Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands

Salpage, Sahan R.; Lanzetta, Ronald C.; Zhou, Yan; Wang, Jamie C.; Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.; Hanson, Kenneth

doi:10.1039/C8CC03371D

Title: Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands

Abstract

Photo-induced electron transfer to an irreversibly electroactive ligand is introduced as a novel method for separating meta ions.

Authors:

Salpage, Sahan R. ^[1]; Lanzetta, Ronald C. ^[1]; Zhou, Yan ^[1];

^[1]; Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. ^[1];

^[1]

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA

Publication Date:: Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2018

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1456256

Grant/Contract Number:: DESC0016568

Resource Type:: Publisher's Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: ChemComm

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: ChemComm Journal Volume: 54 Journal Issue: 54; Journal ID: ISSN 1359-7345

Publisher:: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Salpage, Sahan R., Lanzetta, Ronald C., Zhou, Yan, Wang, Jamie C., Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E., and Hanson, Kenneth. Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands.  United Kingdom: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1039/C8CC03371D.

Copy to clipboard


                    Salpage, Sahan R., Lanzetta, Ronald C., Zhou, Yan, Wang, Jamie C., Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E., & Hanson, Kenneth. Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands.  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CC03371D

Copy to clipboard


                    Salpage, Sahan R., Lanzetta, Ronald C., Zhou, Yan, Wang, Jamie C., Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E., and Hanson, Kenneth. Mon .  
"Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands".  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CC03371D.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1456256,

  title        = {Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands},

  author       = {Salpage, Sahan R. and Lanzetta, Ronald C. and Zhou, Yan and Wang, Jamie C. and Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. and Hanson, Kenneth},

  abstractNote = {Photo-induced electron transfer to an irreversibly electroactive ligand is introduced as a novel method for separating meta ions.},

  doi          = {10.1039/C8CC03371D},

  journal      = {ChemComm},

  number       = 54,

  volume       = 54,

  place        = {United Kingdom},

  year         = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CC03371D

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 1 work

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Light-induced reduction of rhodium(III) and palladium(II) on titanium dioxide dispersions and the selective photochemical separation and recovery of gold(III), platinum(IV), and rhodium(III) in chloride media
journal, December 1986

Borgarello, Enrico; Serpone, Nick; Emo, Gary
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 25, Issue 25
DOI: 10.1021/ic00245a010

Ultrafast Nonadiabatic Dynamics of [Fe ^II (bpy) ₃ ] ²⁺ in Solution
journal, July 2007

Gawelda, Wojciech; Cannizzo, Andrea; Pham, Van-Thai
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 129, Issue 26
DOI: 10.1021/ja070454x

Complexes of the Ruthenium(II)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine Family. Effect of Electron-Accepting and -Donating Substituents on the Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties
journal, May 1995

Maestri, Mauro; Armaroli, Nicola; Balzani, Vincenzo
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 34, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1021/ic00114a039

Kinetics of Fluorescence Quenching by Electron and H-Atom Transfer
journal, January 1970

Rehm, Dieter; Weller, Albert
Israel Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 8, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1002/ijch.197000029

Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis with Transition Metal Complexes: Applications in Organic Synthesis
journal, March 2013

Prier, Christopher K.; Rankic, Danica A.; MacMillan, David W. C.
Chemical Reviews, Vol. 113, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/cr300503r

One-step electrochemical modification of carbon nanotubes by ruthenium complexes via new diazonium salts
journal, September 2008

Jousselme, Bruno; Bidan, Gérard; Billon, Martial
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 621, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.01.026

Photocatalytic Arylation of Alkenes, Alkynes and Enones with Diazonium Salts
journal, April 2012

Schroll, Peter; Hari, Durga Prasad; König, Burkhard
ChemistryOpen, Vol. 1, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1002/open.201200011

The Photocatalyzed Meerwein Arylation: Classic Reaction of Aryl Diazonium Salts in a New Light
journal, April 2013

Hari, Durga Prasad; König, Burkhard
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 52, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201210276

Photochemical recycling of europium from Eu/Y mixtures in red lamp phosphor waste streams
journal, January 2015

Van den Bogaert, Bart; Havaux, Daphné; Binnemans, Koen
Green Chemistry, Vol. 17, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1039/C4GC02140A

