones, D. O., Villar, A., Narayan, G., A. Coulter, D., Kilpatrick, C. D., Pan, Y. -C., Rojas-Bravo, C., Fox, O. D., Jha, S. W., Nugent, P. E., Riess, A. G., Scolnic, D., Drout, M. R., Barentsen, G., Dotson, J., Gully-Santiago, M., Hedges, C., Cody, A. M., Barclay, T., Howell, S., Garnavich, P., Tucker, B. E., Shaya, E., Mushotzky, R., Olling, R. P., Margheim, S., Zenteno, A., Coughlin, J., Cleve, J. E. Van, de Miranda Cardoso, J. Vinícius, Larson, K. A., McCalmont-Everton, K. M., Peterson, C. A., Ross, S. E., Reedy, L. H., Osborne, D., McGinn, C., Kohnert, L., Migliorini, L., Wheaton, A., Spencer, B., Labonde, C., Castillo, G., Beerman, G., Steward, K., Hanley, M., Larsen, R., Gangopadhyay, R., Kloetzel, R., Weschler, T., Nystrom, V., Moffatt, J., Redick, M., Griest, K., Packard, M., Muszynski, M., Kampmeier, J., Bjella, R., Flynn, S., Elsaesser, B., Chambers, K. C., Flewelling, H. A., Huber, M. E., Magnier, E. A., Waters, C. Z., Schultz, A. S. B., Bulger, J., Lowe, T. B., Willman, M., Smartt, S. J., Smith, K. W., Points, S., Strampelli, G. M., Brimacombe, J., Chen, P., Muñoz, J. A., Mutel, R. L., Shields, J., Vallely, P. J., Villanueva, S., Li, W., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Lin, H., Mo, J., Zhao, X., Sai, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, K., Zhang, T., Wang, L., Zhang, J., Baron, E., DerKacy, J. M., Li, L., Chen, Z., Xiang, D., Rui, L., Wang, L., Huang, F., Li, X., Hosseinzadeh, G., Howell, D. A., Arcavi, I., Hiramatsu, D., Burke, J., Valenti, S., Tonry, J. L., Denneau, L., Heinze, A. N., Weiland, H., Stalder, B., Vinkó, J., Sárneczky, K., Pál, A., Bódi, A., Bognár, Zs., Csák, B., Cseh, B., Csörnyei, G., Hanyecz, O., Ignácz, B., Kalup, Cs., Könyves-Tóth, R., Kriskovics, L., Ordasi, A., Rajmon, I., Sódor, A., Szabó, R., Szakáts, R., Zsidi, G., Williams, S. C., Nordin, J., Cartier, R., Frohmaier, C., Galbany, L., Gutiérrez, C. P., Hook, I., Inserra, C., Smith, M., Sand, D. J., Andrews, J. E., Smith, N., & Bilinski, C. K2 Observations of SN 2018oh Reveal a Two-component Rising Light Curve for a Type Ia Supernova. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaedb0
Dimitriadis, G., Foley, R. J., Rest, A., Kasen, D., Piro, A. L., Polin, A., Jones, D. O., Villar, A., Narayan, G., A. Coulter, D., Kilpatrick, C. D., Pan, Y. -C., Rojas-Bravo, C., Fox, O. D., Jha, S. W., Nugent, P. E., Riess, A. G., Scolnic, D., Drout, M. R., Barentsen, G., Dotson, J., Gully-Santiago, M., Hedges, C., Cody, A. M., Barclay, T., Howell, S., Garnavich, P., Tucker, B. E., Shaya, E., Mushotzky, R., Olling, R. P., Margheim, S., Zenteno, A., Coughlin, J., Cleve, J. E. Van, de Miranda Cardoso, J. Vinícius, Larson, K. A., McCalmont-Everton, K. M., Peterson, C. A., Ross, S. E., Reedy, L. H., Osborne, D., McGinn, C., Kohnert, L., Migliorini, L., Wheaton, A., Spencer, B., Labonde, C., Castillo, G., Beerman, G., Steward, K., Hanley, M., Larsen, R., Gangopadhyay, R., Kloetzel, R., Weschler, T., Nystrom, V., Moffatt, J., Redick, M., Griest, K., Packard, M., Muszynski, M., Kampmeier, J., Bjella, R., Flynn, S., Elsaesser, B., Chambers, K. C., Flewelling, H. A., Huber, M. E., Magnier, E. A., Waters, C. Z., Schultz, A. S. B., Bulger, J., Lowe, T. B., Willman, M., Smartt, S. J., Smith, K. W., Points, S., Strampelli, G. M., Brimacombe, J., Chen, P., Muñoz, J. A., Mutel