Nanoporous Polymer Films with a High Cation Transference Number Stabilize Lithium Metal Anodes in Light-Weight Batteries for Electrified Transportation
Abstract
To suppress dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries, high cation transference number electrolytes that reduce electrode polarization are highly desirable, but rarely available using conventional liquid electrolytes. Here, we show that liquid electrolytes increase their cation transference numbers (e.g., ~0.2 to >0.70) when confined to a structurally rigid polymer host whose pores are on a similar length scale (0.5–2 nm) as the Debye screening length in the electrolyte, which results in a diffuse electrolyte double layer at the polymer–electrolyte interface that retains counterions and reject co-ions from the electrolyte due to their larger size. Lithium anodes coated with ~1 μm thick overlayers of the polymer host exhibit both a low area-specific resistance and clear dendrite-suppressing character, as evident from their performance in Li–Li and Li–Cu cells as well as in post-mortem analysis of the anode’s morphology after cycling. High areal capacity Li–S cells (4.9 mg cm–2; 8.2 mAh cm–2) implementing these high transference number polymer-hosted liquid electrolytes were remarkably stable, considering ~24 μm of lithium was electroreversibly deposited in each cycle at a C-rate of 0.2. In conclusion, we further identified a scalable manufacturing path for these polymer-coated lithium electrodes, which are drop-in components for lithium metal battery manufacturing.
- Authors:
-
[3];
[1]
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1507408
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1634042
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2019-3255J
Journal ID: ISSN 1530-6984; 673712
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000; AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nano Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 19; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1530-6984
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 25 ENERGY STORAGE; electrified transportation; High cation transference number; lithium anode protection; lithium−sulfur battery; nanoionics; polymer electrolyte
Citation Formats
Ma, Lin, Fu, Chengyin, Li, Longjun, Mayilvahanan, Karthik S., Watkins, Tylan, Perdue, Brian R., Zavadil, Kevin R., and Helms, Brett A. Nanoporous Polymer Films with a High Cation Transference Number Stabilize Lithium Metal Anodes in Light-Weight Batteries for Electrified Transportation. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05101.
Ma, Lin, Fu, Chengyin, Li, Longjun, Mayilvahanan, Karthik S., Watkins, Tylan, Perdue, Brian R., Zavadil, Kevin R., & Helms, Brett A. Nanoporous Polymer Films with a High Cation Transference Number Stabilize Lithium Metal Anodes in Light-Weight Batteries for Electrified Transportation. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05101
Ma, Lin, Fu, Chengyin, Li, Longjun, Mayilvahanan, Karthik S., Watkins, Tylan, Perdue, Brian R., Zavadil, Kevin R., and Helms, Brett A. Wed .
"Nanoporous Polymer Films with a High Cation Transference Number Stabilize Lithium Metal Anodes in Light-Weight Batteries for Electrified Transportation". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05101. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1507408.
@article{osti_1507408,
title = {Nanoporous Polymer Films with a High Cation Transference Number Stabilize Lithium Metal Anodes in Light-Weight Batteries for Electrified Transportation},
author = {Ma, Lin and Fu, Chengyin and Li, Longjun and Mayilvahanan, Karthik S. and Watkins, Tylan and Perdue, Brian R. and Zavadil, Kevin R. and Helms, Brett A.},
abstractNote = {To suppress dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries, high cation transference number electrolytes that reduce electrode polarization are highly desirable, but rarely available using conventional liquid electrolytes. Here, we show that liquid electrolytes increase their cation transference numbers (e.g., ~0.2 to >0.70) when confined to a structurally rigid polymer host whose pores are on a similar length scale (0.5–2 nm) as the Debye screening length in the electrolyte, which results in a diffuse electrolyte double layer at the polymer–electrolyte interface that retains counterions and reject co-ions from the electrolyte due to their larger size. Lithium anodes coated with ~1 μm thick overlayers of the polymer host exhibit both a low area-specific resistance and clear dendrite-suppressing character, as evident from their performance in Li–Li and Li–Cu cells as well as in post-mortem analysis of the anode’s morphology after cycling. High areal capacity Li–S cells (4.9 mg cm–2; 8.2 mAh cm–2) implementing these high transference number polymer-hosted liquid electrolytes were remarkably stable, considering ~24 μm of lithium was electroreversibly deposited in each cycle at a C-rate of 0.2. In conclusion, we further identified a scalable manufacturing path for these polymer-coated lithium electrodes, which are drop-in components for lithium metal battery manufacturing.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05101},
journal = {Nano Letters},
number = 2,
volume = 19,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 23 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Wed Jan 23 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}
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