Sensitized Photografting of Diazonium Salts by Visible Light.
journal, December 2012

Bouriga, Meriem; Chehimi, Mohamed M.; Combellas, Catherine
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1021/cm3032994

Electrochemical reduction of actinide ions in aqueous solution: Applications to separations and some intermetallic compound synthesis
journal, December 1990

David, F.; Maslennikov, A. G.; Peretrukhin, V. P.
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles, Vol. 143, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1007/BF02039610

DNA Photocleavage by Non-innocent Ligand-Based Ru(II) Complexes
journal, April 2016

Zhang, Yangyang; Zhou, Qianxiong; Zheng, Yue
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 55, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00028

Electronic and Light-Emitting Properties of Some Polyimides Based on Bis(2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridine) Ruthenium(II) Complex
journal, April 1999

Ng, Wai Yue; Gong, Xiong; Chan, Wai Kin
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1021/cm981142j

Visible Light Mediated Photoredox Catalytic Arylation Reactions
journal, August 2016

Ghosh, Indrajit; Marzo, Leyre; Das, Amrita
Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 49, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00229

Development of an electrically switched ion exchange process for selective ion separations
journal, May 1999

Rassat, S. D.; Sukamto, J. H.; Orth, R. J.
Separation and Purification Technology, Vol. 15, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5866(98)00102-6

Photochemical separation of europium from lanthanide mixtures in aqueous solution
journal, December 1977

Donohue, Terence
The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 67, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1063/1.434656

Hydrophilic Clicked 2,6-Bis-triazolyl-pyridines Endowed with High Actinide Selectivity and Radiochemical Stability: Toward a Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle
journal, May 2016

Macerata, Elena; Mossini, Eros; Scaravaggi, Stefano
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 23
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03106

Liquid chromatography: a tool for the analysis of metal species
journal, July 1999

Sarzanini, Corrado
Journal of Chromatography A, Vol. 850, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00437-9

Electrochemical membrane reactor: In situ separation and recovery of chromic acid and metal ions
journal, August 2007

Khan, Jeeshan; Tripathi, Bijay P.; Saxena, Arunima
Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, Issue 24
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.04.085

Bis[4′-(4-anilino)-2,2′∶6′,2″- terpyridine]transition-metal complexes: electrochemically active monomers with a range of magnetic and optical properties for assembly of metallo oligomers and macromolecules
journal, January 1997

Storrier, Gregory D.; Colbran, Stephen B.; Craig, Donald C.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, Issue 17
DOI: 10.1039/a702778h

The thermal decomposition of diazonium salts: evidence for the formation of radical intermediates (1,2)
journal, January 1963

Abramovitch, R. A.; Hymers, W. A.; Rajan, J. B.
Tetrahedron Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 23
DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)90862-7

Ru(II) polypyridine complexes: photophysics, photochemistry, eletrochemistry, and chemiluminescence
journal, March 1988

Juris, A.; Balzani, V.; Barigelletti, F.
Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 84
DOI: 10.1016/0010-8545(88)80032-8

A versatile route for surface modification of carbon, metals and semi-conductors by diazonium salt-initiated photopolymerization
journal, November 2011

Gam-Derouich, Sarra; Mahouche-Chergui, Samia; Turmine, Mireille
Surface Science, Vol. 605, Issue 21-22
DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2011.06.029

Colorimetric detection and determination of Fe(III), Co(II), Cu(II) and Sn(II) in aqueous media by acrylic polymers with pendant terpyridine motifs
journal, April 2016

Trigo-López, Miriam; Muñoz, Asunción; Ibeas, Saturnino
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Vol. 226
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2015.11.116

Surface Grafting of Ru(II) Diazonium-Based Sensitizers on Metal Oxides Enhances Alkaline Stability for Solar Energy Conversion
journal, January 2018

Bangle, Rachel; Sampaio, Renato N.; Troian-Gautier, Ludovic
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 10, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16641

Photochemical separation of metals in aqueous solution
journal, May 1977

Donohue, Terence
Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 48, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(77)80228-5

Towards longer-lived metal-to-ligand charge transfer states of iron(ii) complexes: an N-heterocyclic carbene approach
journal, January 2013

