Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV

Anticic, T.; Baatar, B.; Bartke, J.; Beck, H.; Betev, L.; Białkowska, H.; Blume, C.; Bogusz, M.; Boimska, B.; Book, J.; Botje, M.; Bunčić, P.; Cetner, T.; Christakoglou, P.; Chvala, O.; Cramer, J.; Eckardt, V.; Fodor, Z.; Foka, P.; Friese, V.; Gaździcki, M.; Grebieszkow, K.; Höhne, C.; Kadija, K.; Karev, A.; Kolesnikov, V. I.; Kowalski, M.; Kresan, D.; Laszlo, A.; van Leeuwen, M.; Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M.; Makariev, M.; Malakhov, A. I.; Mateev, M.; Melkumov, G. L.; Mitrovski, M.; Mrówczyński, St.; Pálla, G.; Panagiotou, A. D.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Prindle, D.; Pühlhofer, F.; Renfordt, R.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rustamov, A.; Rybczyński, M.; Rybicki, A.; Sandoval, A.; Schmitz, N.; Schuster, T.; Seyboth, P.; Siklér, F.; Skrzypczak, E.; Slodkowski, M.; Stefanek, G.; Stock, R.; Ströbele, H.; Susa, T.; Szuba, M.; Varga, D.; Vassiliou, M.; Veres, G. I.; Vesztergombi, G.; Vranić, D.; Włodarczyk, Z.; Wojtaszek-Szwarć, A.; Antoniou, N. G.; Davis, N.; Diakonos, F. K.

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3738-5

Title: Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV

Abstract

Here, we look for fluctuations expected for the QCD critical point using an intermittency analysis in the transverse momentum phase space of protons produced around midrapidity in the 12.5 % most central C+C, Si+Si and Pb+Pb collisions at the maximum SPS energy of 158A GeV. We find evidence of power-law fluctuations for the Si+Si data. The fitted power-law exponent Φ₂=0.96^+0.38_–0.25 (stat.) ± 0.16 (syst.) is consistent with the value expected for critical fluctuations. Power-law fluctuations had previously also been observed in low-mass π⁺π^– pairs in the same Si+Si collisions.

Authors:: Anticic, T.; Baatar, B.; Bartke, J.; Beck, H.; Betev, L.; Białkowska, H.; Blume, C.; Bogusz, M.; Boimska, B.; Book, J.; Botje, M.; Bunčić, P.; Cetner, T.; Christakoglou, P.; Chvala, O.; Cramer, J.; Eckardt, V.; Fodor, Z.; Foka, P.; Friese, V. more »« less

Publication Date:: Sat Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

Contributing Org.:: NA49 Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1435052

Grant/Contract Number:: FG03-97ER41020

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 75; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1434-6044

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; Transverse Momentum; Chiral Condensate; Factorial Moment; Proton Pair; Critical Fluctuation

Citation Formats


                    Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rustamov, A., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., Wojtaszek-Szwarć, A., Antoniou, N. G., Davis, N., and Diakonos, F. K. Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3738-5.

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                    Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rustamov, A., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., Wojtaszek-Szwarć, A., Antoniou, N. G., Davis, N., & Diakonos, F. K. Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3738-5

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                    Anticic, T., Baatar, B., Bartke, J., Beck, H., Betev, L., Białkowska, H., Blume, C., Bogusz, M., Boimska, B., Book, J., Botje, M., Bunčić, P., Cetner, T., Christakoglou, P., Chvala, O., Cramer, J., Eckardt, V., Fodor, Z., Foka, P., Friese, V., Gaździcki, M., Grebieszkow, K., Höhne, C., Kadija, K., Karev, A., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kowalski, M., Kresan, D., Laszlo, A., van Leeuwen, M., Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M., Makariev, M., Malakhov, A. I., Mateev, M., Melkumov, G. L., Mitrovski, M., Mrówczyński, St., Pálla, G., Panagiotou, A. D., Peryt, W., Pluta, J., Prindle, D., Pühlhofer, F., Renfordt, R., Roland, C., Roland, G., Rustamov, A., Rybczyński, M., Rybicki, A., Sandoval, A., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T., Seyboth, P., Siklér, F., Skrzypczak, E., Slodkowski, M., Stefanek, G., Stock, R., Ströbele, H., Susa, T., Szuba, M., Varga, D., Vassiliou, M., Veres, G. I., Vesztergombi, G., Vranić, D., Włodarczyk, Z., Wojtaszek-Szwarć, A., Antoniou, N. G., Davis, N., and Diakonos, F. K. Sat .  
"Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3738-5.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1435052.

