Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards

Marchi, C. San; Hecht, E. S.; Ekoto, I. W; Groth, K. M; LaFleur, C.; Somerday, B. P; Mukundan, Rangachary; Rockward, Tommy; Keller, J; James, C. W

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.014

Title: Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards

Abstract

Hydrogen fuels are being deployed around the world as an alternative to traditional petrol and battery technologies. As with all fuels, regulations, codes and standards are a necessary component of the safe deployment of hydrogen technologies. There has been a focused effort in the international hydrogen community to develop codes and standards based on strong scientific principles to accommodate the relatively rapid deployment of hydrogen-energy systems. The need for science-based codes and standards has revealed the need to advance our scientific understanding of hydrogen in engineering environments. Here, this brief review describes research and development activities with emphasis on scientific advances that have aided the advancement of hydrogen regulations, codes and standards for hydrogen technologies in four key areas: (1) the physics of high-pressure hydrogen releases (called hydrogen behavior); (2) quantitative risk assessment; (3) hydrogen compatibility of materials; and (4) hydrogen fuel quality.

Authors:

Marchi, C. San ^[1]; Hecht, E. S. ^[1]; Ekoto, I. W ^[1]; Groth, K. M ^[2]; LaFleur, C. ^[2]; Somerday, B. P ^[1];

^[3];

^[3]; Keller, J ^[4]; James, C. W ^[5]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Zero Carbon Energy Solutions, Inc., Oakland, CA (United States)
Dept. of Energy (DOE), Washington DC (United States). Fuel Cell Technologies Office (FCT)

Publication Date:: Mon Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1481134

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1396472

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-30763
Journal ID: ISSN 0360-3199

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; AC04-94AL85000

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 42; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0360-3199

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 08 HYDROGEN; Energy Sciences; Hydrogen; Safety, codes and standards

Citation Formats


                    Marchi, C. San, Hecht, E. S., Ekoto, I. W, Groth, K. M, LaFleur, C., Somerday, B. P, Mukundan, Rangachary, Rockward, Tommy, Keller, J, and James, C. W. Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.014.

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                    Marchi, C. San, Hecht, E. S., Ekoto, I. W, Groth, K. M, LaFleur, C., Somerday, B. P, Mukundan, Rangachary, Rockward, Tommy, Keller, J, & James, C. W. Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.014

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                    Marchi, C. San, Hecht, E. S., Ekoto, I. W, Groth, K. M, LaFleur, C., Somerday, B. P, Mukundan, Rangachary, Rockward, Tommy, Keller, J, and James, C. W. Mon .  
"Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.014.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1481134.

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@article{osti_1481134,

  title        = {Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards},

  author       = {Marchi, C. San and Hecht, E. S. and Ekoto, I. W and Groth, K. M and LaFleur, C. and Somerday, B. P and Mukundan, Rangachary and Rockward, Tommy and Keller, J and James, C. W},

  abstractNote = {Hydrogen fuels are being deployed around the world as an alternative to traditional petrol and battery technologies. As with all fuels, regulations, codes and standards are a necessary component of the safe deployment of hydrogen technologies. There has been a focused effort in the international hydrogen community to develop codes and standards based on strong scientific principles to accommodate the relatively rapid deployment of hydrogen-energy systems. The need for science-based codes and standards has revealed the need to advance our scientific understanding of hydrogen in engineering environments. Here, this brief review describes research and development activities with emphasis on scientific advances that have aided the advancement of hydrogen regulations, codes and standards for hydrogen technologies in four key areas: (1) the physics of high-pressure hydrogen releases (called hydrogen behavior); (2) quantitative risk assessment; (3) hydrogen compatibility of materials; and (4) hydrogen fuel quality.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.014},

  journal      = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 42,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Mon Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.014

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Similar Records

Title: Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards

Abstract

Citation Formats

Fuel cell systems provide backup power in telecom applications journal, December 2010

Fundamental Equations of State for Parahydrogen, Normal Hydrogen, and Orthohydrogen journal, September 2009

Simulation of small-scale releases from liquid hydrogen storage systems journal, March 2011

Simulation of high-pressure liquid hydrogen releases journal, June 2013

Analytical and experimental investigation of small-scale unintended releases of hydrogen journal, February 2008

