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Title: Fe-porphyrin-based metal–organic framework films as high-surface concentration, heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO2

Abstract

Realization of heterogeneous electrochemical CO2-to-fuel conversion via molecular catalysis under high-flux conditions requires the assembly of large quantities of reactant-accessible catalysts on conductive surfaces. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that electrophoretic deposition of thin films of an appropriately chosen metal–organic framework (MOF) material is an effective method for immobilizing the needed quantity of catalyst. For electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, we used a material that contains functionalized Fe-porphyrins as catalytically competent, redox-conductive linkers. The approach yields a high effective surface coverage of electrochemically addressable catalytic sites (~1015 sites/cm2). The chemical products of the reduction, obtained with ~100% Faradaic efficiency, are mixtures of CO and H2. The results validate the strategy of using MOF chemistry to obtain porous, electrode-immobilized, networks of molecular catalysts having competency for energy-relevant electrochemical reactions.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
  2. Univ. of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  3. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); King Abdulaziz Univ., Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)
  4. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); Argonne National Lab., Argonne, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center (ANSER); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes (LEAP)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1224208
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1224209
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357; SC0001059; FA9550-10-1-0572
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
ACS Catalysis
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: ACS Catalysis; Journal ID: ISSN 2155-5435
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; CO2 reduction; electrocatalysis; metal organic frameworks; Fe-porphyrin; solar fuel; redox conductivity

Citation Formats

Hod, Idan, Sampson, Matthew D., Deria, Pravas, Kubiak, Clifford P., Farha, Omar K., and Hupp, Joseph T. Fe-porphyrin-based metal–organic framework films as high-surface concentration, heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO2. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1021/acscatal.5b01767.
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Hod, Idan, Sampson, Matthew D., Deria, Pravas, Kubiak, Clifford P., Farha, Omar K., & Hupp, Joseph T. Fe-porphyrin-based metal–organic framework films as high-surface concentration, heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO2. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b01767
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Hod, Idan, Sampson, Matthew D., Deria, Pravas, Kubiak, Clifford P., Farha, Omar K., and Hupp, Joseph T. Fri . "Fe-porphyrin-based metal–organic framework films as high-surface concentration, heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO2". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b01767. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1224208.
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@article{osti_1224208,
title = {Fe-porphyrin-based metal–organic framework films as high-surface concentration, heterogeneous catalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO2},
author = {Hod, Idan and Sampson, Matthew D. and Deria, Pravas and Kubiak, Clifford P. and Farha, Omar K. and Hupp, Joseph T.},
abstractNote = {Realization of heterogeneous electrochemical CO2-to-fuel conversion via molecular catalysis under high-flux conditions requires the assembly of large quantities of reactant-accessible catalysts on conductive surfaces. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that electrophoretic deposition of thin films of an appropriately chosen metal–organic framework (MOF) material is an effective method for immobilizing the needed quantity of catalyst. For electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, we used a material that contains functionalized Fe-porphyrins as catalytically competent, redox-conductive linkers. The approach yields a high effective surface coverage of electrochemically addressable catalytic sites (~1015 sites/cm2). The chemical products of the reduction, obtained with ~100% Faradaic efficiency, are mixtures of CO and H2. The results validate the strategy of using MOF chemistry to obtain porous, electrode-immobilized, networks of molecular catalysts having competency for energy-relevant electrochemical reactions.},
doi = {10.1021/acscatal.5b01767},
journal = {ACS Catalysis},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 18 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Fri Sep 18 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b01767
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    • Lei, Zhendong; Xue, Yuancheng; Chen, Wenqian
    • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 32
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    The chemistry of metal–organic frameworks for CO2 capture, regeneration and conversion
    journal, July 2017

    • Trickett, Christopher A.; Helal, Aasif; Al-Maythalony, Bassem A.
    • Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 8
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    Highly Efficient Porous Carbon Electrocatalyst with Controllable N‐Species Content for Selective CO 2 Reduction
    journal, February 2020

