Thin Polymer Films with Continuous Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores Fabricated by Soft Confinement

Feng, Xunda; Nejati, Siamak; Cowan, Matthew G.; Tousley, Marissa E.; Wiesenauer, Brian R.; Noble, Richard D.; Elimelech, Menachem; Gin, Douglas L.; Osuji, Chinedum O.

doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b06130

Title: Thin Polymer Films with Continuous Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores Fabricated by Soft Confinement

Abstract

Membrane separations are critically important in areas ranging from health care and analytical chemistry to bioprocessing and water purification. An ideal nanoporous membrane would consist of a thin film with physically continuous and vertically aligned nanopores and would display a narrow distribution of pore sizes. However, the current state of the art departs considerably from this ideal and is beset by intrinsic trade-offs between permeability and selectivity. We demonstrate an effective and scalable method to fabricate polymer films with ideal membrane morphologies consisting of submicron thickness films with physically continuous and vertically aligned 1 nm pores. The approach is based on soft confinement to control the orientation of a cross-linkable mesophase in which the pores are produced by self-assembly. The scalability, exceptional ease of fabrication, and potential to create a new class of nanofiltration membranes stand out as compelling aspects.

Authors:

Feng, Xunda ^[1]; Nejati, Siamak ^[1]; Cowan, Matthew G.; Tousley, Marissa E. ^[1]; Wiesenauer, Brian R.; Noble, Richard D.; Elimelech, Menachem ^[1]; Gin, Douglas L.; Osuji, Chinedum O. ^[1]

Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States

Publication Date:: Wed Dec 09 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

OSTI Identifier:: 1349950

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1436432

Grant/Contract Number:: D1-AR0000098; AR0000098

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: ACS Nano

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: ACS Nano Journal Volume: 10 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1936-0851

Publisher:: American Chemical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; thin film; soft confinement; membrane separation

Citation Formats


                    Feng, Xunda, Nejati, Siamak, Cowan, Matthew G., Tousley, Marissa E., Wiesenauer, Brian R., Noble, Richard D., Elimelech, Menachem, Gin, Douglas L., and Osuji, Chinedum O. Thin Polymer Films with Continuous Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores Fabricated by Soft Confinement.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b06130.

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                    Feng, Xunda, Nejati, Siamak, Cowan, Matthew G., Tousley, Marissa E., Wiesenauer, Brian R., Noble, Richard D., Elimelech, Menachem, Gin, Douglas L., & Osuji, Chinedum O. Thin Polymer Films with Continuous Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores Fabricated by Soft Confinement.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b06130

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                    Feng, Xunda, Nejati, Siamak, Cowan, Matthew G., Tousley, Marissa E., Wiesenauer, Brian R., Noble, Richard D., Elimelech, Menachem, Gin, Douglas L., and Osuji, Chinedum O. Wed .  
"Thin Polymer Films with Continuous Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores Fabricated by Soft Confinement".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b06130.

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@article{osti_1349950,

  title        = {Thin Polymer Films with Continuous Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores Fabricated by Soft Confinement},

  author       = {Feng, Xunda and Nejati, Siamak and Cowan, Matthew G. and Tousley, Marissa E. and Wiesenauer, Brian R. and Noble, Richard D. and Elimelech, Menachem and Gin, Douglas L. and Osuji, Chinedum O.},

  abstractNote = {Membrane separations are critically important in areas ranging from health care and analytical chemistry to bioprocessing and water purification. An ideal nanoporous membrane would consist of a thin film with physically continuous and vertically aligned nanopores and would display a narrow distribution of pore sizes. However, the current state of the art departs considerably from this ideal and is beset by intrinsic trade-offs between permeability and selectivity. We demonstrate an effective and scalable method to fabricate polymer films with ideal membrane morphologies consisting of submicron thickness films with physically continuous and vertically aligned 1 nm pores. The approach is based on soft confinement to control the orientation of a cross-linkable mesophase in which the pores are produced by self-assembly. The scalability, exceptional ease of fabrication, and potential to create a new class of nanofiltration membranes stand out as compelling aspects.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acsnano.5b06130},

  journal      = {ACS Nano},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 10,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Dec 09 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Wed Dec 09 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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Title: Thin Polymer Films with Continuous Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores Fabricated by Soft Confinement