Liu, Yizhu; Harlang, Tobias; Canton, Sophie E.
Chemical Communications, Vol. 49, Issue 57
DOI: 10.1039/c3cc43833c

Fe-promoted radical cyanomethylation/arylation of arylacrylamides to access oxindoles via cleavage of the sp ³ C–H of acetonitrile and the sp ² C–H of the phenyl group
journal, January 2015

Pan, Changduo; Zhang, Honglin; Zhu, Chengjian
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Vol. 13, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1039/C4OB02172J

Laser Purification of the Rare Earths
journal, April 1979

Donohue, Terence
Optical Engineering, Vol. 18, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1117/12.7972347

Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review
journal, March 2011

Fu, Fenglian; Wang, Qi
Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 92, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.011

Advanced material and approach for metal ions removal from aqueous solutions
journal, March 2015

Turhanen, Petri A.; Vepsäläinen, Jouko J.; Peräniemi, Sirpa
Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/srep08992

A New Class of Functionalized Terpyridyl Ligands as Building Blocks for Photosensitized Supramolecular Architectures. Synthesis, Structural, and Electronic Characterizations
journal, February 2002

Lainé, Philippe; Bedioui, Fethi; Ochsenbein, Philippe
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 124, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/ja011069p

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands

Journal Article Salpage, Sahan R. ; Lanzetta, Ronald C. ; Zhou, Yan ; ... - ChemComm

Photo-induced electron transfer to an irreversibly electroactive ligand is introduced as a novel method for separating meta ions.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cc03371d
An equilibrium model for ligand-modified micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration. Selective separation of metal ions using iminoacetic substituted polyamines and a theoretical model for the titration behavior of polyamines

Thesis/Dissertation Dharmawardana, Udeni Rajaratna

This thesis consists of three chapters. Chapter 1, An equilibrium model for ligand-modified micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration, describes a theoretical model and experimental investigations which used the semi-equilibrium-dialysis method with N-n-dodecyl iminodiacetic acid as the ligand. In Chapter 2, Selective separation of metal ions using iminoacetic substituted polyamines, polyamines with a substituted ligand group are synthesized and used in investigating selective separation of copper ions from aqueous solution. In Chapter 3, A theoretical model for the titration behavior of polyamines, a novel approach to explain the titration behavior of polymeric amines based on the binding behavior of counterions is described. The applicationmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/10146348

Full Text Available
Materials for Electroactive Ion-Exchange (EaIX) Separations of Pertechnetate Ion

Conference Stender, Matthias ; Hubler, Timothy L ; Alhoshan, Mansour ; ...

Many contaminants of interest to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) exist as anions (e.g. chromate, pertechnetate and nitrate). The objective of this study is to develop Electroactive Ion-Exchange (EaIX) materials. Such materials can be used to separate pertechnetate ion from radioactive wastes located at DOE sites while limiting the amount of secondary wastes generated. We have developed a synthetic strategy to prepare vinyl-bipyridyl and -terpyridyl ligands which allow incorporation of ion-selective architectures with a polymerizable handle. Fe complexes formed with these ligands provide the working core of the electroactive polymers. The polymers can be directly used as materials formore »« less
Full Text Available
Ligand-Dependent Energetics for Dehydrogenation: Implications in Li-Ion Battery Electrolyte Stability and Selective Oxidation Catalysis of Hydrogen-Containing Molecules

Journal Article Giordano, Livia ; Østergaard, Thomas M. ; Muy, Sokseiha ; ... - Chemistry of Materials

The hydrogen adsorption energetics on the surface of inorganic compounds can be used to predict electrolyte stability in Li-ion batteries and catalytic activity for selective oxidation of small molecules such as H₂ and CH₄. Using first-principles density functional theory (DFT), the hydrogen adsorption was found to be unfavorable on high-band-gap insulators, which could be attributed to a lower energy level associated with adsorbed hydrogen relative to the bottom of the conduction band. In contrast, the hydrogen adsorption was shown to be the most favorable on metallic and semiconducting compounds, which results from an electron transfer from adsorbed hydrogen to themore »« less
Cited by 26
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b00767

Full Text Available
New Proton-Ionizable, Calixarene-Based Ligands for Selective Metal Ion Separations

Technical Report Bartsch, Richard A.