    • Ye, Lin; Ying, Yiran; Sun, Dengrong
    • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 59, Issue 8
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    Recent Advances in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Photo‐/Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction
    journal, September 2019

    • Wang, Qingqing; Zhang, Yao; Lin, Huijuan
    • Chemistry – A European Journal, Vol. 25, Issue 62
    • DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902203

    Highly Stable Mesoporous Zirconium Porphyrinic Frameworks with Distinct Flexibility
    journal, March 2016

    • Xu, Lei; Luo, Yan-Ping; Sun, Lin
    • Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 22, Issue 18
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    Double role of metalloporphyrins in catalytic bioinspired supramolecular metal–organic frameworks (SMOFs)
    journal, July 2018

    Exploiting redox activity in metal–organic frameworks: concepts, trends and perspectives
    journal, January 2016

    Carbon capture and conversion using metal–organic frameworks and MOF-based materials
    journal, January 2019

    • Ding, Meili; Flaig, Robinson W.; Jiang, Hai-Long
    • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 48, Issue 10
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    Artificial photosynthesis with metal and covalent organic frameworks (MOFs and COFs): challenges and prospects in fuel‐forming electrocatalysis
    journal, March 2019

    • Heidary, Nina; Harris, Tomos G. A. A.; Ly, Khoa H.
    • Physiologia Plantarum, Vol. 166, Issue 1
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    Application of Exfoliated Inorganic Nanosheets for Strongly-Coupled Hybrid Photocatalysts
    journal, June 2018

    Rational Design of a 3D Mn II -Metal-Organic Framework Based on a Nonmetallated Porphyrin Linker for Selective Capture of CO 2 and One-Pot Synthesis of Styrene Carbonates
    journal, October 2018

    • Sharma, Nayuesh; Dhankhar, Sandeep Singh; Kumar, Sandeep
    • Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 24, Issue 62
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    Emerging crystalline porous materials as a multifunctional platform for electrochemical energy storage
    journal, January 2017

    • Zhou, Junwen; Wang, Bo
    • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 46, Issue 22
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    Two‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets with Cobalt‐Porphyrins for High‐Performance CO 2 Electroreduction
    journal, January 2020

    • Zhang, Xiang‐Da; Hou, Shu‐Zhen; Wu, Jian‐Xiang
    • Chemistry – A European Journal, Vol. 26, Issue 7
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    Post-synthetic modification of covalent organic frameworks
    journal, January 2019

    • Segura, José L.; Royuela, Sergio; Mar Ramos, M.
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    A metal–organic framework converted catalyst that boosts photo-electrochemical water splitting
    journal, January 2019

    • Cardenas-Morcoso, Drialys; Ifraemov, Raya; García-Tecedor, Miguel
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 18
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    Insights into inorganic buffer layer-assisted in situ fabrication of MOF films with controlled microstructures
    journal, January 2018

    • Liu, Yi; Matsuda, Ryotaro; Kusaka, Shinpei
    • CrystEngComm, Vol. 20, Issue 43
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    The role of reticular chemistry in the design of CO2 reduction catalysts
    journal, February 2018

    Recent Progress in the Theoretical Investigation of Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2
    journal, April 2018

    • Tian, Ziqi; Priest, Chad; Chen, Liang
    • Advanced Theory and Simulations, Vol. 1, Issue 5
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    Recent Approaches to Design Electrocatalysts Based on Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives
    journal, September 2019

    • Liu, Juan; Hou, Shujin; Li, Weijin
    • Chemistry – An Asian Journal, Vol. 14, Issue 20
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    Metal–Organic Frameworks Toward Electrocatalytic Applications
    journal, June 2019

