Real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic system degradation only using maximum power point—the Suns‐Vmp method

Sun, Xingshu; Chavali, Raghu Vamsi Krishna; Alam, Muhammad Ashraful

doi:10.1002/pip.3043

Title: Real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic system degradation only using maximum power point—the Suns‐Vmp method

Abstract

Abstract The uncertainties associated with technology‐specific and geography‐specific degradation rates make it difficult to calculate the levelized cost of energy, and thus the economic viability of solar energy. In this regard, millions of fielded photovoltaic modules may serve as a global testbed, where we can interpret the routinely collected time series maximum power point (MPP) data to assess the time‐dependent “health” of solar modules. The existing characterization methods, however, cannot effectively mine/decode these datasets to identify various degradation pathways. In this paper, we propose a new methodology called the Suns‐Vmp method , which offers a simple yet powerful approach to monitoring and diagnosing time‐dependent degradation of solar modules by using the MPP data. The algorithm reconstructs “IV” curves by using the natural illumination‐dependent and temperature‐dependent daily MPP characteristics as constraints to fit physics‐based circuit models. These synthetic IV characteristics are then used to determine the time‐dependent evolution of circuit parameters (eg, series resistance), which in turn allows one to deduce the dominant degradation modes (eg, solder bond failure) of solar modules. The proposed method has been applied to a test facility at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Our analysis indicates that the solar modules degraded at a rate of ~0.7%/yearmore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Alam, Muhammad Ashraful ^[1]

Network of Photovoltaic Technology Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Publication Date:: Thu Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1461901

Resource Type:: Publisher's Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Progress in Photovoltaics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Progress in Photovoltaics Journal Volume: 27 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1062-7995

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Sun, Xingshu, Chavali, Raghu Vamsi Krishna, and Alam, Muhammad Ashraful. Real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic system degradation only using maximum power point—the Suns‐Vmp method.  United Kingdom: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1002/pip.3043.

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                    Sun, Xingshu, Chavali, Raghu Vamsi Krishna, & Alam, Muhammad Ashraful. Real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic system degradation only using maximum power point—the Suns‐Vmp method.  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3043

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                    Sun, Xingshu, Chavali, Raghu Vamsi Krishna, and Alam, Muhammad Ashraful. Thu .  
"Real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic system degradation only using maximum power point—the Suns‐Vmp method".  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3043.

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@article{osti_1461901,

  title        = {Real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic system degradation only using maximum power point—the Suns‐Vmp method},

  author       = {Sun, Xingshu and Chavali, Raghu Vamsi Krishna and Alam, Muhammad Ashraful},

  abstractNote = {Abstract The uncertainties associated with technology‐specific and geography‐specific degradation rates make it difficult to calculate the levelized cost of energy, and thus the economic viability of solar energy. In this regard, millions of fielded photovoltaic modules may serve as a global testbed, where we can interpret the routinely collected time series maximum power point (MPP) data to assess the time‐dependent “health” of solar modules. The existing characterization methods, however, cannot effectively mine/decode these datasets to identify various degradation pathways. In this paper, we propose a new methodology called the Suns‐Vmp method , which offers a simple yet powerful approach to monitoring and diagnosing time‐dependent degradation of solar modules by using the MPP data. The algorithm reconstructs “IV” curves by using the natural illumination‐dependent and temperature‐dependent daily MPP characteristics as constraints to fit physics‐based circuit models. These synthetic IV characteristics are then used to determine the time‐dependent evolution of circuit parameters (eg, series resistance), which in turn allows one to deduce the dominant degradation modes (eg, solder bond failure) of solar modules. The proposed method has been applied to a test facility at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Our analysis indicates that the solar modules degraded at a rate of ~0.7%/year because of discoloration and weakened solder bonds. These conclusions are validated by independent outdoor IV measurements and on‐site imaging characterization. Integrated with physics‐based degradation models or machine learning algorithms, the method can also serve to predict the lifetime of photovoltaic systems.},

  doi          = {10.1002/pip.3043},

  journal      = {Progress in Photovoltaics},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 27,

  place        = {United Kingdom},

  year         = {Thu Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Thu Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Title: Real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic system degradation only using maximum power point—the Suns‐Vmp method

Abstract

Citation Formats

Thermal and Electrical Effects of Partial Shade in Monolithic Thin-Film Photovoltaic Modules journal, November 2015

PV module performance at PG&E conference, January 1988

Degradation science: Mesoscopic evolution and temporal analytics of photovoltaic energy materials journal, August 2015

