Lower molar shape and size in prosimian and platyrrhine primates
Abstract
Abstract The goal of this research is to evaluate the relative strength of the influences of diet, size, and phylogenetic signal on dental geometric shape. Accurate comprehension of these factors and their interaction is important for reconstructing diet and deriving characters for a cladistic analysis in fossil primates. Geometric morphometric analysis is used to identify axes of shape variation in the lower second molars of (a) prosimian primates and (b) platyrrhines. Landmarks were placed on µCT‐generated surface renderings. Landmark configurations were aligned using generalized Procrustes analysis. Principal components analysis and phylogenetic principal components analysis (pPCA) were performed on species average landmark co‐ordinates. pPCs were examined with phylogenetic generalized least squares analysis for association with size and with diet. PCs from both phylogenetic and non‐phylogenetic analyses were sufficient to separate species by broad dietary categories, including insectivores and folivores. In neither analysis was pPC1 correlated with tooth size, but some other pPCs were significantly correlated with size. The pattern of association between pPCs and size altered when centroid size and dietary variables were combined in the model; effects of diet factors typically exceeded effects of size. These results indicate a dominant phylogenetic and dietary signal in molar shape but also showmore »
- Authors:
-
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21205
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1401697
- Resource Type:
- Publisher's Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- American Journal of Physical Anthropology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: American Journal of Physical Anthropology Journal Volume: 161 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0002-9483
- Publisher:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
St. Clair, Elizabeth M., and Boyer, Doug M. Lower molar shape and size in prosimian and platyrrhine primates. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23021.
St. Clair, Elizabeth M., & Boyer, Doug M. Lower molar shape and size in prosimian and platyrrhine primates. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23021
St. Clair, Elizabeth M., and Boyer, Doug M. Fri .
"Lower molar shape and size in prosimian and platyrrhine primates". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23021.
@article{osti_1401697,
title = {Lower molar shape and size in prosimian and platyrrhine primates},
author = {St. Clair, Elizabeth M. and Boyer, Doug M.},
abstractNote = {Abstract The goal of this research is to evaluate the relative strength of the influences of diet, size, and phylogenetic signal on dental geometric shape. Accurate comprehension of these factors and their interaction is important for reconstructing diet and deriving characters for a cladistic analysis in fossil primates. Geometric morphometric analysis is used to identify axes of shape variation in the lower second molars of (a) prosimian primates and (b) platyrrhines. Landmarks were placed on µCT‐generated surface renderings. Landmark configurations were aligned using generalized Procrustes analysis. Principal components analysis and phylogenetic principal components analysis (pPCA) were performed on species average landmark co‐ordinates. pPCs were examined with phylogenetic generalized least squares analysis for association with size and with diet. PCs from both phylogenetic and non‐phylogenetic analyses were sufficient to separate species by broad dietary categories, including insectivores and folivores. In neither analysis was pPC1 correlated with tooth size, but some other pPCs were significantly correlated with size. The pattern of association between pPCs and size altered when centroid size and dietary variables were combined in the model; effects of diet factors typically exceeded effects of size. These results indicate a dominant phylogenetic and dietary signal in molar shape but also show some shape change correlated with size in the absence of obvious dietary associations. Geometric morphometric analysis appears to be useful for tracking functional traits in molars, particularly in tracking differences between folivorous and insectivorous species.},
doi = {10.1002/ajpa.23021},
journal = {American Journal of Physical Anthropology},
number = 2,
volume = 161,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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