    • Li, Jun-Hong; Wang, Yi-Sen; Chen, Yu-Chuan
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    A Noble-Metal-Free Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Catalyst for the Highly Efficient Conversion of CO 2 with Propargylic Alcohols
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    Perspectives on metal–organic frameworks with intrinsic electrocatalytic activity
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    Isolated Square‐Planar Copper Center in Boron Imidazolate Nanocages for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO 2 to CO
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    Heterogeneous molecular catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
    journal, May 2019

    Modulating the rate of charge transport in a metal–organic framework thin film using host:guest chemistry
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    • Chemical Communications, Vol. 52, Issue 8
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    Efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen gas evolution by a cobalt–porphyrin-based crystalline polymer
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    Recent Innovation of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Photocatalytic Reduction
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    • Polymers, Vol. 11, Issue 12
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    Recent Advances in Breaking Scaling Relations for Effective Electrochemical Conversion of CO 2
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    Rational Design of Novel Catalysts with Atomic Layer Deposition for the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
    journal, August 2019

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    Electrocatalytic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Energy Applications
    journal, November 2017

    A Porphyrin/Graphene Framework: A Highly Efficient and Robust Electrocatalyst for Carbon Dioxide Reduction
    journal, July 2018

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    • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 26
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    Synthesis and characterization of porphyrin-based porous coordination polymers obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction
    journal, April 2018

    Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Electrocatalysis: Insight and Future Perspectives
    journal, September 2018

    Cathodized copper porphyrin metal–organic framework nanosheets for selective formate and acetate production from CO 2 electroreduction
    journal, January 2019

    • Wu, Jian-Xiang; Hou, Shu-Zhen; Zhang, Xiang-Da
    • Chemical Science, Vol. 10, Issue 7
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    Formation of CX Bonds in CO 2 Chemical Fixation Catalyzed by Metal−Organic Frameworks
    journal, June 2019

    Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide: opportunities with heterogeneous molecular catalysts
    journal, January 2020

    • Sun, Libo; Reddu, Vikas; Fisher, Adrian C.
    • Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 13, Issue 2
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    Copper-Based Metal-Organic Porous Materials for CO 2 Electrocatalytic Reduction to Alcohols
    journal, August 2016

    • Albo, Jonathan; Vallejo, Daniel; Beobide, Garikoitz
    • ChemSusChem, Vol. 10, Issue 6
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    Role of Organic Components in Electrocatalysis for Renewable Energy Storage
    journal, June 2018

    • Liu, Gejun; Bai, Haipeng; Zhang, Bo
    • Chemistry – A European Journal, Vol. 24, Issue 69
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    Design of doped cesium lead halide perovskite as a photo-catalytic CO 2 reduction catalyst
    journal, January 2019

    • Tang, Chao; Chen, Chongyang; Xu, Weiwei
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 12
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    Metal–organic conjugated microporous polymer containing a carbon dioxide reduction electrocatalyst
    journal, January 2019

    • Smith, Charlotte L.; Clowes, Rob; Sprick, Reiner Sebastian
    • Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 3, Issue 11
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    Recent Trends, Benchmarking, and Challenges of Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 by Molecular Catalysts
    journal, May 2019

    • Elouarzaki, Kamal; Kannan, Vishvak; Jose, Vishal
    • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 24
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    Nanocrystal/Metal–Organic Framework Hybrids as Electrocatalytic Platforms for CO 2 Conversion
    journal, September 2019

    • Guntern, Yannick T.; Pankhurst, James R.; Vávra, Jan
    • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 36
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    Greening the Processes of Metal-Organic Framework Synthesis and their Use in Sustainable Catalysis
    journal, July 2017

    Electrocatalytic and Solar-Driven CO 2 Reduction to CO with a Molecular Manganese Catalyst Immobilized on Mesoporous TiO 2
    journal, April 2016

    • Rosser, Timothy E.; Windle, Christopher D.; Reisner, Erwin
    • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 55, Issue 26
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    Electroactive Metalorganic Frameworks
    journal, October 2018