Ignitability and mixing of underexpanded hydrogen jets journal, November 2012

The Structure and Concentration Decay of High Pressure Jets of Natural Gas journal, April 1984

Evaluation of Light-Off Limits for a Novel Oxy-Combustion Process for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) journal, May 2013

Evaluation of notional nozzle approaches for CFD simulations of free-shear under-expanded hydrogen jets journal, December 2012

Validation of a reduced-order jet model for subsonic and underexpanded hydrogen jets journal, January 2016

Updated jet flame radiation modeling with buoyancy corrections journal, December 2014

Radiative fraction and optical thickness in large-scale hydrogen-jet fires journal, January 2007

A consideration of methods of determining the radiative characteristics of jet fires journal, March 2012

Effect of Ignition Location, Vent Size, and Obstacles on Vented Explosion Overpressures in Propane-Air Mixtures journal, October 2010

Gas build-up in a domestic property following releases of methane/hydrogen mixtures journal, July 2009

Hydrogen fuel-cell forklift vehicle releases in enclosed spaces journal, June 2013

Challenges to improve confidence level of risk assessment of hydrogen technologies journal, February 2011

Risk-informed process and tools for permitting hydrogen fueling stations journal, July 2009

Quantitative risk assessment on 2010 Expo hydrogen station journal, March 2011

Risk analysis for the infrastructure of a hydrogen economy journal, October 2007

Risk-informed separation distances for hydrogen refueling stations journal, July 2009

Risk modelling of a hydrogen refuelling station using Bayesian network journal, February 2011

Risk assessment by means of Bayesian networks: A comparative study of compressed and liquefied H2 transportation and tank station risks journal, November 2012

Benchmark exercise on risk assessment methods applied to a virtual hydrogen refuelling station journal, February 2011

CFD-based risk assessment for hydrogen applications journal, January 2008

Analysis of hydrogen incidents to support risk assessment journal, September 2011

Releases from hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles in tunnels journal, January 2012

Large-scale hydrogen deflagrations and detonations journal, September 2007

Development of uniform harm criteria for use in quantitative risk analysis of the hydrogen infrastructure journal, February 2011

Fracture and Fatigue Tolerant Steel Pressure Vessels for Gaseous Hydrogen conference, January 2011

Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates for SA-372 Gr. J Steel in 100 MPa Hydrogen Gas Following Article KD-10 conference, January 2014

Fracture and Fatigue of Commercial Grade API Pipeline Steels in Gaseous Hydrogen conference, January 2011

Fracture Resistance and Fatigue Crack Growth of X80 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen conference, May 2012

Elucidating the variables affecting accelerated fatigue crack growth of steels in hydrogen gas with low oxygen concentrations journal, September 2013

The Relationship Between Crack-Tip Strain and Subcritical Cracking Thresholds for Steels in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas journal, November 2012

Measurement of Fracture Properties for Ferritic Steel in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas conference, November 2014

A review of PEM hydrogen fuel cell contamination: Impacts, mechanisms, and mitigation journal, March 2007

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The Effects of Multiple Contaminants on Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal, September 2007

PEMFC Poisoning with H2S: Dependence on Operating Conditions journal, September 2007

Transient behavior of CO poisoning of the anode catalyst layer of a PEM fuel cell journal, September 2006

Experimental and modelling studies of CO poisoning in PEM fuel cells journal, September 2007

Impact of carbon monoxide on PEFC catalyst carbon support degradation under current-cycled operating conditions journal, September 2009

PEMFC Reconfigured Anodes for Enhancing CO Tolerance with Air Bleed journal, January 2004

On-board removal of CO and other impurities in hydrogen for PEM fuel cell applications journal, November 2006

Transient Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide Contamination on the Performance of a PEM Fuel Cell journal, January 2007

Measurement of H[sub 2]S Crossover Rates in Polymer Fuel Cell Membranes Using an Ion-Probe Technique journal, January 2010

Direct observation of individual hydrogen atoms at trapping sites in a ferritic steel journal, March 2017

Fuel cell systems provide backup power in telecom applications
journal, December 2010

Fundamental Equations of State for Parahydrogen, Normal Hydrogen, and Orthohydrogen
journal, September 2009

Simulation of small-scale releases from liquid hydrogen storage systems
journal, March 2011

