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Title: Ecologically Driven Ultrastructural and Hydrodynamic Designs in Stomatopod Cuticles

Abstract

Ecological pressures and varied feeding behaviors in a multitude of organ-isms have necessitated the drive for adaptation. One such change is seen in the feeding appendages of stomatopods, a group of highly predatory marine crustaceans. Stomatopods include “spearers,” who ambush and snare soft bodied prey, and “smashers,” who bludgeon hard-shelled prey with a heavily mineralized club. The regional substructural complexity of the stomatopod dactyl club from the smashing predator Odontodactylus scyllarus represents a model system in the study of impact tolerant biominerals. The club consists of a highly mineralized impact region, a characteristic Bouligand architec-ture (common to arthropods), and a unique section of the club, the striated region, composed of highly aligned sheets of mineralized fibers. Detailed ultrastructural investigations of the striated region within O. scyllarus and a related species of spearing stomatopod, Lysiosquillina maculate show consistent organization of mineral and organic, but distinct differences in macro-scale architecture. Evidence is provided for the function and substructural exaptation of the striated region, which facilitated redeployment of a rapto-rial feeding appendage as a biological hammer. Furthermore, given the need to accelerate underwater and “grab” or “smash” their prey, the spearer and smasher appendages are specifically designed with a significantly reduced drag force.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
  2. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States); Univ. Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
  3. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  4. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1436264
Report Number(s):
BNL-203618-2018-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 0935-9648
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0012704
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Advanced Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 30; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher:
Wiley
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; biominerals; composites; impact; toughness; ultrastructure

Citation Formats

Grunenfelder, Lessa Kay, Milliron, Garrett, Herrera, Steven, Gallana, Isaias, Yaraghi, Nicholas, Hughes, Nigel, Evans-Lutterodt, Kenneth, Zavattieri, Pablo, and Kisailus, David. Ecologically Driven Ultrastructural and Hydrodynamic Designs in Stomatopod Cuticles. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1002/adma.201705295.
Grunenfelder, Lessa Kay, Milliron, Garrett, Herrera, Steven, Gallana, Isaias, Yaraghi, Nicholas, Hughes, Nigel, Evans-Lutterodt, Kenneth, Zavattieri, Pablo, & Kisailus, David. Ecologically Driven Ultrastructural and Hydrodynamic Designs in Stomatopod Cuticles. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705295
Grunenfelder, Lessa Kay, Milliron, Garrett, Herrera, Steven, Gallana, Isaias, Yaraghi, Nicholas, Hughes, Nigel, Evans-Lutterodt, Kenneth, Zavattieri, Pablo, and Kisailus, David. Tue . "Ecologically Driven Ultrastructural and Hydrodynamic Designs in Stomatopod Cuticles". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705295. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1436264.
@article{osti_1436264,
title = {Ecologically Driven Ultrastructural and Hydrodynamic Designs in Stomatopod Cuticles},
author = {Grunenfelder, Lessa Kay and Milliron, Garrett and Herrera, Steven and Gallana, Isaias and Yaraghi, Nicholas and Hughes, Nigel and Evans-Lutterodt, Kenneth and Zavattieri, Pablo and Kisailus, David},
abstractNote = {Ecological pressures and varied feeding behaviors in a multitude of organ-isms have necessitated the drive for adaptation. One such change is seen in the feeding appendages of stomatopods, a group of highly predatory marine crustaceans. Stomatopods include “spearers,” who ambush and snare soft bodied prey, and “smashers,” who bludgeon hard-shelled prey with a heavily mineralized club. The regional substructural complexity of the stomatopod dactyl club from the smashing predator Odontodactylus scyllarus represents a model system in the study of impact tolerant biominerals. The club consists of a highly mineralized impact region, a characteristic Bouligand architec-ture (common to arthropods), and a unique section of the club, the striated region, composed of highly aligned sheets of mineralized fibers. Detailed ultrastructural investigations of the striated region within O. scyllarus and a related species of spearing stomatopod, Lysiosquillina maculate show consistent organization of mineral and organic, but distinct differences in macro-scale architecture. Evidence is provided for the function and substructural exaptation of the striated region, which facilitated redeployment of a rapto-rial feeding appendage as a biological hammer. Furthermore, given the need to accelerate underwater and “grab” or “smash” their prey, the spearer and smasher appendages are specifically designed with a significantly reduced drag force.},
doi = {10.1002/adma.201705295},
journal = {Advanced Materials},
number = 9,
volume = 30,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 16 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Tue Jan 16 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}

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Cited by: 39 works
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Stomatopods are divided into two groups based on the structure of their feeding appendage. The structure of the dactyl from the second maxilliped enables the identification of: A) a bulbous hammer from the smasher O. scyllarus and B) a harpoon-like raptorial appendage from the spearer L. maculate.

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