    • Medina, Dana D.; Mähringer, Andre; Bein, Thomas
    • Israel Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 58, Issue 9-10
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    2D molecular crystal lattices: advances in their synthesis, characterization, and application
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    • Solomos, Marina A.; Claire, F. James; Kempa, Thomas J.
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 41
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    Facile Synthesis of M-MOF-74 (M=Co, Ni, Zn) and its Application as an ElectroCatalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Conversion and H2 Production
    journal, March 2017

    • Choi, Insoo; Jung, Yoo Eil; Yoo, Sung Jong
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 1
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    Metal organic framework based catalysts for CO 2 conversion
    journal, January 2017

    • Maina, James W.; Pozo-Gonzalo, Cristina; Kong, Lingxue
    • Materials Horizons, Vol. 4, Issue 3
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    The role of redox hopping in metal–organic framework electrocatalysis
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    • Lin, Shaoyang; Usov, Pavel M.; Morris, Amanda J.
    • Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 51
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    Powered by porphyrin packing
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    • Hod, Idan; Farha, Omar K.; Hupp, Joseph T.
    • Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 12
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    Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Carbon Dioxide Reduction by a Single-Atom Implanted Metal-Organic Framework
    journal, October 2016

    • Zhang, Huabin; Wei, Jing; Dong, Juncai
    • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 55, Issue 46
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    Role of 2 nd sphere H-bonding residues in tuning the kinetics of CO 2 reduction to CO by iron porphyrin complexes
    journal, January 2019

    • Sen, Pritha; Mondal, Biswajit; Saha, Dibyajyoti
    • Dalton Transactions, Vol. 48, Issue 18
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    Inorganic coordination polymer quantum sheets@graphene oxide composite photocatalysts: Performance and mechanism
    journal, July 2019

    • Li, Shixiong; Mo, Qiaoling; Lai, Xiaoxia
    • Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 34, Issue 18
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    Isolated Square‐Planar Copper Center in Boron Imidazolate Nanocages for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO 2 to CO
    journal, July 2019

    • Zhang, Hai‐Xia; Hong, Qin‐Long; Li, Jing
    • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 34
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    MOFs for Electrocatalysis: From Serendipity to Design Strategies
    journal, December 2018

    • Aiyappa, Harshitha Barike; Masa, Justus; Andronescu, Corina
    • Small Methods, Vol. 3, Issue 8
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    Metal-Organic Frameworks for CO 2 Chemical Transformations
    journal, October 2016

    Trace water accelerating the CO 2 cycloaddition reaction catalyzed by an indium–organic framework
    journal, January 2018

    • Hou, Sheng-Li; Dong, Jie; Jiao, Zhuo-Hao
    • Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 5, Issue 7
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    Tuning the iron redox state inside a microporous porphyrinic metal organic framework
    journal, January 2017

    • Abeykoon, Brian; Grenèche, Jean-Marc; Jeanneau, Erwann
    • Dalton Transactions, Vol. 46, Issue 2
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    New homodinuclear tris(3-alkylpyrazolyl)borate complexes of Co II and Ni II with a tetraacetylethane dianion as a bridging ligand
    journal, October 2016

    • Mikhalyova, Elena A.; Trofimenko, Swiatoslaw; Zeller, Matthias
    • Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry, Vol. 72, Issue 11
    • DOI: 10.1107/s205322961601398x

    Pristine Metal-Organic Frameworks and their Composites for Energy Storage and Conversion
    journal, November 2017

    Two‐Dimensional Metal‐Organic Layers for Electrochemical Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of N‐Heterocycles
    journal, May 2019

    • Yang, Ling; Ma, Fa‐Xue; Xu, Fan
    • Chemistry – An Asian Journal, Vol. 14, Issue 20
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    An acetylenedicarboxylato-bridged Mn( ii )-based 1D coordination polymer: electrochemical CO 2 reduction and magnetic properties
    journal, January 2019

    • Dutta, Basudeb; Maity, Suvendu; Ghosh, Soumen
    • New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 43, Issue 13
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    Covalently anchoring cobalt phthalocyanine on zeolitic imidazolate frameworks for efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction
    journal, January 2020

