Metal hydride alloys with improved rate performance

Weadock, Nicholas J.; Tan, Hongjin; Fultz, Brent T.; Yang, Heng

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Title: Metal hydride alloys with improved rate performance

Abstract

Methods of preparing improved metal hydride alloy materials are provided. The alloys include a mixture of at least four of vanadium, titanium, nickel, chromium, and iron. The alloy is processed by at least one of thermal and physical treatment to generate a refined microstructure exhibiting improved kinetics when used as electrodes in MH batteries (e.g., higher discharge current). The thermal treatment includes rapid cooling of the alloy at greater than 10.sup.4 K/s. The physical treatment includes mechanical pulverization of the alloy after cooling. The microstructure is a single phase (body centered cubic) with a heterogeneous composition including a plurality of primary regions having a lattice parameter selected from the range of 3.02 .ANG. to 3.22 .ANG. and a plurality of secondary regions having a lattice parameter selected from the range of 3.00 .ANG. to 3.22 .ANG. and at least one physical dimension having a maximum average value less than 1 .mu.m.

Inventors:: Weadock, Nicholas J.; Tan, Hongjin; Fultz, Brent T.; Yang, Heng

Issue Date:: Tue Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1502950

Patent Number(s):: 10211457

Application Number:: 15/046,104

Assignee:: California Institute of Technology (Pasadena, CA)

Patent Classifications (CPCs):: B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B22 - CASTING B22D - CASTING OF METALS

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B22 - CASTING B22F - WORKING METALLIC POWDER

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B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B22 - CASTING B22D - CASTING OF METALS
B22D11/06 - into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
B22D18/06 - Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould

B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS B22 - CASTING B22F - WORKING METALLIC POWDER
B22F2009/043 - {by ball milling}
B22F2998/10 - Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
B22F3/02 - Compacting only
B22F9/04 - starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
B22F9/082 - {atomising using a fluid

C - CHEMISTRY C21 - METALLURGY OF IRON C21D - MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS
C21D1/58 - Oils
C21D1/60 - Aqueous agents
C21D1/613 - Gases

C - CHEMISTRY C22 - METALLURGY C22C - ALLOYS
C22C1/02 - by melting {
C22C1/045 - {Alloys based on refractory metals}
C22C14/00 - Alloys based on titanium
C22C27/025 - {alloys based on vanadium}

C - CHEMISTRY C22 - METALLURGY C22F - CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
C22F1/18 - High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
C22F1/183 - {of titanium or alloys based thereon}

C - CHEMISTRY C23 - COATING METALLIC MATERIAL C23C - COATING METALLIC MATERIAL
C23C8/08 - only one element being applied
C23C8/80 - After-treatment

H - ELECTRICITY H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS H01M - PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
H01M10/345 - {Gastight metal hydride accumulators}
H01M12/08 - composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
H01M4/383 - {Hydrogen absorbing alloys}
H01M4/621 - {Binders}

Y - NEW / CROSS SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE Y02E - REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E60/10 - Energy storage

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DOE Contract Number:: SC0001057

Resource Type:: Patent

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2016 Feb 17

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Weadock, Nicholas J., Tan, Hongjin, Fultz, Brent T., and Yang, Heng. Metal hydride alloys with improved rate performance.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.

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                    Weadock, Nicholas J., Tan, Hongjin, Fultz, Brent T., & Yang, Heng. Metal hydride alloys with improved rate performance.  United States.

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                    Weadock, Nicholas J., Tan, Hongjin, Fultz, Brent T., and Yang, Heng. Tue .  
        "Metal hydride alloys with improved rate performance".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1502950.

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@article{osti_1502950,

  title        = {Metal hydride alloys with improved rate performance},

  author       = {Weadock, Nicholas J. and Tan, Hongjin and Fultz, Brent T. and Yang, Heng},

  abstractNote = {Methods of preparing improved metal hydride alloy materials are provided. The alloys include a mixture of at least four of vanadium, titanium, nickel, chromium, and iron. The alloy is processed by at least one of thermal and physical treatment to generate a refined microstructure exhibiting improved kinetics when used as electrodes in MH batteries (e.g., higher discharge current). The thermal treatment includes rapid cooling of the alloy at greater than 10.sup.4 K/s. The physical treatment includes mechanical pulverization of the alloy after cooling. The microstructure is a single phase (body centered cubic) with a heterogeneous composition including a plurality of primary regions having a lattice parameter selected from the range of 3.02 .ANG. to 3.22 .ANG. and a plurality of secondary regions having a lattice parameter selected from the range of 3.00 .ANG. to 3.22 .ANG. and at least one physical dimension having a maximum average value less than 1 .mu.m.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Tue Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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patent, November 1985

Sapru, Krishna; Hong, Kuochih; Fetcenko, Michael A.
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Ovshinsky, Stanford R.; Young, Rosa; Chao, Benjamin
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