Abstract

Citation Formats

Graphoepitaxy of Self-Assembled Block Copolymers on Two-Dimensional Periodic Patterned Templates journal, August 2008

Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers for Photonic-Bandgap Materials journal, October 2005

High χ–Low N Block Polymers: How Far Can We Go? journal, September 2015

Capillary oscillations and instabilities of discotic liquid crystal threads journal, January 1990

Scalable Fabrication of Polymer Membranes with Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores by Magnetic Field Directed Self-Assembly journal, November 2014

Anisotropic Proton Conduction in Aligned Block Copolymer Electrolyte Membranes at Equilibrium with Humid Air journal, January 2010

Anisotropic Ionic Conductivity in Block Copolymer Membranes by Magnetic Field Alignment journal, December 2010

Polymerizable Lyotropic Liquid Crystals Containing Transition-Metal and Lanthanide Ions: Architectural Control and Introduction of New Properties into Nanostructured Polymers journal, April 1998

Nanoporous Membranes Derived from Block Copolymers: From Drug Delivery to Water Filtration journal, June 2010

Competing Interactions and Levels of Ordering in Self-Organizing Polymeric Materials journal, August 1997

Controlled Planar Alignment of Discotic Liquid Crystals in Microchannels Made Using SU8 Photoresist journal, June 2013

Ordered Poly( p -phenylenevinylene) Matrix Nanocomposites via Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Monomers journal, April 1997

Magnetic field alignment of block copolymers and polymer nanocomposites: Scalable microstructure control in functional soft materials journal, October 2011

Magnetic-Field-Induced Orientational Ordering of Alkaline Lyotropic Silicate−Surfactant Liquid Crystals journal, October 1997

Critical thickness of a hybrid aligned nematic liquid crystal cell journal, January 1983

Directed self-assembly of block copolymers: a tutorial review of strategies for enabling nanotechnology with soft matter journal, January 2014

Self-assembly of functional columnar liquid crystals journal, January 2009

Self-Assembly of Mesoscopic Metal-Polymer Amphiphiles journal, January 2004

Designing block copolymer architectures for targeted membrane performance journal, January 2014

One-Dimensional Ion-Conductive Polymer Films: Alignment and Fixation of Ionic Channels Formed by Self-Organization of Polymerizable Columnar Liquid Crystals journal, April 2006

Polarity-Switching Top Coats Enable Orientation of Sub-10-nm Block Copolymer Domains journal, November 2012

Biomimetic Pathways for Assembling Inorganic Thin Films journal, August 1996

Alignment of a Columnar Hexagonal Discotic Liquid Crystal on Self-Assembled Monolayers journal, April 2013

Polymerized Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Assemblies for Materials Applications journal, December 2001

Effect of Interfaces on the Alignment of a Discotic Liquid−Crystalline Phthalocyanine journal, August 2006

Membrane Technology and Applications book, July 2012

Local Control of Microdomain Orientation in Diblock Copolymer Thin Films with Electric Fields journal, August 1996

Humidity-Modulated Phase Control and Nanoscopic Transport in Supramolecular Assemblies journal, March 2014

Ultrapermeable, Reverse-Selective Nanocomposite Membranes journal, April 2002

Beyond molecules: Self-assembly of mesoscopic and macroscopic components journal, April 2002

Monoliths of Semiconducting Block Copolymers by Magnetic Alignment journal, May 2013

Control of the orientation of thin open supported columnar liquid crystal films by the kinetics of growth journal, March 2006

Reticulated Nanoporous Polymers by Controlled Polymerization-Induced Microphase Separation journal, June 2012

Self-Assembled Block Copolymer Thin Films as Water Filtration Membranes journal, February 2010

Recent Advances in the Design of Polymerizable Lyotropic Liquid-Crystal Assemblies for Heterogeneous Catalysis and Selective Separations journal, May 2006

Designing the Next Generation of Chemical Separation Membranes journal, May 2011

Observations in homeotropic anchoring of the + π disclinations in a hexagonal discotic liquid crystal journal, January 1981