    • Yang, Zhongjie; Zhang, Xiaofei; Long, Chang
    • CrystEngComm, Vol. 22, Issue 9
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    Pristine Transition‐Metal‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalysis
    journal, January 2019

    A stable and porous iridium( iii )-porphyrin metal–organic framework: synthesis, structure and catalysis
    journal, January 2016

    • Cui, Hao; Wang, Yingxia; Wang, Yanhu
    • CrystEngComm, Vol. 18, Issue 12
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    Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Carbon Dioxide Reduction by a Single-Atom Implanted Metal-Organic Framework
    journal, October 2016

    Metal–organic frameworks with Lewis acidity: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic applications
    journal, January 2017

    Synthesis of micro/nanoscaled metal–organic frameworks and their direct electrochemical applications
    journal, January 2020

    • Xiao, Xiao; Zou, Lianli; Pang, Huan
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    Metal-Organic Frameworks as Platforms for Catalytic Applications
    journal, November 2017

    Emerging Carbon‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide into Value‐Added Chemicals
    journal, December 2018

    Electrocatalytic and Solar-Driven CO 2 Reduction to CO with a Molecular Manganese Catalyst Immobilized on Mesoporous TiO 2
    journal, April 2016

    • Rosser, Timothy E.; Windle, Christopher D.; Reisner, Erwin
    • Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 128, Issue 26
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    Nanocrystal/Metal–Organic Framework Hybrids as Electrocatalytic Platforms for CO 2 Conversion
    journal, July 2019

    • Guntern, Yannick T.; Pankhurst, James R.; Vávra, Jan
    • Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 36
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    Highly Efficient Porous Carbon Electrocatalyst with Controllable N‐Species Content for Selective CO 2 Reduction
    journal, January 2020

    Engineering Metal–Organic Frameworks for the Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 : A Minireview
    journal, July 2019

    • Wang, Riming; Kapteijn, Freek; Gascon, Jorge
    • Chemistry – An Asian Journal, Vol. 14, Issue 20
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    A Coordination Network with Ligand-Centered Redox Activity Based on facial -[Cr III (2-mercaptophenolato) 3 ] 3− Metalloligands
    journal, June 2017

    • Wakizaka, Masanori; Matsumoto, Takeshi; Kobayashi, Atsushi
    • Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 23, Issue 41
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    A Dynamically Stabilized Single‐Nickel Electrocatalyst for Selective Reduction of Oxygen to Hydrogen Peroxide
    journal, July 2018

    • Wang, Tingting; Zeng, Zhongming; Cao, Lingyun
    • Chemistry – A European Journal, Vol. 24, Issue 64
    • DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804312

    Electrocatalytic water oxidation by a molecular catalyst incorporated into a metal–organic framework thin film
    journal, January 2017

    • Johnson, Ben A.; Bhunia, Asamanjoy; Ott, Sascha
    • Dalton Transactions, Vol. 46, Issue 5
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    Supercapacitive hybrid materials from the thermolysis of porous coordination nanorods based on a catechol porphyrin
    journal, January 2016

    • Jin, Shangbin; Hill, Jonathan P.; Ji, Qingmin
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, Issue 15
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    Frontiers of water oxidation: the quest for true catalysts
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    • Li, J.; Güttinger, R.; Moré, R.
    • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 46, Issue 20
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    Surface-supported metal–organic framework thin films: fabrication methods, applications, and challenges
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    Platinum/nitrogen-doped carbon/carbon cloth: a bifunctional catalyst for the electrochemical reduction and carboxylation of CO 2 with excellent efficiency
    journal, January 2018

    • Yang, Heng-Pan; Lin, Qing; Zhang, Han-Wen
    • Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 33
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    Design of iron atom modified thiophene-linked metalloporphyrin 2D conjugated microporous polymer as CO 2 reduction photocatalyst
    journal, January 2018

