U.S. Department of EnergyOffice of Scientific and Technical Information
Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion
Abstract
The achievement of obtaining a burning plasma is a critical step toward self-sustaining fusion energy. A burning plasma is a fusion plasma where the alpha-particles created by the deuterium-tritium (DT) fusion reactions are the primary source of heating in the plasma, which is necessary to sustain and propagate the fusion reaction to enable high energy gain. After decades of fusion research, a burning plasma state has finally been achieved. Herein, we report upon the first burning-plasma experiments; this state was achieved using a strategy to increase the capsule spatial scale via two different implosion concepts, on the US National Ignition Facility. These experiments show energies from self-heating in excess of the mechanical work injected into the implosions satisfying several burning plasma metrics, the last experiment additionally shows that the fusion self-heating is greater than losses from radiation and heat conduction. These experiments triple the fusion yield performance and show significantly higher yield amplification from self-heating than prior results; remaining degradations can be reduced for even higher fusion performance.
- Authors:
-
more »
- OSTI
- Publication Date:
- DOE Contract Number:
- NA0003868; AC52-07NA27344
- Research Org.:
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Plasma Science and Fusion Center; Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1888013
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/5GIE3Y
Citation Formats
Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Kleinrath, H. Geppert, Kleinrath, V. Geppert, Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B. Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.7910/DVN/5GIE3Y.
Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Kleinrath, H. Geppert, Kleinrath, V. Geppert, Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., & Zimmerman, G. B. Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion. United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/5GIE3Y
Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Kleinrath, H. Geppert, Kleinrath, V. Geppert, Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B. 2022.
"Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion". United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/5GIE3Y. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1888013. Pub date:Wed Jun 08 00:00:00 EDT 2022
@article{osti_1888013,
title = {Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion},
author = {Zylstra, A. B. and Hurricane, O. A. and Callahan, D. A. and Kritcher, A. L. and Ralph, J. E. and Robey, H. F. and Ross, J. S. and Young, C. V. and Baker, K. L. and Casey, D. T. and Döppner, T. and Divol, L. and Hohenberger, M. and Le Pape, S. and Pak, A. and Patel, P. K. and Tommasini, R. and Ali, S. J. and Amendt, P. A. and Atherton, L. J. and Bachmann, B. and Bailey, D. and Benedetti, L. R. and Berzak Hopkins, L. and Betti, R. and Bhandarkar, S. D. and Biener, J. and Bionta, R. M. and Birge, N. W. and Bond, E. J. and Bradley, D. K. and Braun, T. and Briggs, T. M. and Bruhn, M. W. and Celliers, P. M. and Chang, B. and Chapman, T. and Chen, H. and Choate, C. and Christopherson, A. R. and Clark, D. S. and Crippen, J. W. and Dewald, E. L. and Dittrich, T. R. and Edwards, M. J. and Farmer, W. A. and Field, J. E. and Fittinghoff, D. and Frenje, J. and Gaffney, J. and Gatu Johnson, M. and Glenzer, S. H. and Grim, G. P. and Haan, S. and Hahn, K. D. and Hall, G. N. and Hammel, B. A. and Harte, J. and Hartouni, E. and Heebner, J. E. and Hernandez, V. J. and Herrmann, H. and Herrmann, M. C. and Hinkel, D. E. and Ho, D. D. and Holder, J. P. and Hsing, W. W. and Huang, H. and Humbird, K. D. and Izumi, N. and Jarrott, L. C. and Jeet, J. and Jones, O. and Kerbel, G. D. and Kerr, S. M. and Khan, S. F. and Kilkenny, J. and Kim, Y. and Kleinrath, H. Geppert and Kleinrath, V. Geppert and Kong, C. and Koning, J. M. and Kroll, J. J. and Kruse, M. K. G. and Kustowski, B. and Landen, O. L. and Langer, S. and Larson, D. and Lemos, N. C. and Lindl, J. D. and Ma, T. and MacDonald, M. J. and MacGowan, B. J. and Mackinnon, A. J. and MacLaren, S. A. and MacPhee, A. G. and Marinak, M. M. and Mariscal, D. A. and Marley, E. V. and Masse, L. and Meaney, K. and Meezan, N. B. and Michel, P. A. and Millot, M. and Milovich, J. L. and Moody, J. D. and Moore, A. S. and Morton, J. W. and Murphy, T. and Newman, K. and Di Nicola, J.-M. G. and Nikroo, A. and Nora, R. and Patel, M. V. and Pelz, L. J. and Peterson, J. L. and Ping, Y. and Pollock, B. B. and Ratledge, M. and Rice, N. G. and Rinderknecht, H. and Rosen, M. and Rubery, M. S. and Salmonson, J. D. and Sater, J. and Schiaffino, S. and Schlossberg, D. J. and Schneider, M. B. and Schroeder, C. R. and Scott, H. A. and Sepke, S. M. and Sequoia, K. and Sherlock, M. W. and Shin, S. and Smalyuk, V. A. and Spears, B. K. and Springer, P. T. and Stadermann, M. and Stoupin, S. and Strozzi, D. J. and Suter, L. J. and Thomas, C. A. and Town, R. P. J. and Tubman, E. R. and Trosseille, C. and Volegov, P. L. and Weber, C. R. and Widmann, K. and Wild, C. and Wilde, C. H. and Van Wonterghem, B. M. and Woods, D. T. and Woodworth, B. N. and Yamaguchi, M. and Yang, S. T. and Zimmerman, G. B.},
abstractNote = {The achievement of obtaining a burning plasma is a critical step toward self-sustaining fusion energy. A burning plasma is a fusion plasma where the alpha-particles created by the deuterium-tritium (DT) fusion reactions are the primary source of heating in the plasma, which is necessary to sustain and propagate the fusion reaction to enable high energy gain. After decades of fusion research, a burning plasma state has finally been achieved. Herein, we report upon the first burning-plasma experiments; this state was achieved using a strategy to increase the capsule spatial scale via two different implosion concepts, on the US National Ignition Facility. These experiments show energies from self-heating in excess of the mechanical work injected into the implosions satisfying several burning plasma metrics, the last experiment additionally shows that the fusion self-heating is greater than losses from radiation and heat conduction. These experiments triple the fusion yield performance and show significantly higher yield amplification from self-heating than prior results; remaining degradations can be reduced for even higher fusion performance.},
doi = {10.7910/DVN/5GIE3Y},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jun 08 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Wed Jun 08 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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