Title: Methods for separating oxygen from oxygen-containing gases

Abstract

This invention provides mixed conducting metal oxides particularly useful for the manufacture of catalytic membranes for gas-phase oxygen separation processes. The materials of this invention have the general formula: A.sub.x A'.sub.x A".sub.2-(x+x') B.sub.y B'.sub.y B".sub.2-(y+y') O.sub.5+z ; where x and x' are greater than 0; y and y' are greater than 0; x+x' is less than or equal to 2; y+y' is less than or equal to 2; z is a number that makes the metal oxide charge neutral; A is an element selected from the f block lanthanide elements; A' is an element selected from Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Ra; A" is an element selected from the f block lanthanides or Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Ra; B is an element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In or mixtures thereof; and B' and B" are different elements and are independently selected from the group of elements Mg or the d-block transition elements. The invention also provides methods for oxygen separation and oxygen enrichment of oxygen deficient gases which employ mixed conducting metal oxides of the above formula. Examples of the materials used for the preparation of the membrane include A.sub.x Sr.sub.x' B.sub.y Fe.sub.y'more » Co.sub.2-(y+y') O.sub.5+z, where x is about 0.3 to about 0.5, x' is about 1.5 to about 1.7, y is 0.6, y' is between about 1.0 and 1.4 and B is Ga or Al. « less

Inventors:

Mackay, Richard ^[1]; Schwartz, Michael ^[2]; Sammells, Anthony F ^[2]

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+ Show Inventor Affiliations

1. Lafayette, CO
2. Boulder, CO

Issue Date:

Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2000

Research Org.:

Eltron Research, Inc., Boulder, CO

OSTI Identifier:

873462

Patent Number(s):

6165431

Assignee:

Eltron Research, Inc. (Boulder, CO)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01D - SEPARATION

B01D2323/08 - Specific temperatures applied
B01D2323/12 - Specific ratios of components used
B01D2325/10 - Catalysts being present on the surface of the membrane or in the pores
B01D2325/18 - Membrane materials having mixed charged functional groups
B01D53/228 - {characterised by specific membranes}
B01D53/326 - {in electrochemical cells}
B01D67/0041 - {by agglomeration of particles in the dry state, e.g. sintering}
B01D69/141 - {Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material
B01D71/024 - {Oxides}

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL B01J - CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY

B01J12/007 - {in the presence of catalytically active bodies, e.g. porous plates}
B01J19/2475 - {Membrane reactors}
B01J2208/00601 - Controlling the conductivity
B01J2219/00051 - Controlling the temperature
B01J2219/00063 - of the reactants
B01J2219/0018 - controlling the conductivity
B01J2219/00189 - controlling the stirring velocity
B01J23/002 - {Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite}
B01J23/83 - with rare earths or actinides
B01J2523/00 - Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
B01J2523/24 - Strontium
B01J2523/31 - Aluminium
B01J2523/32 - Gallium
B01J2523/3706 - Lanthanum
B01J2523/842 - Iron
B01J2523/845 - Cobalt
B01J35/0033 - {Electric or magnetic properties}
B01J35/065 - {Membranes}
B01J8/009 - {Membranes, e.g. feeding or removing reactants or products to or from the catalyst bed through a membrane}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01B - NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS

C01B13/0255 - {characterised by the type of membrane}
C01B17/0465 - {Catalyst compositions}
C01B2203/0261 - containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
C01B2203/1011 - Packed bed of catalytic structures, e.g. particles, packing elements
C01B2203/1035 - Catalyst coated on equipment surfaces, e.g. reactor walls
C01B2203/1041 - Composition of the catalyst
C01B2203/1052 - Nickel or cobalt catalysts
C01B2203/1064 - Platinum group metal catalysts
C01B2203/1082 - Composition of support materials
C01B2203/1241 - Natural gas or methane
C01B2203/1258 - Pre-treatment of the feed
C01B2210/0046 - Nitrogen
C01B3/36 - using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C01B3/386 - {Catalytic partial combustion}

C - CHEMISTRY C01 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY C01C - AMMONIA

C01C3/0216 - {characterised by the catalyst used}

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

H01M4/9033 - {Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type M1MeO3, M1 being an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth, Me being a metal, e.g. perovskites}
H01M4/9066 - {of metal-ceramic composites or mixtures, e.g. cermets}
H01M8/1231 - with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
H01M8/1246 - the electrolyte consisting of oxides

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

Y02E60/50 - Fuel cells

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02P - CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

Y02P20/52 - using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Y02P70/50 - Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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DOE Contract Number:  

FG03-96ER82215

Resource Type:

Patent

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

methods; separating; oxygen; oxygen-containing; gases; provides; mixed; conducting; metal; oxides; particularly; useful; manufacture; catalytic; membranes; gas-phase; separation; processes; materials; formula; 2-; z; equal; makes; oxide; charge; neutral; element; selected; block; lanthanide; elements; mg; sr; lanthanides; consisting; mixtures; independently; d-block; transition; enrichment; deficient; employ; examples; preparation; membrane; separation processes; mixed conducting; oxygen enrichment; containing gases; provides methods; independently selected; catalytic membrane; separation process; oxygen-containing gas; metal oxide; particularly useful; metal oxides; element selected; containing gas; separating oxygen; transition elements; transition element; oxygen separation; charge neutral; oxygen-containing gases; conducting metal; /423/55/95/96/502/