    • Chen, Chongyang; Tang, Chao; Xu, Weiwei
    • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 14
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    A 2,2′-bipyridine-containing covalent organic framework bearing rhenium( i ) tricarbonyl moieties for CO 2 reduction
    journal, January 2018

    • Popov, Damir A.; Luna, John M.; Orchanian, Nicholas M.
    • Dalton Transactions, Vol. 47, Issue 48
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    A porous, electrically conductive hexa-zirconium( iv ) metal–organic framework
    journal, January 2018

    • Goswami, Subhadip; Ray, Debmalya; Otake, Ken-ichi
    • Chemical Science, Vol. 9, Issue 19
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00961a

    A metal–organic framework film with a switchable anodic and cathodic behaviour in a photo-electrochemical cell
    journal, January 2019

    • Ifraemov, Raya; Shimoni, Ran; He, Wenhui
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 7
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8ta10483b

    J-Aggregates of zinc tetraphenylporphyrin: a new pathway to excellent electrochemiluminescence emitters
    journal, January 2019

    • Yang, Zhaofan; Pu, Guiqiang; Ning, Xingming
    • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 20
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    Improving MOF stability: approaches and applications
    journal, January 2019

    • Ding, Meili; Cai, Xuechao; Jiang, Hai-Long
    • Chemical Science, Vol. 10, Issue 44
    • DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03916c

    Steering CO 2 electroreduction toward ethanol production by a surface-bound Ru polypyridyl carbene catalyst on N-doped porous carbon
    journal, December 2019

    • Liu, Yanming; Fan, Xinfei; Nayak, Animesh
    • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 52
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    Facile Synthesis of M-MOF-74 (M=Co, Ni, Zn) and its Application as an ElectroCatalyst for Electrochemical CO 2 Conversion and H 2 Production
    journal, March 2017

    • Choi, Insoo; Jung, Yoo Eil; Yoo, Sung Jong
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5229/jecst.2017.8.1.61

    A Noble-Metal-Free Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Catalyst for the Highly Efficient Conversion of CO 2 with Propargylic Alcohols
    journal, December 2018

    • Hou, Sheng-Li; Dong, Jie; Jiang, Xiao-Lei
    • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811506

    Stable Metal-Organic Frameworks: Design, Synthesis, and Applications
    journal, February 2018

    Atomically Dispersed Metal Sites in MOF-Based Materials for Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic Energy Conversion
    journal, June 2018

    • Liang, Zibin; Qu, Chong; Xia, Dingguo
    • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, Issue 31
    • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800269

    Electrochemical Water Oxidation by a Catalyst-Modified Metal-Organic Framework Thin Film
    journal, February 2017

    • Lin, Shaoyang; Pineda-Galvan, Yuliana; Maza, William A.
    • ChemSusChem, Vol. 10, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700107

    Electro- and Solar-Driven Fuel Synthesis with First Row Transition Metal Complexes
    journal, October 2018

    Supramolecular Porphyrin Cages Assembled at Molecular–Materials Interfaces for Electrocatalytic CO Reduction
    journal, September 2017

    Theoretical Investigations of the Electrochemical Reduction of CO on Single Metal Atoms Embedded in Graphene
    journal, November 2017

    Ruthenium-Based Macromolecules as Potential Catalysts in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Phases for the Utilization of Carbon Dioxide
    journal, August 2019

    • Anjali, Kaiprathu; Christopher, Jayaraj; Sakthivel, Ayyamperumal
    • ACS Omega, Vol. 4, Issue 8
    • DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01741

    Synergistic electroreduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide on bimetallic layered conjugated metal-organic frameworks
    journal, March 2020

    Recent Innovation of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Photocatalytic Reduction
    journal, December 2019

    • Kidanemariam, Alemayehu; Lee, Jiwon; Park, Juhyun
    • Polymers, Vol. 11, Issue 12
    • DOI: 10.3390/polym11122090
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