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  • Published Article: Direct capture of CO 2 from ambient air

Title: Direct capture of CO 2 from ambient air

The increase in the global atmospheric CO 2 concentration resulting from over a century of combustion of fossil fuels has been associated with significant global climate change. With the global population increase driving continued increases in fossil fuel use, humanity’s primary reliance on fossil energy for the next several decades is assured. Traditional modes of carbon capture such as precombustion and postcombustion CO 2 capture from large point sources can help slow the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO 2 concentration, but only the direct removal of CO 2 from the air, or “direct air capture” (DAC), can actually reduce the global atmospheric CO 2 concentration. The past decade has seen a steep rise in the use of chemical sorbents that are cycled through sorption and desorption cycles for CO 2 removal from ultradilute gases such as air. This Review provides a historical overview of the field of DAC, along with an exhaustive description of the use of chemical sorbents targeted at this application. Solvents and solid sorbents that interact strongly with CO 2 are described, including basic solvents, supported amine and ammonium materials, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as the primary classes of chemical sorbents. Hypothetical processes for themore » deployment of such sorbents are discussed, as well as the limited array of technoeconomic analyses published on DAC. Overall, it is concluded that there are many new materials that could play a role in emerging DAC technologies. Furthermore, these materials need to be further investigated and developed with a practical sorbent-air contacting process in mind if society is to make rapid progress in deploying DAC as a means of mitigating climate change.« less
Authors:
 [1] ;  [2] ;  [2] ;  [2]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Rey Juan Carlos Univ., Madrid (Spain). Dept. of Chemical and Environmental Technology
  2. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Publication Date:
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012577
Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Chemical Reviews
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 116; Journal Issue: 19; Journal ID: ISSN 0009-2665
Publisher:
American Chemical Society
Research Org:
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Sponsoring Org:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
OSTI Identifier:
1306691
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1329034
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