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Title: Coupling neutron reflectivity with cell-free protein synthesis to probe membrane protein structure in supported bilayers

Abstract

Here, the structure of the p7 viroporin, an oligomeric membrane protein ion channel involved in the assembly and release of the hepatitis C virus, was determined from proteins expressed and inserted directly into supported model lipid membranes using cell-free protein expression. Cell-free protein expression allowed (i) high protein concentration in the membrane, (ii) control of the protein’s isotopic constitution, and (iii) control over the lipid environment available to the protein. Here, we used cell-free protein synthesis to directly incorporate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 protein into supported lipid bilayers formed from physiologically relevant lipids (POPC or asolectin) for both direct structural measurements using neutron reflectivity (NR) and conductance measurements using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). We report that HCV p7 from genotype 1a strain H77 adopts a conical shape within lipid bilayers and forms a viroporin upon oligomerization, confirmed by EIS conductance measurements. This combination of techniques represents a novel approach to the study of membrane proteins and, through the use of selective deuteration of particular amino acids to enhance neutron scattering contrast, has the promise to become a powerful tool for characterizing the protein conformation in physiologically relevant environments and for the development of biosensor applications.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Synthelis SAS, La Tronche (France); Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble (France)
  2. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble (France)
  3. Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble (France); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1364574
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-16-27372
Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Scientific Reports
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; biological physics; biomaterials; membrane structure and assembly

Citation Formats

Soranzo, Thomas, Martin, Donald K., Lenormand, Jean -Luc, and Watkins, Erik Benjamin. Coupling neutron reflectivity with cell-free protein synthesis to probe membrane protein structure in supported bilayers. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03472-8.
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Soranzo, Thomas, Martin, Donald K., Lenormand, Jean -Luc, & Watkins, Erik Benjamin. Coupling neutron reflectivity with cell-free protein synthesis to probe membrane protein structure in supported bilayers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03472-8
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Soranzo, Thomas, Martin, Donald K., Lenormand, Jean -Luc, and Watkins, Erik Benjamin. Tue . "Coupling neutron reflectivity with cell-free protein synthesis to probe membrane protein structure in supported bilayers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03472-8. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1364574.
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@article{osti_1364574,
title = {Coupling neutron reflectivity with cell-free protein synthesis to probe membrane protein structure in supported bilayers},
author = {Soranzo, Thomas and Martin, Donald K. and Lenormand, Jean -Luc and Watkins, Erik Benjamin},
abstractNote = {Here, the structure of the p7 viroporin, an oligomeric membrane protein ion channel involved in the assembly and release of the hepatitis C virus, was determined from proteins expressed and inserted directly into supported model lipid membranes using cell-free protein expression. Cell-free protein expression allowed (i) high protein concentration in the membrane, (ii) control of the protein’s isotopic constitution, and (iii) control over the lipid environment available to the protein. Here, we used cell-free protein synthesis to directly incorporate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 protein into supported lipid bilayers formed from physiologically relevant lipids (POPC or asolectin) for both direct structural measurements using neutron reflectivity (NR) and conductance measurements using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). We report that HCV p7 from genotype 1a strain H77 adopts a conical shape within lipid bilayers and forms a viroporin upon oligomerization, confirmed by EIS conductance measurements. This combination of techniques represents a novel approach to the study of membrane proteins and, through the use of selective deuteration of particular amino acids to enhance neutron scattering contrast, has the promise to become a powerful tool for characterizing the protein conformation in physiologically relevant environments and for the development of biosensor applications.},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-03472-8},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Tue Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03472-8
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Crystal Structure of Rhodopsin: A G Protein-Coupled Receptor
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Fluid phase lipid areas and bilayer thicknesses of commonly used phosphatidylcholines as a function of temperature
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Solvent-Assisted Lipid Bilayer Formation on Silicon Dioxide and Gold
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Studies on the lipid composition of the rat liver endoplasmic reticulum after induction with phenobarbitone and 20-methylcholanthrene
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Hepatitis C Virus p7 Protein Is Crucial for Assembly and Release of Infectious Virions
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NMR studies of p7 protein from hepatitis C virus
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Cell-free production of G protein-coupled receptors for functional and structural studies
journal, June 2007