The project objective was the discovery of new ligands for performing metal ion separations. The research effort entailed the preparation of new metal ion complexing agents and polymers and their evaluation in metal ion separation processes of solvent extraction, synthetic liquid membrane transport, and sorption. Structural variations in acyclic, cyclic, and bicyclic organic ligands were used to probe their influence upon the efficiency and selectivity with which metal ion separations can be performed. A unifying feature of the ligand structures is the presence of one (or more) side arm with a pendent acidic function. When a metal ion is complexedmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1041406

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Wavelength selective separation of metal ions using electroactive ligands

Abstract

Citation Formats

Light-induced reduction of rhodium(III) and palladium(II) on titanium dioxide dispersions and the selective photochemical separation and recovery of gold(III), platinum(IV), and rhodium(III) in chloride media journal, December 1986

Ultrafast Nonadiabatic Dynamics of [Fe II (bpy) 3 ] 2+ in Solution journal, July 2007

Complexes of the Ruthenium(II)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine Family. Effect of Electron-Accepting and -Donating Substituents on the Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties journal, May 1995

Kinetics of Fluorescence Quenching by Electron and H-Atom Transfer journal, January 1970

Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis with Transition Metal Complexes: Applications in Organic Synthesis journal, March 2013

One-step electrochemical modification of carbon nanotubes by ruthenium complexes via new diazonium salts journal, September 2008

Photocatalytic Arylation of Alkenes, Alkynes and Enones with Diazonium Salts journal, April 2012

The Photocatalyzed Meerwein Arylation: Classic Reaction of Aryl Diazonium Salts in a New Light journal, April 2013

Photochemical recycling of europium from Eu/Y mixtures in red lamp phosphor waste streams journal, January 2015

Sensitized Photografting of Diazonium Salts by Visible Light. journal, December 2012

Electrochemical reduction of actinide ions in aqueous solution: Applications to separations and some intermetallic compound synthesis journal, December 1990

DNA Photocleavage by Non-innocent Ligand-Based Ru(II) Complexes journal, April 2016

Electronic and Light-Emitting Properties of Some Polyimides Based on Bis(2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridine) Ruthenium(II) Complex journal, April 1999

Visible Light Mediated Photoredox Catalytic Arylation Reactions journal, August 2016

Development of an electrically switched ion exchange process for selective ion separations journal, May 1999

Photochemical separation of europium from lanthanide mixtures in aqueous solution journal, December 1977

Hydrophilic Clicked 2,6-Bis-triazolyl-pyridines Endowed with High Actinide Selectivity and Radiochemical Stability: Toward a Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle journal, May 2016

Liquid chromatography: a tool for the analysis of metal species journal, July 1999

Electrochemical membrane reactor: In situ separation and recovery of chromic acid and metal ions journal, August 2007

Bis[4′-(4-anilino)-2,2′∶6′,2″- terpyridine]transition-metal complexes: electrochemically active monomers with a range of magnetic and optical properties for assembly of metallo oligomers and macromolecules journal, January 1997

The thermal decomposition of diazonium salts: evidence for the formation of radical intermediates (1,2) journal, January 1963

Ru(II) polypyridine complexes: photophysics, photochemistry, eletrochemistry, and chemiluminescence journal, March 1988

A versatile route for surface modification of carbon, metals and semi-conductors by diazonium salt-initiated photopolymerization journal, November 2011

Colorimetric detection and determination of Fe(III), Co(II), Cu(II) and Sn(II) in aqueous media by acrylic polymers with pendant terpyridine motifs journal, April 2016

Surface Grafting of Ru(II) Diazonium-Based Sensitizers on Metal Oxides Enhances Alkaline Stability for Solar Energy Conversion journal, January 2018

Photochemical separation of metals in aqueous solution journal, May 1977

Towards longer-lived metal-to-ligand charge transfer states of iron(ii) complexes: an N-heterocyclic carbene approach journal, January 2013

Fe-promoted radical cyanomethylation/arylation of arylacrylamides to access oxindoles via cleavage of the sp 3 C–H of acetonitrile and the sp 2 C–H of the phenyl group journal, January 2015