, R. L., Shields, J., Vallely, P. J., Villanueva, S., Li, W., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Lin, H., Mo, J., Zhao, X., Sai, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, K., Zhang, T., Wang, L., Zhang, J., Baron, E., DerKacy, J. M., Li, L., Chen, Z., Xiang, D., Rui, L., Wang, L., Huang, F., Li, X., Hosseinzadeh, G., Howell, D. A., Arcavi, I., Hiramatsu, D., Burke, J., Valenti, S., Tonry, J. L., Denneau, L., Heinze, A. N., Weiland, H., Stalder, B., Vinkó, J., Sárneczky, K., Pál, A., Bódi, A., Bognár, Zs., Csák, B., Cseh, B., Csörnyei, G., Hanyecz, O., Ignácz, B., Kalup, Cs., Könyves-Tóth, R., Kriskovics, L., Ordasi, A., Rajmon, I., Sódor, A., Szabó, R., Szakáts, R., Zsidi, G., Williams, S. C., Nordin, J., Cartier, R., Frohmaier, C., Galbany, L., Gutiérrez, C. P., Hook, I., Inserra, C., Smith, M., Sand, D. J., Andrews, J. E., Smith, N., and Bilinski, C. Fri . "K2 Observations of SN 2018oh Reveal a Two-component Rising Light Curve for a Type Ia Supernova". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaedb0. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1526567.
@article{osti_1526567,
title = {K2 Observations of SN 2018oh Reveal a Two-component Rising Light Curve for a Type Ia Supernova},
author = {Dimitriadis, G. and Foley, R. J. and Rest, A. and Kasen, D. and Piro, A. L. and Polin, A. and Jones, D. O. and Villar, A. and Narayan, G. and A. Coulter, D. and Kilpatrick, C. D. and Pan, Y. -C. and Rojas-Bravo, C. and Fox, O. D. and Jha, S. W. and Nugent, P. E. and Riess, A. G. and Scolnic, D. and Drout, M. R. and Barentsen, G. and Dotson, J. and Gully-Santiago, M. and Hedges, C. and Cody, A. M. and Barclay, T. and Howell, S. and Garnavich, P. and Tucker, B. E. and Shaya, E. and Mushotzky, R. and Olling, R. P. and Margheim, S. and Zenteno, A. and Coughlin, J. and Cleve, J. E. Van and de Miranda Cardoso, J. Vinícius and Larson, K. A. and McCalmont-Everton, K. M. and Peterson, C. A. and Ross, S. E. and Reedy, L. H. and Osborne, D. and McGinn, C. and Kohnert, L. and Migliorini, L. and Wheaton, A. and Spencer, B. and Labonde, C. and Castillo, G. and Beerman, G. and Steward, K. and Hanley, M. and Larsen, R. and Gangopadhyay, R. and Kloetzel, R. and Weschler, T. and Nystrom, V. and Moffatt, J. and Redick, M. and Griest, K. and Packard, M. and Muszynski, M. and Kampmeier, J. and Bjella, R. and Flynn, S. and Elsaesser, B. and Chambers, K. C. and Flewelling, H. A. and Huber, M. E. and Magnier, E. A. and Waters, C. Z. and Schultz, A. S. B. and Bulger, J. and Lowe, T. B. and Willman, M. and Smartt, S. J. and Smith, K. W. and Points, S. and Strampelli, G. M. and Brimacombe, J. and Chen, P. and Muñoz, J. A. and Mutel, R. L. and Shields, J. and Vallely, P. J. and Villanueva, S. and Li, W. and Wang, X. and Zhang, J. and Lin, H. and Mo, J. and Zhao, X. and Sai, H. and Zhang, X. and Zhang, K. and Zhang, T. and Wang, L. and Zhang, J. and Baron, E. and DerKacy, J. M. and Li, L. and Chen, Z. and Xiang, D. and Rui, L. and Wang, L. and Huang, F. and Li, X. and Hosseinzadeh, G. and Howell, D. A. and Arcavi, I. and Hiramatsu, D. and Burke, J. and Valenti, S. and Tonry, J. L. and Denneau, L. and Heinze, A. N. and Weiland, H. and Stalder, B. and Vinkó, J. and Sárneczky, K. and Pál, A. and Bódi, A. and Bognár, Zs. and Csák, B. and Cseh, B. and Csörnyei, G. and Hanyecz, O. and Ignácz, B. and Kalup, Cs. and Könyves-Tóth, R. and Kriskovics, L. and Ordasi, A. and Rajmon, I. and Sódor, A. and Szabó, R. and Szakáts, R. and Zsidi, G. and Williams, S. C. and Nordin, J. and Cartier, R. and Frohmaier, C. and Galbany, L. and Gutiérrez, C. P. and Hook, I. and Inserra, C. and Smith, M. and Sand, D. J. and Andrews, J. E. and Smith, N. and Bilinski, C.},