Graphoepitaxy of Self-Assembled Block Copolymers on Two-Dimensional Periodic Patterned Templates
journal, August 2008

Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers for Photonic-Bandgap Materials
journal, October 2005

High χ–Low N Block Polymers: How Far Can We Go?
journal, September 2015

Capillary oscillations and instabilities of discotic liquid crystal threads
journal, January 1990

Scalable Fabrication of Polymer Membranes with Vertically Aligned 1 nm Pores by Magnetic Field Directed Self-Assembly
journal, November 2014

Anisotropic Proton Conduction in Aligned Block Copolymer Electrolyte Membranes at Equilibrium with Humid Air
journal, January 2010

Anisotropic Ionic Conductivity in Block Copolymer Membranes by Magnetic Field Alignment
journal, December 2010

Polymerizable Lyotropic Liquid Crystals Containing Transition-Metal and Lanthanide Ions: Architectural Control and Introduction of New Properties into Nanostructured Polymers
journal, April 1998

Nanoporous Membranes Derived from Block Copolymers: From Drug Delivery to Water Filtration
journal, June 2010

Competing Interactions and Levels of Ordering in Self-Organizing Polymeric Materials
journal, August 1997

Controlled Planar Alignment of Discotic Liquid Crystals in Microchannels Made Using SU8 Photoresist
journal, June 2013

Ordered Poly( p -phenylenevinylene) Matrix Nanocomposites via Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Monomers
journal, April 1997

Magnetic field alignment of block copolymers and polymer nanocomposites: Scalable microstructure control in functional soft materials
journal, October 2011

Magnetic-Field-Induced Orientational Ordering of Alkaline Lyotropic Silicate−Surfactant Liquid Crystals
journal, October 1997

Critical thickness of a hybrid aligned nematic liquid crystal cell
journal, January 1983

Directed self-assembly of block copolymers: a tutorial review of strategies for enabling nanotechnology with soft matter
journal, January 2014

Self-assembly of functional columnar liquid crystals
journal, January 2009

Self-Assembly of Mesoscopic Metal-Polymer Amphiphiles
journal, January 2004

Designing block copolymer architectures for targeted membrane performance
journal, January 2014

One-Dimensional Ion-Conductive Polymer Films: Alignment and Fixation of Ionic Channels Formed by Self-Organization of Polymerizable Columnar Liquid Crystals
journal, April 2006

Polarity-Switching Top Coats Enable Orientation of Sub-10-nm Block Copolymer Domains
journal, November 2012

Biomimetic Pathways for Assembling Inorganic Thin Films
journal, August 1996

Alignment of a Columnar Hexagonal Discotic Liquid Crystal on Self-Assembled Monolayers
journal, April 2013

Polymerized Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Assemblies for Materials Applications
journal, December 2001

Effect of Interfaces on the Alignment of a Discotic Liquid−Crystalline Phthalocyanine
journal, August 2006

Membrane Technology and Applications
book, July 2012

Local Control of Microdomain Orientation in Diblock Copolymer Thin Films with Electric Fields
journal, August 1996

Humidity-Modulated Phase Control and Nanoscopic Transport in Supramolecular Assemblies
journal, March 2014

Ultrapermeable, Reverse-Selective Nanocomposite Membranes
journal, April 2002

Beyond molecules: Self-assembly of mesoscopic and macroscopic components
journal, April 2002

Monoliths of Semiconducting Block Copolymers by Magnetic Alignment
journal, May 2013

Control of the orientation of thin open supported columnar liquid crystal films by the kinetics of growth
journal, March 2006

Reticulated Nanoporous Polymers by Controlled Polymerization-Induced Microphase Separation
journal, June 2012

Self-Assembled Block Copolymer Thin Films as Water Filtration Membranes
journal, February 2010

Recent Advances in the Design of Polymerizable Lyotropic Liquid-Crystal Assemblies for Heterogeneous Catalysis and Selective Separations
journal, May 2006

Designing the Next Generation of Chemical Separation Membranes
journal, May 2011

Observations in homeotropic anchoring of the + π disclinations in a hexagonal discotic liquid crystal
journal, January 1981