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Zooming in on disordered systems: neutron reflection studies of proteins associated with fluid membranes.
text, January 2014

Cell-Free Synthesis of a Functional Membrane Transporter into a Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membrane
journal, March 2016

Unusual architecture of the p7 channel from hepatitis C virus
journal, June 2013

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  • Nature, Vol. 498, Issue 7455
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Membrane proteins, lipids and detergents: not just a soap opera
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The influence of different lipid environments on the structure and function of the hepatitis C virus p7 ion channel protein
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Preparation of Tethered-Lipid Bilayers on Gold Surfaces for the Incorporation of Integral Membrane Proteins Synthesized by Cell-Free Expression
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The 3-dimensional structure of a hepatitis C virus p7 ion channel by electron microscopy
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Functional characterization of p7 viroporin from hepatitis C virus produced in a cell-free expression system
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Expression and purification of the membrane protein p7 from hepatitis C virus
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α-Hemolysin pore formation into a supported phospholipid bilayer using cell-free expression
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  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 1808, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.07.027

The influence of lipids on voltage-gated ion channels
journal, August 2012

Integration and recording of a reconstituted voltage-gated sodium channel in planar lipid bilayers
journal, January 2011

NMR studies of p7 protein from hepatitis C virus
journal, September 2009

Solid supported lipid bilayers: From biophysical studies to sensor design
journal, November 2006

Incorporation of In Vitro Synthesized GPCR into a Tethered Artificial Lipid Membrane System
journal, January 2007

  • Robelek, Rudolf; Lemker, Eva S.; Wiltschi, Birgit
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 46, Issue 4
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Hepatitis C Virus Assembly Imaging
journal, November 2011

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Changes in the secondary structure of proteins labeled with 125I: CD spectroscopy and enzymatic activity studies
journal, March 2005

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HIV-1 Gag Extension: Conformational Changes Require Simultaneous Interaction with Membrane and Nucleic Acid
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Membrane protein synthesis in cell-free systems: From bio-mimetic systems to bio-membranes
journal, June 2014

Lateral Diffusion of Membrane Proteins: Consequences of Hydrophobic Mismatch and Lipid Composition
journal, September 2010

  • Ramadurai, Sivaramakrishnan; Duurkens, Ria; Krasnikov, Victor V.
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Subcellular Localization and Topology of the p7 Polypeptide of Hepatitis C Virus
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Solid supported lipid bilayers: From biophysical studies to sensor design
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The Cell-Free Integration of a Polytopic Mitochondrial Membrane Protein into Liposomes Occurs Cotranslationally and in a Lipid-Dependent Manner
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Hepatitis C virus p7 protein is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum when it is encoded by a replication-competent genome
journal, January 2007

  • Haqshenas, G.; Mackenzie, J. M.; Dong, X.
  • Journal of General Virology, Vol. 88, Issue 1
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Neutron reflection from supported lipid membranes
journal, December 2010

Crystallization of the membrane protein hVDAC1 produced in cell-free system
journal, August 2010

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Polymer-supported membranes as models of the cell surface
journal, September 2005

  • Tanaka, Motomu; Sackmann, Erich
  • Nature, Vol. 437, Issue 7059, p. 656-663
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature04164

The Open Gate Structure of the Membrane-Embedded KcsA Potassium Channel Viewed From the Cytoplasmic Side
journal, January 2013

  • Sumino, Ayumi; Sumikama, Takashi; Iwamoto, Masayuki
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 3, Issue 1
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Preparative Scale Production of Functional Mouse Aquaporin 4 Using Different Cell-Free Expression Modes
journal, September 2010

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