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Generalized analysis of quasi-steady-state and transient decay open circuit voltage measurements journal, January 2002

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Spatially resolved series resistance of silicon solar cells obtained from luminescence imaging journal, February 2007

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Elucidating PID Degradation Mechanisms and In Situ Dark I–V Monitoring for Modeling Degradation Rate in CdTe Thin-Film Modules journal, November 2016

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Modeling of rates of moisture ingress into photovoltaic modules journal, October 2006

The Frozen Potential Approach to Separate the Photocurrent and Diode Injection Current in Solar Cells journal, May 2015

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A physics-based compact model for CIGS and CdTe solar cells: From voltage-dependent carrier collection to light-enhanced reverse breakdown conference, June 2015

Improved PV performance modelling by combining the PV_LIB toolbox with the Loss Factors Model (LFM) conference, June 2015

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Visual Degradation in Field-Aged Crystalline Silicon PV Modules in India and Correlation With Electrical Degradation journal, November 2014

Potential-Induced Degradation (PID): Introduction of a Novel Test Approach and Explanation of Increased Depletion Region Recombination journal, May 2014

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From Process to Modules: End-to-End Modeling of CSS-Deposited CdTe Solar Cells journal, May 2014

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Thermal and Electrical Effects of Partial Shade in Monolithic Thin-Film Photovoltaic Modules
journal, November 2015

PV module performance at PG&E
conference, January 1988

Degradation science: Mesoscopic evolution and temporal analytics of photovoltaic energy materials
journal, August 2015

Ultraviolet light test and evaluation methods for encapsulants of photovoltaic modules
journal, February 2010

Generalized analysis of quasi-steady-state and transient decay open circuit voltage measurements
journal, January 2002

A Framework for Process-to-Module Modeling of a-Si/c-Si (HIT) Heterojunction Solar Cells to Investigate the Cell-to-Module Efficiency Gap
journal, July 2016

Spatially resolved series resistance of silicon solar cells obtained from luminescence imaging
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Potential-induced degradation in photovoltaic modules: a critical review
journal, January 2017

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journal, November 2016

Explanation of potential-induced degradation of the shunting type by Na decoration of stacking faults in Si solar cells
journal, January 2014

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journal, May 2014

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journal, February 2016

Potential Induced Degradation of solar cells and panels
conference, June 2010

Modeling of rates of moisture ingress into photovoltaic modules
journal, October 2006

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journal, May 2015

Interface degradation of perovskite solar cells and its modification using an annealing-free TiO2 NPs layer
journal, March 2016

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conference, June 2015

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journal, June 2008

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journal, November 2014

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journal, May 2014

Universal statistics of parasitic shunt formation in solar cells, and its implications for cell to module efficiency gap
journal, January 2013

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journal, May 2014

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journal, November 2015

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journal, January 2014

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journal, July 2015

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conference, May 2008

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journal, December 1983

Degradations of silicon photovoltaic modules: A literature review
journal, October 2013

Performance and Aging of a 20-Year-Old Silicon PV System
journal, May 2015

The Dark Horse of Evaluating Long-Term Field Performance—Data Filtering
journal, January 2014

Solder Joint Failure Modes in the Conventional Crystalline Si Module
journal, January 2014

Device physics underlying silicon heterojunction and passivating-contact solar cells: A topical review
journal, January 2018

A compact physical model for morphology induced intrinsic degradation of organic bulk heterojunction solar cell
journal, July 2011

A Nonrelational Data Warehouse for the Analysis of Field and Laboratory Data From Multiple Heterogeneous Photovoltaic Test Sites
journal, January 2017

Origin of damp-heat induced cell degradation
journal, September 2013

A Physics-Based Analytical Model for Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, September 2015

A modeling framework for potential induced degradation in PV modules
conference, September 2015

Silicon Heterojunction System Field Performance
journal, January 2018

Improving the PV Module Single-Diode Model Accuracy with Temperature Dependence of the Series Resistance
conference, June 2017

A Generalized Theory Explains the Anomalous Suns– $V_{{\rm{oc}}}$ Response of Si Heterojunction Solar Cells
journal, January 2017

Performance Stabilization of CdTe PV Modules Using Bias and Light
journal, January 2015

Universality of non-Ohmic shunt leakage in thin-film solar cells
journal, December 2010

Physics-Based computational modeling of moisture ingress in solar modules: Location-specific corrosion and delamination
conference, June 2016