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@article{osti_1435052,

  title        = {Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV},

  author       = {Anticic, T. and Baatar, B. and Bartke, J. and Beck, H. and Betev, L. and Białkowska, H. and Blume, C. and Bogusz, M. and Boimska, B. and Book, J. and Botje, M. and Bunčić, P. and Cetner, T. and Christakoglou, P. and Chvala, O. and Cramer, J. and Eckardt, V. and Fodor, Z. and Foka, P. and Friese, V. and Gaździcki, M. and Grebieszkow, K. and Höhne, C. and Kadija, K. and Karev, A. and Kolesnikov, V. I. and Kowalski, M. and Kresan, D. and Laszlo, A. and van Leeuwen, M. and Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M. and Makariev, M. and Malakhov, A. I. and Mateev, M. and Melkumov, G. L. and Mitrovski, M. and Mrówczyński, St. and Pálla, G. and Panagiotou, A. D. and Peryt, W. and Pluta, J. and Prindle, D. and Pühlhofer, F. and Renfordt, R. and Roland, C. and Roland, G. and Rustamov, A. and Rybczyński, M. and Rybicki, A. and Sandoval, A. and Schmitz, N. and Schuster, T. and Seyboth, P. and Siklér, F. and Skrzypczak, E. and Slodkowski, M. and Stefanek, G. and Stock, R. and Ströbele, H. and Susa, T. and Szuba, M. and Varga, D. and Vassiliou, M. and Veres, G. I. and Vesztergombi, G. and Vranić, D. and Włodarczyk, Z. and Wojtaszek-Szwarć, A. and Antoniou, N. G. and Davis, N. and Diakonos, F. K.},

  abstractNote = {Here, we look for fluctuations expected for the QCD critical point using an intermittency analysis in the transverse momentum phase space of protons produced around midrapidity in the 12.5 % most central C+C, Si+Si and Pb+Pb collisions at the maximum SPS energy of 158A GeV. We find evidence of power-law fluctuations for the Si+Si data. The fitted power-law exponent Φ2=0.96+0.38–0.25 (stat.) ± 0.16 (syst.) is consistent with the value expected for critical fluctuations. Power-law fluctuations had previously also been observed in low-mass π+π– pairs in the same Si+Si collisions.},

  doi          = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3738-5},

  journal      = {European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 75,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Sat Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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Pion production from a critical QCD phase
text, January 2000

Antoniou, N. G.; Contoyiannis, Y. F.; Diakonos, F. K.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0012164

QCD phase diagram and the critical point
text, January 2004

Stephanov, M. A.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0402115

Critical Opalescence in Baryonic QCD Matter
text, January 2006

Antoniou, N. G.; Diakonos, F. K.; Kapoyannis, A. S.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0602051

Signatures of the Tricritical Point in QCD
text, January 1998

Stephanov, M.; Rajagopal, K.; Shuryak, E.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9806219

Event-by-Event Fluctuations in Heavy Ion Collisions and the QCD Critical Point
text, January 1999

Stephanov, M.; Rajagopal, K.; Shuryak, E.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9903292

Works referencing / citing this record:

Ising-QCD phenomenology close to the critical point
journal, February 2019

Antoniou, N. G.; Diakonos, F. K.
Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/aafead

Rapidity dependence of proton cumulants and correlation functions
journal, November 2017

Bzdak, Adam; Koch, Volker
Physical Review C, Vol. 96, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.96.054905

Challenges in QCD matter physics --The scientific programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR
journal, March 2017

Ablyazimov, T.; Abuhoza, A.; Adak, R. P.
The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 53, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1140/epja/i2017-12248-y

Highlights from NA61/SHINE: Proton Intermittency Analysis
journal, May 2019

Prokhorova, Daria; Davis, Nikolaos
Universe, Vol. 5, Issue 5
DOI: 10.3390/universe5050103

Fractality in momentum space: a signal of criticality in nuclear collisions
text, January 2015

Antoniou, Nikolaos G.; Davis, Nikolaos; Diakonos, Fotios K.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1510.03120

Rapidity dependence of proton cumulants and correlation functions
text, January 2017

Bzdak, Adam; Koch, Volker
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1707.02640

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Title: Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at 158A GeV

Abstract

Citation Formats

Universality, the QCD critical and tricritical point, and the quark number susceptibility journal, January 2003

Parton-based Gribov–Regge theory journal, September 2001

QCD Phase Diagram and the Critical Point journal, January 2004

Intermittency in multiparticle production at high energy journal, October 1988

Fractals at T = T c due to Instantonlike Configurations journal, November 1998

Proton- Λ correlations in central Pb + Pb collisions at s NN = 17.3 GeV journal, May 2011

Equation of state for two flavor QCD at nonzero chemical potential journal, July 2003

The NA49 large acceptance hadron detector journal, July 1999

The quest for the quark–gluon plasma journal, July 2007

Indication of divergent baryon-number susceptibility in QCD matter journal, January 2010

Proton-Number Fluctuation as a Signal of the QCD Critical End Point journal, September 2003

