Study of liquid metal surface wave damping in the presence of magnetic fields and electrical currents

Fisher, A E; Hvasta, M G; Kolemen, E

doi:10.11578/1562082

Title: Study of liquid metal surface wave damping in the presence of magnetic fields and electrical currents

Abstract

Experiments and predictions of surface wave damping in liquid metal due to a surface aligned magnetic field and externally regulated j × B force are presented. Fast-flowing, liquid-metal plasma facing components (LM-PFCs) are a proposed alternative to solid PFCs that are unable to handle the high heat flux, thermal stresses, and radiation damage in a tokamak. The significant technical challenges associated with LM-PFCs compared to solid PFCs are justified by greater heat flux management, self-healing properties, and reduced particle recycling. However, undesirable engineering challenges such as evaporation and splashing of the liquid metal introduce excessive impurities into the plasma and degrade plasma performance. Evaporation may be avoided through high-speed flow that limits temperature rise of the liquid metal by reducing heat flux exposure time, but as flow speed increases the surface may become more turbulent and prone to splashing and uneven surfaces. Wave damping is one mechanism that reduces surface disturbance and thus the chances of liquid metal impurity introduction into the plasma. Experiments on the Liquid Metal eXperiment Upgrade (LMX-U) examined damping under the influence of transverse magnetic fields and vertically directed Lorentz force.

Authors:: Fisher, A E; Hvasta, M G; Kolemen, E

Publication Date:: Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: U. S. Department of Energy

Keywords:: Liquid metal; Lorentz force; Surface waves

OSTI Identifier:: 1562082

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.11578/1562082

Citation Formats


                    Fisher, A E, Hvasta, M G, and Kolemen, E. Study of liquid metal surface wave damping in the presence of magnetic fields and electrical currents.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.  doi:10.11578/1562082.

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                    Fisher, A E, Hvasta, M G, & Kolemen, E. Study of liquid metal surface wave damping in the presence of magnetic fields and electrical currents.  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.11578/1562082

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                    Fisher, A E, Hvasta, M G, and Kolemen, E. 2019.  
"Study of liquid metal surface wave damping in the presence of magnetic fields and electrical currents".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.11578/1562082.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1562082. Pub date:Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019

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@article{osti_1562082,

  title        = {Study of liquid metal surface wave damping in the presence of magnetic fields and electrical currents},

  author       = {Fisher, A E and Hvasta, M G and Kolemen, E},

  abstractNote = {Experiments and predictions of surface wave damping in liquid metal due to a surface aligned magnetic field and externally regulated j × B force are presented. Fast-flowing, liquid-metal plasma facing components (LM-PFCs) are a proposed alternative to solid PFCs that are unable to handle the high heat flux, thermal stresses, and radiation damage in a tokamak. The significant technical challenges associated with LM-PFCs compared to solid PFCs are justified by greater heat flux management, self-healing properties, and reduced particle recycling. However, undesirable engineering challenges such as evaporation and splashing of the liquid metal introduce excessive impurities into the plasma and degrade plasma performance. Evaporation may be avoided through high-speed flow that limits temperature rise of the liquid metal by reducing heat flux exposure time, but as flow speed increases the surface may become more turbulent and prone to splashing and uneven surfaces. Wave damping is one mechanism that reduces surface disturbance and thus the chances of liquid metal impurity introduction into the plasma. Experiments on the Liquid Metal eXperiment Upgrade (LMX-U) examined damping under the influence of transverse magnetic fields and vertically directed Lorentz force.},

  doi          = {10.11578/1562082},

  journal      = {},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Fri Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.11578/1562082

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