Simulation of high-pressure liquid hydrogen releases
journal, June 2013

Analytical and experimental investigation of small-scale unintended releases of hydrogen
journal, February 2008

Ignitability and mixing of underexpanded hydrogen jets
journal, November 2012

The Structure and Concentration Decay of High Pressure Jets of Natural Gas
journal, April 1984

Evaluation of Light-Off Limits for a Novel Oxy-Combustion Process for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
journal, May 2013

Evaluation of notional nozzle approaches for CFD simulations of free-shear under-expanded hydrogen jets
journal, December 2012

Validation of a reduced-order jet model for subsonic and underexpanded hydrogen jets
journal, January 2016

Updated jet flame radiation modeling with buoyancy corrections
journal, December 2014

Radiative fraction and optical thickness in large-scale hydrogen-jet fires
journal, January 2007

A consideration of methods of determining the radiative characteristics of jet fires
journal, March 2012

Effect of Ignition Location, Vent Size, and Obstacles on Vented Explosion Overpressures in Propane-Air Mixtures
journal, October 2010

Gas build-up in a domestic property following releases of methane/hydrogen mixtures
journal, July 2009

Hydrogen fuel-cell forklift vehicle releases in enclosed spaces
journal, June 2013

Challenges to improve confidence level of risk assessment of hydrogen technologies
journal, February 2011

Risk-informed process and tools for permitting hydrogen fueling stations
journal, July 2009

Quantitative risk assessment on 2010 Expo hydrogen station
journal, March 2011

Risk analysis for the infrastructure of a hydrogen economy
journal, October 2007

Risk-informed separation distances for hydrogen refueling stations
journal, July 2009

Risk modelling of a hydrogen refuelling station using Bayesian network
journal, February 2011

Risk assessment by means of Bayesian networks: A comparative study of compressed and liquefied H2 transportation and tank station risks
journal, November 2012

Benchmark exercise on risk assessment methods applied to a virtual hydrogen refuelling station
journal, February 2011

CFD-based risk assessment for hydrogen applications
journal, January 2008

Analysis of hydrogen incidents to support risk assessment
journal, September 2011

Releases from hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles in tunnels
journal, January 2012

Large-scale hydrogen deflagrations and detonations
journal, September 2007

Development of uniform harm criteria for use in quantitative risk analysis of the hydrogen infrastructure
journal, February 2011

Fracture and Fatigue Tolerant Steel Pressure Vessels for Gaseous Hydrogen
conference, January 2011

Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates for SA-372 Gr. J Steel in 100 MPa Hydrogen Gas Following Article KD-10
conference, January 2014

Fracture and Fatigue of Commercial Grade API Pipeline Steels in Gaseous Hydrogen
conference, January 2011

Fracture Resistance and Fatigue Crack Growth of X80 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen
conference, May 2012

Elucidating the variables affecting accelerated fatigue crack growth of steels in hydrogen gas with low oxygen concentrations
journal, September 2013

The Relationship Between Crack-Tip Strain and Subcritical Cracking Thresholds for Steels in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas
journal, November 2012

Measurement of Fracture Properties for Ferritic Steel in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas
conference, November 2014

A review of PEM hydrogen fuel cell contamination: Impacts, mechanisms, and mitigation
journal, March 2007

Effect of contaminants on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
journal, June 2011

The Effects of Multiple Contaminants on Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
journal, September 2007

PEMFC Poisoning with H2S: Dependence on Operating Conditions
journal, September 2007

Transient behavior of CO poisoning of the anode catalyst layer of a PEM fuel cell
journal, September 2006

Experimental and modelling studies of CO poisoning in PEM fuel cells
journal, September 2007

Impact of carbon monoxide on PEFC catalyst carbon support degradation under current-cycled operating conditions
journal, September 2009

PEMFC Reconfigured Anodes for Enhancing CO Tolerance with Air Bleed
journal, January 2004

On-board removal of CO and other impurities in hydrogen for PEM fuel cell applications
journal, November 2006

Transient Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide Contamination on the Performance of a PEM Fuel Cell
journal, January 2007

Measurement of H[sub 2]S Crossover Rates in Polymer Fuel Cell Membranes Using an Ion-Probe Technique
journal, January 2010

Direct observation of individual hydrogen atoms at trapping sites in a ferritic steel
journal, March 2017