Scalar density fluctuation at the critical end point in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model journal, May 2003

Event-by-event fluctuations in heavy ion collisions and the QCD critical point journal, November 1999

Proton pictures of high-energy nuclear collisions journal, September 1977

Study of the Onset of Deconfinement and Search for the Critical Point of Strongly Interacting Matter at the CERN SPS journal, January 2013

Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them) book, April 2006

Scaling laws for density correlations and fluctuations in multiparticle dynamics journal, May 1996

Critical point of N f = 3 QCD from lattice simulations in the canonical ensemble journal, October 2011

One- and two-dimensional analysis of the factorial moments in 200 GeV/nucleon p , O 16 , and S 32 interactions with Ag and Br nuclei journal, December 1989

Transverse momentum fluctuations in nuclear collisions at 158 A GeV journal, September 2004

Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions at RHIC journal, January 2014

Intermittency parameters as a possible signal for quark-gluon plasma formation journal, January 1991

K * (892) 0 and K ¯ * (892) 0 production in central Pb + Pb, Si + Si, C + C, and inelastic p + p collisions at 158 A GeV journal, December 2011

Centrality and system size dependence of multiplicity fluctuations in nuclear collisions at 158 A GeV journal, June 2007

Exploring the quantum chromodynamics landscape with high-energy nuclear collisions journal, June 2011

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential journal, October 2002

Slowing out of equilibrium near the QCD critical point journal, April 2000

Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the Jackknife journal, January 1979

Critical QCD in nuclear collisions journal, October 2005

Parton ladder splitting and the rapidity dependence of transverse momentum spectra in deuteron-gold collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider journal, October 2006

Energy dependence of transverse momentum fluctuations in Pb + Pb collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at 20 A to 158 A GeV journal, April 2009

Energy and system size dependence of chemical freeze-out in relativistic nuclear collisions journal, April 2006

Moments of rapidity distributions as a measure of short-range fluctuations in high-energy collisions journal, September 1986

Pion production from a critical QCD phase journal, October 2001

Qcd Phase Diagram and the Critical Point journal, July 2005

The phase diagram of dense QCD journal, December 2010

Energy dependence of multiplicity fluctuations in heavy ion collisions at 20 A to 158 A GeV journal, September 2008

Critical Opalescence in Baryonic QCD Matter journal, July 2006

Search for the QCD critical point in nuclear collisions at 158 A GeV at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) journal, June 2010

Convolutions, factorial cumulants and intermittency journal, March 1995

Non-Gaussian Fluctuations near the QCD Critical Point journal, January 2009

Signatures of the Tricritical Point in QCD journal, November 1998

Lattice determination of the critical point of QCD at finite T and μ journal, March 2002

The QCD transition temperature: results with physical masses in the continuum limit II journal, June 2009

The QCD phase diagram at nonzero quark density journal, April 2011

Critical point of QCD at finite T and , lattice results for physical quark masses journal, April 2004

Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them) collection, January 2009

Common errors in statistics (and how to avoid them) book, June 2012

Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them) journal, January 2005

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential text, January 2002

Non-Gaussian fluctuations near the QCD critical point text, January 2008

The phase diagram of dense QCD text, January 2010

Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-proton Multiplicity Distributions at RHIC text, January 2013

Transverse Momentum Fluctuations in Nuclear Collisions at 158 AGeV text, January 2003

The QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential text, January 2002

Parton-Based Gribov-Regge Theory text, January 2000

Pion production from a critical QCD phase text, January 2000

QCD phase diagram and the critical point text, January 2004

Critical Opalescence in Baryonic QCD Matter text, January 2006

Signatures of the Tricritical Point in QCD text, January 1998

Event-by-Event Fluctuations in Heavy Ion Collisions and the QCD Critical Point text, January 1999

Ising-QCD phenomenology close to the critical point journal, February 2019

Rapidity dependence of proton cumulants and correlation functions journal, November 2017

Challenges in QCD matter physics --The scientific programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR journal, March 2017

Highlights from NA61/SHINE: Proton Intermittency Analysis journal, May 2019

Fractality in momentum space: a signal of criticality in nuclear collisions text, January 2015

Rapidity dependence of proton cumulants and correlation functions text, January 2017

Universality, the QCD critical and tricritical point, and the quark number susceptibility
journal, January 2003

Parton-based Gribov–Regge theory
journal, September 2001

QCD Phase Diagram and the Critical Point
journal, January 2004

Intermittency in multiparticle production at high energy
journal, October 1988

Fractals at $T = T_{c}$ due to Instantonlike Configurations
journal, November 1998

Proton- $Λ$ correlations in central Pb $+$ Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 17.3$ GeV
journal, May 2011

Equation of state for two flavor QCD at nonzero chemical potential
journal, July 2003