Laser Purification of the Rare Earths journal, April 1979

Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review journal, March 2011

Advanced material and approach for metal ions removal from aqueous solutions journal, March 2015

A New Class of Functionalized Terpyridyl Ligands as Building Blocks for Photosensitized Supramolecular Architectures. Synthesis, Structural, and Electronic Characterizations journal, February 2002

Light-induced reduction of rhodium(III) and palladium(II) on titanium dioxide dispersions and the selective photochemical separation and recovery of gold(III), platinum(IV), and rhodium(III) in chloride media
journal, December 1986

Ultrafast Nonadiabatic Dynamics of [Fe ^II (bpy) ₃ ] ²⁺ in Solution
journal, July 2007

Complexes of the Ruthenium(II)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine Family. Effect of Electron-Accepting and -Donating Substituents on the Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties
journal, May 1995

Kinetics of Fluorescence Quenching by Electron and H-Atom Transfer
journal, January 1970

Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis with Transition Metal Complexes: Applications in Organic Synthesis
journal, March 2013

One-step electrochemical modification of carbon nanotubes by ruthenium complexes via new diazonium salts
journal, September 2008

Photocatalytic Arylation of Alkenes, Alkynes and Enones with Diazonium Salts
journal, April 2012

The Photocatalyzed Meerwein Arylation: Classic Reaction of Aryl Diazonium Salts in a New Light
journal, April 2013

Photochemical recycling of europium from Eu/Y mixtures in red lamp phosphor waste streams
journal, January 2015

Sensitized Photografting of Diazonium Salts by Visible Light.
journal, December 2012

Electrochemical reduction of actinide ions in aqueous solution: Applications to separations and some intermetallic compound synthesis
journal, December 1990

DNA Photocleavage by Non-innocent Ligand-Based Ru(II) Complexes
journal, April 2016

Electronic and Light-Emitting Properties of Some Polyimides Based on Bis(2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridine) Ruthenium(II) Complex
journal, April 1999

Visible Light Mediated Photoredox Catalytic Arylation Reactions
journal, August 2016

Development of an electrically switched ion exchange process for selective ion separations
journal, May 1999

Photochemical separation of europium from lanthanide mixtures in aqueous solution
journal, December 1977

Hydrophilic Clicked 2,6-Bis-triazolyl-pyridines Endowed with High Actinide Selectivity and Radiochemical Stability: Toward a Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle
journal, May 2016

Liquid chromatography: a tool for the analysis of metal species
journal, July 1999

Electrochemical membrane reactor: In situ separation and recovery of chromic acid and metal ions
journal, August 2007

Bis[4′-(4-anilino)-2,2′∶6′,2″- terpyridine]transition-metal complexes: electrochemically active monomers with a range of magnetic and optical properties for assembly of metallo oligomers and macromolecules
journal, January 1997

The thermal decomposition of diazonium salts: evidence for the formation of radical intermediates (1,2)
journal, January 1963

Ru(II) polypyridine complexes: photophysics, photochemistry, eletrochemistry, and chemiluminescence
journal, March 1988

A versatile route for surface modification of carbon, metals and semi-conductors by diazonium salt-initiated photopolymerization
journal, November 2011

Colorimetric detection and determination of Fe(III), Co(II), Cu(II) and Sn(II) in aqueous media by acrylic polymers with pendant terpyridine motifs
journal, April 2016

Surface Grafting of Ru(II) Diazonium-Based Sensitizers on Metal Oxides Enhances Alkaline Stability for Solar Energy Conversion
journal, January 2018

Photochemical separation of metals in aqueous solution
journal, May 1977

Towards longer-lived metal-to-ligand charge transfer states of iron(ii) complexes: an N-heterocyclic carbene approach
journal, January 2013

Fe-promoted radical cyanomethylation/arylation of arylacrylamides to access oxindoles via cleavage of the sp ³ C–H of acetonitrile and the sp ² C–H of the phenyl group
journal, January 2015

Laser Purification of the Rare Earths
journal, April 1979

Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review
journal, March 2011

Advanced material and approach for metal ions removal from aqueous solutions
journal, March 2015

A New Class of Functionalized Terpyridyl Ligands as Building Blocks for Photosensitized Supramolecular Architectures. Synthesis, Structural, and Electronic Characterizations
journal, February 2002