abstractNote = {We present an exquisite 30 minute cadence Kepler (K2) light curve of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2018oh (ASASSN-18bt), starting weeks before explosion, covering the moment of explosion and the subsequent rise, and continuing past peak brightness. These data are supplemented by multi-color Panoramic Survey Telescope (Pan-STARRS1) and Rapid Response System 1 and Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory 4 m Dark Energy Camera (CTIO 4-m DECam) observations obtained within hours of explosion. The K2 light curve has an unusual two-component shape, where the flux rises with a steep linear gradient for the first few days, followed by a quadratic rise as seen for typical supernovae (SNe) Ia. This "flux excess" relative to canonical SN Ia behavior is confirmed in our i-band light curve, and furthermore, SN 2018oh is especially blue during the early epochs. The flux excess peaks 2.14 ± 0.04 days after explosion, has a FWHM of 3.12 ± 0.04 days, a blackbody temperature of $T = 17,500^{+11,500}_{-9,000}$ K, a peak luminosity of 4.3 ± 0.2 x 1038 erg s-1, and a total integrated energy of 1.27 ± 0.01 x 1043 erg. We compare SN 2018oh to several models that may provide additional heating at early times, including collision with a companion and a shallow concentration of radioactive nickel. While all of these models generally reproduce the early K2 light curve shape, we slightly favor a companion interaction, at a distance of ~ 2 x 1012 based on our early color measurements, although the exact distance depends on the uncertain viewing angle. Additional confirmation of a companion interaction in future modeling and observations of SN 2018oh would provide strong support for a single-degenerate progenitor system.},
doi = {10.3847/2041-8213/aaedb0},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 870,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 28 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Fri Dec 28 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Observational properties of thermonuclear supernovae
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Common envelope to explosion delay time of Type Ia supernovae
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Discovery of a new WZ Sagittae-type cataclysmic variable in the Kepler/K2 data
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The radial distribution of supernovae compared to star formation tracers
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Photometric and Spectroscopic Properties of Type Ia Supernova 2018oh with Early Excess Emission from the Kepler 2 Observations
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ASASSN-18tb: A Most Unusual Type Ia Supernova Observed by TESS and SALT
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The radial distribution of supernovae compared to star formation tracers
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