The NA49 large acceptance hadron detector
journal, July 1999

The quest for the quark–gluon plasma
journal, July 2007

Indication of divergent baryon-number susceptibility in QCD matter
journal, January 2010

Proton-Number Fluctuation as a Signal of the QCD Critical End Point
journal, September 2003

Scalar density fluctuation at the critical end point in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model
journal, May 2003

Event-by-event fluctuations in heavy ion collisions and the QCD critical point
journal, November 1999

Proton pictures of high-energy nuclear collisions
journal, September 1977

Study of the Onset of Deconfinement and Search for the Critical Point of Strongly Interacting Matter at the CERN SPS
journal, January 2013

Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them)
book, April 2006

Scaling laws for density correlations and fluctuations in multiparticle dynamics
journal, May 1996

Critical point of $N_{f} = 3$ QCD from lattice simulations in the canonical ensemble
journal, October 2011

One- and two-dimensional analysis of the factorial moments in 200 GeV/nucleon p , ${}^{16}O$ , and ${}^{32}S$ interactions with Ag and Br nuclei
journal, December 1989

Transverse momentum fluctuations in nuclear collisions at $158 A GeV$
journal, September 2004

Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions at RHIC
journal, January 2014

Intermittency parameters as a possible signal for quark-gluon plasma formation
journal, January 1991

$K^{}$ (892) $^{0}$ and ${\bar{K}}^{}$ (892) $^{0}$ production in central Pb $+$ Pb, Si $+$ Si, C $+$ C, and inelastic $p$ $+$ $p$ collisions at 158 $A$ GeV
journal, December 2011

Centrality and system size dependence of multiplicity fluctuations in nuclear collisions at $158 A$ GeV
journal, June 2007

Exploring the quantum chromodynamics landscape with high-energy nuclear collisions
journal, June 2011

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential
journal, October 2002

Slowing out of equilibrium near the QCD critical point
journal, April 2000

Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the Jackknife
journal, January 1979

Critical QCD in nuclear collisions
journal, October 2005

Parton ladder splitting and the rapidity dependence of transverse momentum spectra in deuteron-gold collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
journal, October 2006

Energy dependence of transverse momentum fluctuations in $Pb + Pb$ collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at $20 A$ to $158 A$ GeV
journal, April 2009

Energy and system size dependence of chemical freeze-out in relativistic nuclear collisions
journal, April 2006

Moments of rapidity distributions as a measure of short-range fluctuations in high-energy collisions
journal, September 1986

Pion production from a critical QCD phase
journal, October 2001

Qcd Phase Diagram and the Critical Point
journal, July 2005

The phase diagram of dense QCD
journal, December 2010

Energy dependence of multiplicity fluctuations in heavy ion collisions at $20 A$ to $158 A$ GeV
journal, September 2008

Critical Opalescence in Baryonic QCD Matter
journal, July 2006

Search for the QCD critical point in nuclear collisions at $158 A$ GeV at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS)
journal, June 2010

Convolutions, factorial cumulants and intermittency
journal, March 1995

Non-Gaussian Fluctuations near the QCD Critical Point
journal, January 2009

Signatures of the Tricritical Point in QCD
journal, November 1998

Lattice determination of the critical point of QCD at finite T and μ
journal, March 2002

The QCD transition temperature: results with physical masses in the continuum limit II
journal, June 2009

The QCD phase diagram at nonzero quark density
journal, April 2011

Critical point of QCD at finite T and , lattice results for physical quark masses
journal, April 2004

Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them)
collection, January 2009

Common errors in statistics (and how to avoid them)
book, June 2012

Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them)
journal, January 2005

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential
text, January 2002

Non-Gaussian fluctuations near the QCD critical point
text, January 2008

The phase diagram of dense QCD
text, January 2010

Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-proton Multiplicity Distributions at RHIC
text, January 2013

Transverse Momentum Fluctuations in Nuclear Collisions at 158 AGeV
text, January 2003

The QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential
text, January 2002

Parton-Based Gribov-Regge Theory
text, January 2000

Pion production from a critical QCD phase
text, January 2000

QCD phase diagram and the critical point
text, January 2004

Critical Opalescence in Baryonic QCD Matter
text, January 2006

Signatures of the Tricritical Point in QCD
text, January 1998

Event-by-Event Fluctuations in Heavy Ion Collisions and the QCD Critical Point
text, January 1999

Ising-QCD phenomenology close to the critical point
journal, February 2019

Rapidity dependence of proton cumulants and correlation functions
journal, November 2017

Challenges in QCD matter physics --The scientific programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR
journal, March 2017

Highlights from NA61/SHINE: Proton Intermittency Analysis
journal, May 2019

Fractality in momentum space: a signal of criticality in nuclear collisions
text, January 2015

Rapidity dependence of proton cumulants and correlation functions
text, January 2017